人教版丨八年级下册英语4单元词汇精讲附练习题及答案.docx

1、人教版丨八年级下册英语4单元词汇精讲附练习题及答案人教版丨八年级下册英语4单元词汇精讲（附练习题及答案）词汇讲解1. allowallow作动词，意为“允许”。用法如下：（1）allow sth.意为“允许某事的发生”。例如：I cant allow such a thing.我不允许发生这样的事。（2）allow doing sth.意为“允许做某事”。例如：We dont allow eating in the classrooms.我们不允许在教室吃饭。We dont allow smoking here.我们不允许在此抽烟。（3）allow sb. to do sth.意为“允许某人做

2、某事”。例如：Her father would not allow her to eat sweets. 她父亲不允许她吃糖果。They dont allow students to smoke in the classroom. 他们不允许学生在教室抽烟。（4）allow sb. sth. 意为“给予某人某物(尤指钱或时间)；让某人有(拥用或带有)某物”。例如：He allows his son too much money.他给他儿子的钱太多。Well allow you time to answer.我们将给你回答的时间。2. get on withget on意为“相处，进展”，也可用

3、get along，其后接介词with。get on with sb. 意为“与某人和睦相处/关系良好”；get on well/badly with sth. 意为“某事进展顺利/不好”。例如：He gets on (well) with his classmates.他和同学们相处融洽。How do you get on with your studies?你的学业进展如何？【拓展】get on 还有“上车”的意思，后面常接bus; train等表示交通工具的词；反义词为get off。例如：The old man got on/ off the bus slowly.那位老人慢慢地上/下

4、了公共汽车。3. argueargue作动词，意为“争论，争吵”。常用短语为：argue with sb. 与某人争吵argue about/on sth. 争辩某事argue for/against sth.为赞成/反对某事而辩论例如：Mrs. Brown argued with the waiter about the price of the meal.布朗夫人因为那顿饭的价格跟服务员争吵。Next class were arguing about family activities. 下节课我们辩论家庭活动。argue对应的名词为argument，常用词组为：have an argum

5、ent with sb. about/ on sth. 因某事与某人争论。例如：I had an argument with my best friend last week. 上星期我与我最好的朋友吵了一架。【拓展】argue与discuss的辨析：（1）argue着重于自己的看法、立场，提出论据，以理说服他人。There is no need arguing about the matter.不必就此事辩论了。（2）discuss重在交换意见，进行讨论，不含有说服对方的成分。例如：Were going to discuss the question.我们打算讨论这个问题。4. instea

6、dinstead作副词，意为“代替，而不是”，常用作状语。例如：He is tired. Let me go instead. 他累了，让我替他去吧。She never studies. Instead, she plays tennis all day. 她从不学习，而是整天打网球。【拓展】instead与instead of的辨析：（1）instead是副词，后面不接其他的词，一般情况下可不译出，通常放在句首或句末，在句首时常用逗号隔开，表示前面的事没做，而做了后面的事。例如：He didnt go to school. Instead, he went to the cinema. 他没

7、有去学校，相反他去了电影院。（2）instead of是介词短语，意为“代替，而不是”，后面可以跟与前面并列成分相应的名词、代词、动词-ing形式等作为介词宾语。例如：He went to the cinema instead of going to school. 他去了电影院而不是学校。5. offer（1）offer 作动词，意为“给予；提供；提出”。例如：He offered me 300 dollars for that old car.他出300美元向我买那辆旧车。Offer some coffee to the guests.给客人端些咖啡来。He offered me a cu

8、p of tea.他给了我一杯茶。（2）offer to do sth. 表示“愿意做某事；主动提出做某事”。例如： I offered to help my mother do housework.我主动提出帮助妈妈做家务。She offered to drive me to the station.她表示愿意开车送我去车站。6. explainexplain是动词，意为“解释，说明，阐明”。其用法如下：（1）explain sth. to sb.意为“向某人解释某事”。例如：Please explain that rule to me.请把这条规则给我讲一讲。（2）“explain (to

9、 sb.) + 疑问词 + 从句”意为“向某人解释”。例如: Please explain to me what this means.请向我解释这是什么意思。（3）“explain + that从句” 意为“解释”。例如：He explained that we could no longer stay.他解释说我们不能再待下去了。【注意】explain后面不能接双宾语，在接间接宾语sb.时，前面应加介词to，即explain sth. to sb.7. compare（1）compare作动词，意为“比较，对照”，常与with连用。例如：Compare your answers with

10、those at the back of the book to see if they are right.把你的答案同书后面的答案对照一下，看看是否正确。My handwriting can not be compared with my fathers.我的书法不能与我父亲的相比。If you compare the two books, you will see that this one is better.如果你比较一下这两本书，你会发现这一本好一些。（2）compare作动词，还用作比喻意义，意为“比作”。例如：Mans life is often compared to a c

11、andle.人生常被比为蜡烛。Shakespeare compared the world to a stage. 莎士比亚把人世比作舞台。8. pushpush作动词，意为“推动；挤；鞭策；督促”。例如：The little boy pushed the door open.小男孩把门推开了。We had to push our way through the crowd. 我们得从人群中挤过去。The math teacher really pushes his students. Thats why they dont like him that much.那位数学老师确实对学生们鞭策过

12、多了。这就是他们不那么喜欢他的原因。Youd better not push me for an answer to your request.你最好不要催促我答复你的请求。练一练：I. 英汉短语互译。1闲逛 _2归还 _3同意某人（的想法） _4与某人和睦相处 _5下次 _6too much _7work out _8cut out_9get into a fight _10play sports_II. 根据句意和首字母提示完成单词。1She is a _ (成员) of the golf club.2I want to know your o_ about the plan.3I thi

13、nk she must be _ (疯狂的).4Dont _ (推) the door.5Dont _(比较) me with others.6The radio says that the soldiers will c_ moving on.7This is a _ (典型的) case and let me explain it to you.8I cant go out with you because my mother doesnt a_ me to go out.9Your answer is not right. Its w_.10If you dont know the me

14、aning of the word, just try to g_ it.III. 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。1Dont give me too much _(press) . Im stressed out.21000 children entered the English _(compete)?3The government did a lot for the countrys _(develop).4I had an _(usual) experience last night. I didnt believe it at all.5The man is a _(skill) wo

15、rker and we should learn from him.【参考答案】I. 英汉短语互译。1. hang out2. give back3. agree with sb.4. get on with sb.5. next time6. 太多7. 解决；算出8. 删除；删去9. 争吵10. 做运动II. 根据句意和首字母提示完成单词。1. member 2. opinion 3. crazy 4. push 5. compare6. continue 7. typical 8. allow 9. wrong 10. guessIII. 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。1. pressure 2. competition 3. development 4. unusual 5. skilled