高考英语语法知识汇总第11章助动词情态动词和虚拟语气.docx

1、高考英语语法知识汇总第11章助动词情态动词和虚拟语气第十一章 助动词、情态动词和虚拟语气1. I have lost one of my gloves. I _ it somewhere. 【05北京春】 A. must drop B. must have dropped C. must be dropping D. must have been dropped2. You _ be tired - youve only been working for an hour. 【04全国】 A. must not B. wont C. cant D. may not3. I often see l

2、ights in that empty house. Do you think I _ report it to the police? 【04全国】A. should B. may C. will D. can4. Mr. White _ at 8:30 for the meeting, but he didnt show up. 【04全国】A. should have arrived B. should arriveC. should have had arrived D. should be arriving5.-Tom graduated from college at a very

3、 young age.-Oh, he _have been a very smart boy then. 【04全国】A. could B. should C. might D. must6. - I dont mind telling you what I know. - You . Im not asking you for it. 【04江苏】 A. mustnt B. may not C. cant D. neednt7. I _ pay Tracy a visit, but I am not sure whether I will have time this Sunday. 【04

4、浙江卷】 A. should B. might C. would D. could8. - Excuse me, but I want to use your computer to type a report. - You _ have my computer if you dont take care of it. 【04湖南卷】 A. shant B. might not C. neednt D. shouldnt9. No, Im afraid he isnt in. This is his secretary speaking. Can I help you? - _.【04广东卷】

5、A. Oh, you will. B. Oh, thats a pity. C. I should think so. D. Well, I look forward to hearing from you.10Ill tell Mary about her new job tomorrow. You_ her last week. 【04福建卷】 Aought to tell Bwould have told Cmust tell Dshould have told11Maybe you have been to many countries, but nowhere else such a

6、 beautiful palace. 【04辽宁卷】 Acan you find Byou could find Cyou can find Dcould you find12Mum, Ive been studying English since 8 oclock. I go out and play with Tom for a while? No, Im afraid not. Besides, its raining outside now. 【04辽宁卷】 ACant BWouldnt CMay not DWont13. Who is the girl standing over t

7、here? Well, if you know, her name is Mabel. 【04天津卷】A. may B. can C. must D. shall14. “The interest_ be divided into five parts, according to the agreement made by both sides,” declared the judge. 【04重庆卷】A. may B. should C. must D. shall15. Children under 12 years of age in that country _ be under ad

8、ult supervision when in a public library. 【04上海卷】A. must B. may C. can D. need16. - Isnt that Anns husband over there? - No, it _ be him. Im sure he doesnt wear glasses. 【04全国】A. cant B. must not C. wont D. may not17. A left luggage office is a place where bags be left for a short time, especially a

9、t a railway station. 【NMET2003】Ashould Bcan Cmust Dwill18How you say that you really understand the whole story if you have covered only part of the article ? 【2003上海】 Acan Bmust Cneed Dmay 19. Is John coming by train? 【NMET2002】 He should, but he _not. He likes driving his car. A. must B. can C. ne

10、ed D. may20.It has been announced that candidates_remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected. 【2002上海】A. can B. will C. may D. shall21.It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I in love, at the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown. 【2002上海】

11、A. wouldnt have fallen B. had not fallen C. should fall D. were to fall22.I was really anxious about you. You _ home without a word. 【NMET2001】 A. mustnt leave B. shouldnt have left C. couldnt have left D. neednt leave23. - Are you coming to Jeffs party? 【NMET2000】 - Im not sure . I _go to the conce

12、rt instead.Amust Bwould Cshould Dmight24. Will you stay for lunch? 【NMET1999】 Sorry, _. My brother is coming to see me.A. I mustnt B.I cant C. I neednt D.I wont25. -I stayed at a hotel while in New York. 【NMET1998】-Oh, did you? You_ with Barbara.A. could have stayed B. could stay C. would stay D. mu

13、st have stayed26. -When can I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow afternoon. - They _be ready by 12:00. 【NMET1998】 A. can B. should C. might D. need27. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone_ get out. 【NMET1997】 A. had to B. would C. could D. was able to28. Johnny, youplay

14、 with the knife, You _ hurt yourself. 【NMET1996】A. wont; cantB. mustnt; may C. shouldnt; mustD. cant; shouldnt29. You didnt let me drive. If wein turn, youso tired. 【NMET1996】A. drove, didnt get B. drove; wouldnt getC. were driving; wouldnt get D. had driven; wouldnt have got30. When a pencil is par

15、tly in a glass of water, it looks as if it. 【NMET1995】 A. breaks B. has broken C. were brokenD. had been broken31. -There were already five people in the car but they managed to take me as well. -Ita comfortable journey. 【NMET1995】A. cant be B. shouldnt be C. mustnt have been D. couldnt have been32.

16、 Its nearly seven oclock. Jack _be here at any moment. 【NMET1995】 A. must B. need C. should D. can33. Shall I tell John about it? 【MET1994】 No, you _ . Ive told him already.A. neednt B. wouldnt C. mustnt D. shouldnt34. I told Sally how to get here, but perhaps I _ for her. 【MET1994】 A. had to write

17、it out B. must have written it out C. should have written it out D. ought to write it out35. I didnt see your sister at the meeting. If she _ , she would have met my brother. 【MET1994】A. has come B. did come C. came D. had come【答案与解析】1. B该题考查情态动词的用法。根据I have lost one of my gloves.得知是对过去事实的肯定推测，所以用mu

18、st have done。句意：我丢了一只手套，我肯定是在某处掉了。2. C该题根据交际情景考查情态动词的用法。后面说才干了一个小时，因此是不可能累。表示可能性的否定句用cant。句意：你不可能累，你只干了一个小时。3. A 该题考查交际情景中情态动词的用法。should 在此表示责任或义务，意为：必须，应该。句意：我经常看见那座空房子里有灯光。你认为我该报告警察吗？4. A 该题考查交际情景中情态动词的用法。关键词he didnt show up，表明怀特先生该来而没来。选A. should have arrived表示该做但未做。句意：怀特先生应该8:30开会；但是他还没露面。5. B 该

19、题根据交际情景考查情态动词的用法。第一句话：汤姆年龄很小就大学毕业。第二句话：啊，他肯定是个很聪明的孩子。根据第一句话得知第二句话是一个对过去事实的肯定的推测因此选择D. must。6D 该题根据交际情景考查情态动词的用法。该题的关键是Im not asking you for it.既然没问，就没必要说。因此选择D。句意：“我不介意告诉你我知道的一切。”“你没必要。我没问你这件事。” 7. A 该题根据交际情景考查情态动词的用法。根据but后面的句子“我不敢肯定本周日是否有时间”，说明前面是应该去，故选A。句意：我该去拜访特蕾西，但是我不敢肯定本周日我是否有时间。8.A 该题考查情态动词的用

20、法。shall用于陈述句第二、三人称, 表示说话者的意图、警告、命令、决心等, 主语的行动受讲话者支配。句意：“对不起，我想用一下你的电脑打份报告。”“如果你不小心使用的话，你不得使用我的电脑。”9. C该题根据交际情景考查情态动词。should 用于第一人称时表示某种条件下会产生的结果，意为：该。句意：“不，恐怕他不在。我是他的秘书，你需要帮忙么？”“我想该这样。”10D该题根据交际情景考查情态动词的用法。should/ought to have done表示该做而未做的事。句意：“我明天要告诉玛丽有关她的新工作的事。”“你应该上周告诉她。”11A该题根据交际情景考查倒装句的用法。Nowhe

21、re是否定副词放句首，要求主语谓语借助于助动词倒装。该题表示现在的时态，故选A。句意：可能你去过很多国家，但是你再也找不到如此美的地方。12A该题根据交际情景考查情态动词的用法。据题意，此处是表示请求允许，故选A。句意：“妈妈，我从8点就学英语。我难道不能出去和汤姆玩一会吗？”“是的，恐怕不行。还有，现在外面正下雨呢。”13. C该题根据交际情景考查情态动词的用法。据题意和说话者的不耐烦的语气得知应当选C. must表示与说话人愿望相反及不耐烦，意为：偏要 。句意：“站在那里的姑娘是谁？”“啊，如果你偏要知道，她名叫梅布尔。”14. D该题是根据交际情景考查情态动词的用法。shall用于第三人

22、称, 在条约、规定、法令等文件中表示义务或规定,意为：应, 必须。句意：法官宣布:“根据双方达成的协议，息金应当分成五份。”15. A 考查情态动词的用法。must“表示职责或义务上的要求”，意为：必须，应当。句意：“在那个国家，12岁以下的孩子在图书馆必须在成年人的监护之下。”16. A 该题是考查情态动词的用法。根据交际情景此处是表示可能性，用于否定句中一般用cant。句意：“难道那个安的丈夫不在那里？”“不，不可能是他。我肯定他不戴眼镜。”17. B 该题考查在特定语言环境中情态动词的用法。据题意：行李寄存处特别是在火车站短时间存放包的地方。该题中情态动词can表示许可，should意为

23、：应该；must表示必须；will表示意愿。故选B。18.A 考查情态动词的用法，Can在此句中是用来表示某种不满的情绪，意思为“你怎么能够说”句意：如果你只读了这篇文章的一部分，你怎么能说你真正理解了整个故事呢？19. D 该题考查情态动词的用法。“He likes driving his car.”是题目的关键，由此可推知他有可能不乘坐火车，may表示可能，符合原句的上下文意思。20.D 考查情态动词的用法。shall用于二、三人称，要重读，不可缩写，表示意图、意志、允诺、命令或必然结果等。意为：必须，应，可。句意：据宣布，考生在收卷前必须坐在自己的座位上。21.B 考查虚拟语气，在宾语从

24、句是一个含有条件状语从句的主从复合句，其中主句叙述的是与现在事实相反的假设，从句则表示的是与过去事实相反的假设，因此B为正确答案。句意：如果我不在七岁的时候就迷恋上我们家乡的he Melinda Cox图书馆，我真不能想象我今天会做什么。22. B 该题考查与情态动词shouldnt have done的用法。shouldnt have done表示不该做而做了。从句意判断你不该一句话不说就走了，故选shouldnt have done结构。couldnt have left意为：不可能离开。题意：你真急死我了。你不该一句话也不说就离开家。23. D 该题考查情态动词的用法。应答语中的Im n

25、ot sure. (我不能肯定)，决定了下句不是很确定的推测，因此用might意思为：“可能，也许”。must (must+be/have等表示状态的动词)语气最强，意为“一定，想必，准是”。should接近ought to，意为：“应该会，想必会”，推断往往是对别人或别的事进行的。句意：“你来参加Jeff的聚会吗？”“我不敢肯定，我可能去参加音乐会。”24. B 该题考查情态动词的用法。据题意：“你留下来吃午饭好吗？”“对不起，我不能（留下来吃午饭），我兄弟要来看我。”该题的关键是：My brother is coming to see me.据此应用I cant 用来表示“不能”。must

26、nt 表示禁止，neednt 意思是没必要，wont将不，虽然用Will来提问，据题意不能用wont来回答。25. A该题考查情态动词不定式完成时的用法。情态动词不定式完成时表示对过去发生的事的 猜测和判断。对话双方一位说在纽约时住旅社，另一位听了颇感吃惊（Oh, did you?）说，“你本可住Barbara处”，而他没有住那儿，这要用“could+完成式不定式”来表示。句意：“我在纽约住在一家旅馆。”“是吗？你本可与巴巴拉住在一起的。”26. B 该题考查情态动词的用法，问句中顾客发出询问，问什么时候能取照片，明天要用。回答时A、B、C项似均可。但A项过于直白肯定，没留退路； C项作答案不

27、妥，might表示可能性用于现在时，表示对所推断的事情把握不大，本句中若使用might, 会使顾客很失望。选B项should，表示大致的推测，既回答了顾客的询问，不失礼貌，又为照片有可能尚未洗好，为顾客到时取不到留下回旋的余地。用词经过仔细推敲体现了店主的精明。句意：“我什么时候能取照片？明天12点前要用。”“明天12点前应该能冲好。”27. D 该题考查情态动词的用法。句中连接词but表示转折，由此推理“大火虽然蔓延很快，大家还是逃了出来。”，空白处为was able to，在肯定句中当某人具有某种能力而又使用了这种能力成功地做了某事用was/were able to而不用could。句意：

28、“虽然大火蔓延很快，使旅馆烧起来，但大家还是逃了出来”。28.B 该题考查情态动词的用法。第一个空格处填mustnt用于表达“制止”、“禁止”的口吻；第二个空格处用may表示“推测”，意思是“你可能会伤了自己”。句意：“杰克，你不许拿这刀子玩，那会伤着你。”29.D 该题考查与过去相反的虚假条件句的用法。从You didnt let me drive.可以看出是对过去的描述，根据与过去相反的虚假条件句结构，条件状语从句应用过去完成时态,主句中用 would/should/might/could have done的结构。故选D。句意：你没让我开车。如果我们轮流驾驶，你就不会感到这样疲劳了。30

29、. C 该题考查由as if 引导的让步状语从句和被动语态的用法。由as if 引导的让步状语从句的谓语动词应用虚拟语气，与现在相反的情况用过去时态；与过去相反的情况用过去完成时态。第一句话用了一般现在时态，因此as if 引导的让步状语从句的谓语动词应用过去时态，pencil 是break动作的承受者应用被动语态。句意：当你把一支铅笔的部分放在玻璃杯中，看上去她似乎是折断的。31.D 该题考查情态动词的时态及其辨析。从第一句用了过去时态来判断，这是表示对过去事实的推测。“情态动词不定式完成式”用来表示对“过去已发生行为”的推测。在否定句中，用cant或couldnt have done，所以

30、本题正确答案为D。句意：“车上本来已经有五人，但他们还是设法把我也带上.” “那次旅行不可能舒服”。32.C 该题考查情态动词的用法。根据关键词at any moment可判断此题情态动词应表示，“可能性、推测、推论”，惟should 可表示“推论”，译为“可能, 该”，所以选C。题意：“现在快要七点了，杰克随时会到。33.A 该题考查情态动词的用法。根据“Ive told him already”，所提供的信息来判断，没必要告诉约翰这件事了，应选neednt，neednt have done 表示没必要做而做了。句意： “咱们把这件事告诉John怎么样？” “你不必了。我已经把这件事告诉他了

31、。”34. C 该题考查与情态动词should have done的用法。从句意判断本应给她写出来而没给她写，故用should have done结构。句意：我和萨丽说了怎样来这里，或许我应该给她写清楚。35. D 该题考查与过去相反的虚假条件句的用法。从I didnt see your sister可以看出是对过去的描述，根据与过去相反的虚假条件句结构，应用过去完成时态。句意：我在会上没看见你姐姐。如果她来了，他会见到我弟弟的。第二节 考点归纳不同的时态（一般式、进形式、完成式、将来式），不同的语态（主动、被动），不同的语气（祈使、陈述、虚拟），不同的结构（肯定、否定、疑问），以及说话者本身的态度或刊发（命令、