小学英语全部知识点复习精华版.docx

1、小学英语全部知识点复习精华版英语复习小结一、名词：有可数名词和不可数名词。1、可数名词有单数、复数之分，名词复数形式的构成规则：(1) 一般在名词词尾加“s”如：teacherteachers egg-eggs (2) 以s, x, sh, ch结尾的名词加es 如class-classes box- boxes bus -buses watch-watches (3) 以辅音字母+y 的名词变y为i再加es如：story-stories library-libraries, dictionary-dictionaries hobby-hobbies(4) 以f, fe 结尾的名词，变f, f

2、e为v加es如：life -lives leaf -leaves half-halvesknife-knives wolf-wolves wife-wives(5) 以o结尾的名词“英雄芒果土豆西红柿”加es hero-heroes mango- mangoes potato- potatoes tomato- tomatoes 其余加s（目前所学的词） zoo-zoos kilo-kilos radioradios photo- photos piano- pianos (6)不规则名词单复数形式如： child children woman - women man -men foot-fe

3、et tooth-teeth有的可数名词单、复数形式相同，如 Japanese，Chinese，sheep, 如： I have one sheep. He has two sheep.2、不可数名词没有复数形式不可数名词有：(1)milk, water, juice, tea, ice;(2) food, rice, meat, fish, chicken, bread, cheese(3) paper, newspaper , hair, time, money, homework, housework不可数名词的数量常表示如下 two bottles of milk a cup of j

4、uice half a kilo of cheese a bag of rice three kilos of meat some water二、人称代词人称代词包括主格和宾格。主格在句中作主语，宾格用于动词或介词后作宾语。主格Iwe youhesheit they 宾格meusyouhimheritthem我我们你,你们他她它他们We are going to have a picnic. Let us go.I miss everyone in China. Who can help me?What is he doing? He is trying to get on the bus.

5、Look at him.She cant hear. This dog helps her.Tell me more about the Great Wall.三物主代词物主代词包括形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。形容词性物主代词后需跟名词，名词性物主代词后不用跟。名词性物主代词含义=形容词性物主代词+名词 的含义形容词性物主代词myouryourhisheritstheir名词性物主代词mineoursyourshishersitstheirs我的我们的你的，你们的他的她的它的他们的This is my book. = This book is mine.This is his bag.

6、= This bag is his.Your watch is old, but hers is new.Thanksgiving is my favourite festival.We say “Thank you” for our food, family and friends.四、疑问词who 谁 what 什么 when 什么时候 what time 几点where 哪里 why 为什么 how 怎样 how much 多少how many 多少 how old 多大 whose 谁的what colour 什么颜色 how long 多长1.对人物提问用 whoWho gave i

7、t to you? Simons family gave it to me.Who can help me? I can help you.2.对事物或做某事提问用 whatWhat do you want? I want a hot dog.What are you doing? I am reading a book.What are you going to study? Im going to study English.What are you going to do? Were going to walk around the lake.Whats it about? Its ab

8、out animals.3.对时间提问用 whenWhen are you going to eat? Were going to eat at half past twelve.When was he born? He was born in 1809.4.对点钟提问用 what timeWhat time is it? Its twelve.What time do you get up? I get up at six oclock.5.对地点提问用 whereWhere was he born? He was born in France.Where are you? I am on

9、the train.Wheres your mum? Shes at the supermarket.6.对原因提问用 whyWhy are you wearing a raincoat? Because its going to rain.7.对身体状况或方式提问用 howHow are you? Im fine.How are you going to go to school? Im going to go to school by bus.8.对价钱或不可数名词的数量提问用 how muchHow much is it? Its thirteen dollars and twenty-

10、five cents.How much milk do you want? I want two bottles of milk.9.对可数名词的数量提问用 how manyHow many books are there on the desk?There are three books on the desk.10.对年龄提问用 how oldHow old are you? Im twelve.11. 对“某人的”提问用 whoseWhose cap is this? Its Amys cap.Whose pen is that? Its his pen.12. 对颜色提问用 what

11、colourWhat colour is it? Its black.13. 对星期提问用 what dayWhat day is it today? Its Monday.14. How long is it? Its about six thousand seven hundred kilometers.特殊疑问句语序： 疑问词 + 一般疑问句语序？ 例：How do you go to school? 疑问词（做主语）+ 谓语动词+? 例：Who gave it to you?五时态1.一般过去时 表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。经常与表示过去的时间连用。如yesterday（昨

12、天）, last week（上周）, last month（上个月）, last year（去年）, two months ago（两个月前）等。构成：(1)肯定句：主语+动词过去式+ He made a video. 否定句：主语+didnt +动词原形+ He didnt make a video. 一般疑问句：Did +主语+动词原形+ .? Did he make a video? (2) be动词用was, were . 否定句在was, were后加not. 一般疑问句把was, were提前到句首。 She was born in America. She was not bor

13、n in America. Was she born in America?2. 现在进行时 表示现在正在进行的动作构成：主语+am /is / are+ 现在分词+ The birds are singing in the trees. 否定句在am /is / are后加not. The birds are not singing in the trees.一般疑问句把am /is / are提前到句首。Are the birds singing in the trees?3.一般将来时 表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态。经常与表示将来的时间连用。如tomorrow (明天), n

14、ext week（下周）, next year（明年）等。构成：(1) 主语+ will + 动词原形+ He will pick up the apples.否定句在will后加not. He will not pick up the apples.一般疑问句把will提前到句首。Will he pick up the apples?(2) 主语+ be going to + 动词原形+ We are going to study French.否定句在am /is / are后加not. We are not going to study French.一般疑问句把am /is / are

15、提前到句首。Are you going to study French?4. 一般现在时 表示经常性，习惯性的动作或存在的状态。构成：（1）主语+am /is / are+ 否定句在am /is / are后加not. 一般疑问句把am /is / are提前到句首。 Helen Keller is a model for blind people and for you and me. (2) 肯定句：主语+动词原形+ The ducks like it. 否定句：主语+dont +动词原形+ The ducks dont like it. 一般疑问句：Do +主语+动词原形+ .? Do

16、the ducks like it?(3) 肯定句：主语(三单)+动词第三人称单数形式+ He likes noodles. 否定句：主语+doesnt +动词原形+ He doesnt like noodles. 一般疑问句：Does +主语+动词原形+ .? Does he like noodles六动词过去式形式规则动词的过去式构成1.一般在动词词尾加ed 如： work - worked play-played watch- watched2.以e 结尾动词在词尾加d如： live - lived 3.以辅音字母 + y结尾的动词，把y变为i 再加ed如： study -studied

17、 copy-copied cry-cried carry-carried4.有些动词双写最后一个字母再加ed，如：stop -stopped drop- dropped5、不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强，须多加记忆。 动词原形 动词过去式 动词原形 动词过去式go went come came become became bring broughtsay said put putteach taught can could read read give gaveam/is was are were do did fly flew have had make maderun ran see s

18、aw ride rode win wonget got tell told eat ate send sent take took buy bought sit sat meet met write wrote draw drew swim swam fly flew rink drank give gave ring rang fall fell七动词ing形式也是现在分词形式现在分词的构成规则1.一般在动词词尾直接加“ing” sleep-sleeping look-looking wear-wearing send-sending eat-eating sing-singing go-g

19、oing jump-jumping play-playing2.以不发音的e结尾的动词要去掉e再加上“ing”write-writing come-coming ride-riding have-having make-making shine-shining take-taking close- closing3.有些动词双写最后一个字母再加“ing”get-getting put-putting sit-sitting run-running swim-swimming skip-skipping shop-shopping八动词第三人称单数形式 动词第三人称单数的构成规则1大多数动词在词

20、尾加“S”.stopstops makemakes readreads playplays say seisays sez2以辅音字母加“y”结尾的，要先将“y”变为“i”，然后在加“es” flyflies carrycarries studystudies worryworries 3以“s, x, sh，ch, o”结尾，在词尾加“es”. teachteaches watchwatches go goes do- does九、情态动词 can 过去式could 后加动词原形 I can write English. I can carry this bag. I can help yo

21、u.We can always be friends. Later she could read and write.否定句在can, could 后加notcan not = cant could not = couldntWe cant go now. I cant write Chinese. I cant carry everything. His friends cant hear him. She couldnt see and she couldnt hear. 一般疑问句把can, could提前到句首。 Can you swim? Yes, I can. / No, I ca

22、nt. Can you speak English? Can I write to your friends?Can you be my Chinese pen friend? Yes, of course.十反义词big- small long- short new- old tall- shortyoung- old heavy- light easy- hard/ difficultup- down early-late fat- thin white- blackcry- laugh different - same inside-outside hot-coldhappy-sad g

23、ood-bad clean-dirty bring-take this-that these-those always-never woman-man 十一、同音词for- four son- sun hour- our too- two right- write eye - I arent- aunt sent-centwhere- wear their- there by- buy see-sea十二.、近义词good- well study - learn 十三、缩写形式与完全形式I am = Im he is = hes she is = shes it is = its that i

24、s = thats what is = whats let us = lets we are = were they are = theyre you are= yourecan not= cant could not = couldnt should not = shouldnt will not = wont Ill = I will well = we willdo not = dont does not = doesnt did not = didntit has got = its got I have got = Ive gothave not = havent has not =

25、 hasntare not = arent is not = isnt十四、小学英语分类单词和词组天气：rain下雨 snow下雪 rainy有雨的 snowy有雪的 hot炎热的 cold 寒冷的 warm温暖的 cool凉爽的 windy有风的 sunny晴朗的 食物：hamburger汉堡 hot dog热狗 sandwich治 chip 薯条 chicken鸡肉 fish鱼肉 meat肉 noodles面条 rice大米 soup汤 cake蛋糕 bread面包 cheese奶酪 vegetable蔬菜 fruit水果 sausage香肠 biscuit饼干 sweets糖果 ice

26、cream冰激凌 peanut花生饮料：milk牛奶 tea茶 orange juice橙汁 coffee咖啡 cola可乐 water水 juice果汁颜色：red红色的 green绿色的 yellow黄色的 black黑色的 white白色的 orange橙色的 blue蓝色的 purple紫色的 pink粉红色的 星期：Monday星期一 Tuesday星期二 Wednesday星期三 Thursday星期四 Friday星期五 Saturday星期六 Sunday星期日月份：January一月 February二月 March三月 April四月 May五月 June六月 July七月

27、 August八月 September九月 October十月 November十一月 December十二月 季节：spring春天 summer夏天 autumn秋天 winter冬天数字：one一 two 二 three三 four四 five五 six六 seven七 eight八 nine九 ten十 eleven十一 twelve十二 thirteen十三 fourteen十四 fifteen十五 sixteen十六 seventeen十七 eighteen十八 nineteen十九 twenty二十 thirty三十 forty四十 fifty五十 sixty六十 seventy

28、七十 eighty八十 ninety九十 one hundred一百 one thousand 一千 one million 一百万衣服：T-shirt T恤衫 dress裙子 sweater毛衣 trousers裤子 skirt短裙 sock袜子 shoe鞋 coat 外套，上衣动物：cat猫 dog狗 monkey猴 panda熊猫 elephant大象 tiger老虎 lion狮子 pig猪 chameleon变色龙 snake蛇 mouse老鼠 bear熊 kangaroo袋鼠 frog青蛙 parrot鹦鹉 bird鸟 owl猫头鹰 camel骆驼家庭成员：grandmother奶奶

29、 grandfather爷爷 grandparents 祖父母mother妈妈 father爸爸 parents 父母亲 brother 兄弟 sister姐妹 uncle叔，伯，舅 aunt 阿姨 cousin表兄弟学科：Chinese语文 English 英语 Math数学 PE体育 Art艺术 Science科学 Physics物理 Chemistry化学 History历史 Geography地理 节日：Flag Day国旗日 Thanksgiving Day感恩节 Halloween万圣节 Easter Festival复活节 Christmas圣诞节Spring Festival春节 Lantern Festival元宵节 Dragon Boat Festival端午节 Mid-Autumn Festival中秋节名胜景点：Big Ben大本钟 the River Thames泰晤士河 Hyde Park海德公园 Tower Bridge塔桥 the London Bridge伦敦桥 the British Museum 大英博物馆 the London Eye 伦敦眼the Great Wall长城 the Summer Palace颐和园 the Changji