经济学原理对应练习09.docx

1、经济学原理对应练习 09Chapter 9Application: International TradeMultiple Choice 1. An important factor in the decline of the U.S. textile industry over the past 100 or so years isa. foreign competitors that could produce quality textile goods at low cost.b. lower prices of goods that are substitutes for clothi

2、ng.c. a decrease in Americans demand for clothing, due to increased incomes and the fact that clothing is an inferior good.d. the fact that the minimum wage in the U.S. has failed to keep pace with the cost of living.ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 9-0TOP: International trade MSC: Interpretive 2. With whi

3、ch of the Ten Principles of Economics is the study of international trade most closely connected?a. People face tradeoffs.b. Trade can make everyone better off.c. Governments can sometimes improve market outcomes.d. Prices rise when the government prints too much money.ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 9-0T

4、OP: International trade MSC: Interpretive 3. A logical starting point from which the study of international trade begins isa. the recognition that not all markets are competitive.b. the recognition that government intervention in markets sometimes enhances the economic welfare of the society.c. the

5、principle of absolute advantage.d. the principle of comparative advantage.ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 9-0TOP: International trade | Comparative advantage MSC: Interpretive 4. A tax on an imported good is called aa. quota.b. tariff.c. supply tax.d. trade tax.ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 9-1TOP: Tariffs MS

6、C: Definitional 5. The price of a good that prevails in a world market is called thea. absolute price.b. relative price.c. comparative price.d. world price.ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 9-1TOP: Price | World trade MSC: Definitional 6. The price of cotton that prevails in international markets is called

7、thea. export price of cotton.b. import price of cotton.c. comparative-advantage price of cotton.d. world price of cotton.ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 9-1TOP: International trade | Prices MSC: Definitional 7. If a country allows trade and, for a certain good, the domestic price without trade is higher t

8、han the world price,a. the country will be an exporter of the good.b. the country will be an importer of the good.c. the country will be neither an exporter nor an importer of the good.d. Additional information is needed about demand to determine whether the country will be an exporter of the good,

9、an importer of the good, or neither.ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 9-1TOP: Prices | Imports MSC: Interpretive 8. If a country allows trade and, for a certain good, the domestic price without trade is lower than the world price,a. the country will be an exporter of the good.b. the country will be an impor

10、ter of the good.c. the country will be neither an exporter nor an importer of the good.d. Additional information is needed about demand to determine whether the country will be an exporter of the good, an importer of the good, or neither.ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 9-1TOP: Prices | Exports MSC: Interp

11、retive 9. For any country, if the world price of computers is higher than the domestic price of computers without trade, that country shoulda. export computers, since that country has a comparative advantage in computers.b. import computers, since that country has a comparative advantage in computer

12、s.c. neither export nor import computers, since that country cannot gain from trade.d. neither export nor import computers, since that country already produces computers at a low cost compared to other countries.ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 9-1TOP: Exports | Comparative advantage MSC: Applicative 10. I

13、f the world price of textiles is higher than Vietnams domestic price of textiles without trade, then Vietnama. should import textiles.b. has a comparative advantage in textiles.c. should produce just enough textiles to meet its domestic demand.d. should refrain altogether from producing textiles.ANS

14、: B PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 9-1TOP: Price | Comparative advantage MSC: Interpretive 11. Assume, for Canada, that the domestic price of steel without international trade is higher than the world price of steel. This suggests that, in the production of steel,a. Canada has a comparative advantage over other

15、 countries and Canada will import steel.b. Canada has a comparative advantage over other countries and Canada will export steel.c. other countries have a comparative advantage over Canada and Canada will import steel.d. other countries have a comparative advantage over Canada and Canada will export

16、steel.ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 9-1TOP: Comparative advantage | Prices MSC: Applicative 12. Assume, for the U.S., that the domestic price of beef without international trade is lower than the world price of beef. This suggests that, in the production of beef,a. the U.S. has a comparative advantage o

17、ver other countries and the U.S. will export beef.b. the U.S. has a comparative advantage over other countries and the U.S. will import beef.c. other countries have a comparative advantage over the U.S. and the U.S. will export beef.d. other countries have a comparative advantage over the U.S. and t

18、he U.S. will import beef.ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 9-1TOP: Comparative advantage | Prices MSC: Applicative 13. Suppose the United States exports cars to France and imports cheese from Switzerland. This situation suggests that a. the United States has a comparative advantage relative to Switzerland i

19、n producing cheese, and France has a comparative advantage relative to the United States in producing cars.b. the United States has a comparative advantage relative to France in producing cars, and Switzerland has a comparative advantage relative to the United States in producing cheese.c. the Unite

20、d States has an absolute advantage relative to Switzerland in producing cheese, and France has an absolute advantage relative to the United States in producing cars.d. the United States has an absolute advantage relative to France in producing cars, and Switzerland has an absolute advantage relative

21、 to the United States in producing cheese.ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 9-1TOP: Comparative advantage MSC: Interpretive 14. Trade among nations is ultimately based ona. absolute advantage.b. strategic advantage.c. comparative advantage.d. technical advantage.ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 9-1TOP: Trade | Com

22、parative advantage MSC: Interpretive 15. A country has a comparative advantage in a product if the world price isa. lower than that countrys domestic price without trade.b. higher than that countrys domestic price without trade.c. equal to that countrys domestic price without trade.d. not subject to

23、 manipulation by organizations that govern international trade.ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 9-1TOP: Price | Comparative advantage MSC: Interpretive 16. Suppose Haiti has a comparative advantage over other countries in producing sugar, but other countries have an absolute advantage over Haiti in produci

24、ng sugar. If trade in sugar is allowed, Haitia. will import sugar.b. will export sugar.c. will either export sugar or export sugar, but it is not clear from the given information.d. would have nothing to gain either from exporting or importing sugar.ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 9-1TOP: Comparative adva

25、ntage | Absolute advantage MSC: Interpretive 17. When, in our analysis of the gains and losses of international trade, we assume that a country is small, we are in effect assuming that the countrya. cannot experience significant gains or losses by trading with other countries.b. cannot have a signif

26、icant comparative advantage over other countries.c. cannot affect world prices by trading with other countries.d. All of the above are correct.ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 9-2TOP: Prices | International trade MSC: Interpretive 18. When, in our analysis of the gains and losses from international trade,

27、we assume that a particular country is small, we are a. assuming the domestic price before trade will continue to prevail once that country is opened up to trade with other countries.b. assuming there is no demand for that countrys domestically-produced goods by other countries.c. assuming internati

28、onal trade can benefit producers, but not consumers, in that country.d. making an assumption that is not necessary to analyze the gains and losses from international trade.ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 9-2TOP: Assumptions | International trade MSC: Interpretive 19. In analyzing the gains and losses from

29、 international trade, to say that Moldova is a small country is to say thata. Moldova can only import goods; it cannot export goods.b. Moldovas choice of which goods to export and which goods to import is not based on the principle of comparative advantage.c. only the domestic price of a good is rel

30、evant for Moldova; the world price of a good is irrelevant.d. Moldova is a price taker.ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 9-2TOP: Prices | International trade MSC: Interpretive 20. When a country allows trade and becomes an exporter of a good,a. domestic producers gain and domestic consumers lose.b. domestic

31、 producers lose and domestic consumers gain.c. domestic producers and domestic consumers both gain.d. domestic producers and domestic consumers both lose.ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 9-2TOP: Exports | Gains from trade MSC: Interpretive 21. When a country allows trade and becomes an importer of a good,a

32、. both domestic producers and domestic consumers become better off.b. domestic producers become better off, and domestic consumers become worse off.c. domestic producers become worse off, and domestic consumers become better off.d. both domestic producers and domestic consumers become worse off.ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 9-2TOP: Imports | Gains from trade MSC: Interpretive 22. When a count