中国菜常用的烹调方法英文.docx

1、中国菜常用的烹调方法英文中国菜常用的烹调方法Cutting techniques：Slicing(片)Strapping (条)Dicing (切丁)Mincing (磨)Cutting into chunks (块)Quick-fry over high heat (爆)Steaming in a container (隔水炖)Stewing over medium, then high heat (烧)Precooking and then stewing (烩)Crisp frying with syrup (拔丝)Quick boiling (焯)stir-fry (炒), deep

2、fry (炸), shallow fry(煎), steam (蒸), stew/braise (炖，焖),boil(煮), roast/broil (烤), bake, smoke (熏), pickle (腌), barbecue (烧烤),重点记住基本的几个词汇就可以了：蒸煮炒炸煎常用调料：Pickly ash (花椒)Pepper salt (椒盐)Monosodium glutamate (简称M.S.G.)(味精)Chilli (辣椒)salt, oil, sugar, honey, soya sauce,oyster sauce, (tomato) ketchup, vinega

3、r,cumin powder(孜然), mustard, M.S.G., chicken essence, pepper/chilli, ginger(姜), garlic(蒜), shallot (葱), leek (韭)最后，给大家几道中国菜名翻译：其实规则很简单，就是烹饪方法+主料+配料+风味蛋炒饭stir-fried rice with egg凉拌黄瓜 fresh cucumber with bean sauce; mixed fresh cucumber醋溜土豆 potato with vinegar flavor糖醋排骨fried spareribs with sweet and

4、sour sauce红烧肉braised pork with soy sauce宫爆鸡丁stir-fried diced chicken with chili sauce and peanuts清蒸鱼steamed fish肉丝面noodles with slice pork中国特色菜：Aubergine(茄子)、DwarfBean(刀豆)、Chillies(辣椒)、Eddoes(小芋头)、Spinach(菠菜)、Beansprots(绿豆芽)、Springonions(葱)、Leeks(大葱)、Garlic(大蒜)、Ginger(生姜)、Co riander(香菜)、Greenbean(绿豆

5、)、RedBean(红豆)、Driedblackmushroom(冬菇)、Tigerlilybuds(金针菜)、Mu-er(木耳)、Cashewnuts(腰果)、Silknoodles(粉丝)、SeavegetableorSeaweed(海带)、Tofu(豆腐)、Driedfish(鱼干)。调料：Soysauce(酱油)、Vinger(醋)、Cornstarch(淀粉)、Sesameoil(麻油)、Oys tersauce(蚝油)、Pepper(胡椒)、Redchillipowder(辣椒粉)、Sesamepaste(芝麻酱)、Monosidumglutanate(味精)、Chinesered

6、pepper(花椒)、Saltblackbean(豆鼓)、Staranise(八角)、Brownsugar(砂糖，专用于泡奶茶或咖啡)、darkBrownSugar(红糖)、Custersugar(白砂糖)、RockSugar(冰糖)。面食：Longrice(长米，较硬，煮前需先浸泡1个小时)、Puddingriceorshortrice(短米，较软)、Brownrice(糙米)、THAIFragrantrice(泰国香米)、Glutinousrice(糯米)、flou(面粉)、Wholemealflour(小麦面粉)、Noodles(面条)、Instantnoodles(方便面)、Wantu

7、nskin(馄饨皮)。 FreshGradeBreast(鸡胸肉)、ChickenWings(鸡翅膀)、MincedSteak(碎肉)、SmokedBacon(熏肉)、PorkFillet(里脊肉)、SpareRibofPork(小排骨)、BlackPudding(黑香肠)、Hock(肘子)、StewingBeef(小块瘦肉)、RumpSteak(大块牛排)、TenderisedSteak(半成品牛排)、Cowhells(牛筋)。 在美国、加拿大以及北欧国家，海产品也是当地人饭桌上的主菜，下面是较符合东方人口味的海产品：Prawn(虾)、PeeledPrawns(虾仁)、KingPrawns(

8、大虾)、Shrimps(虾米)、Labster(龙虾)、Crab(螃蟹)、Crabstick(蟹肉条)、Squid(目鱼)、Dressedsquid(目鱼片)、Salmon(鲑鱼)、Cod(鳕鱼)、Plaice(比目鱼)、Carp(鲤鱼)、Oyster(牡蛎)。维生素对健康非常重要，因此蔬菜在留学生的一日三餐中必不可少：Potato(马铃薯)、Carrot(胡萝卜)、Mooli(白萝卜)、Onion(洋葱)、Celery(西芹)、WhiteCabbage(包心菜)、Cucumber(大黄瓜)、Tomato(蕃茄)、Sweetcorn(玉米)、GreenPepper(青椒)、Redpepper(

9、红辣椒)。Allspice- 香辣椒， 多香果，牙买加胡椒Anise (star anise)- 大茴香，八角，大料Aniseed - 大茴香子Basil - 罗勒，紫苏，九层塔Bay leaf- 香叶，月桂树叶Caper- 马槟榔Caraway - 藏茴香果，葛缕子，页蒿Cardamom - 小豆蔻Cayenne pepper- 辣椒，牛角椒Chive - 细香葱， 虾夷葱Cinnamon - 肉桂Clove- 丁香Coriander- 芫 荽 ，香菜， 胡芫Cumin- 孜然，小茴香，枯茗Dill - 莳萝Fennel- 茴香Fenugreek - 胡芦巴Hop- 忽布，啤酒花Horser

10、adish- 山葵，辣根Laurel- 月桂Mint- 薄荷Mustard- 芥末Nutmeg- 肉豆蔻Oregano- 牛至Paprika- 红辣椒粉Parsley - 欧芹，洋芫荽 洋香菜Poppy seed - 罂粟种子Rosemary - 迷迭香Saffron - 藏红花，番红花Sage- 鼠尾草，洋苏草Tarragon- 龙 蒿， 蛇蒿， 菌陈蒿Thyme - 百里香，麝香草Turmeric - 姜黄vanilla - 香草，香子兰Wormwood - 苦艾，蒿烹饪词汇烹饪：culinaryart美食节：gourmetfestival色香味形俱权全perfectcombination

11、ofcolor,aroma,tasteandappearance四大菜系：fourmajorChinesecuisines山东菜：Shandongcuisine川菜：Sichuancuisine粤菜：Guangdong/Cantoncuisine扬州菜：Yangzhoucuisine南淡北咸：thelightsoutherncuisineandthesaltynortherncuisine或者thelightflavorinthesouth,thesaltyflavorinthenorth.东甜西辣：thesweeteasterncuisineandthespicywesterncuisine

12、或者thesweetflavorintheeastandthespicyflavorinthewest白斩鸡：tenderboiledchicken臭豆腐：odd-odourbeancurd风味小吃：localdelicacy快餐：snack火锅：hotpot价格低廉的餐馆：greasyspoon（美国俚语）结账、买单：footthebill家常便饭：potluck用于打包带走的食品袋：doggybag（美国俚语）刀切火候词汇刀切：cuttingandslicingtechniques火候：heatcontrol切片：slicing切条：cuttingtostrips切丝：shredding切

13、柳：filleting切丁：dicing切碎：mincing磨碎：grinding大火/旺火/武火：strongheat中火：mediumheat小火/微火/文火：gentleheat烹饪方法词汇烹饪方法：cookingtechniques煎：pan-frying炒：stir-frying爆：quick-frying炸：deep-frying烩：stewing熏：smoking煨：simmering煮：boiling烘：baking烤：roasting蒸：steaming红烧：braising(withsoysauce)涮羊肉：dip-boiledmuttonslices酒类词汇啤酒：beer

14、洋酒：wine黄酒：yellowricewine烈酒：spirit,(strong)liquor白酒：whiteliquor红酒：redwine鸡尾酒：cocktail酒类：liquor/alcoholCulinaryArts烹饪术 culinary烹饪的 cookery烹调法 cuisine菜色 boiled（用水）煮的 roasted烤的（如肉类） broiled烧烤 braisedwithsoysauce红烧的 shallow-fried煎的 deep-fried炒的 stir-fried炸的 stewed炖的 simmered文火炖的，煨的 scalded嫩煮的 toasted烤的（如

15、面包）grilled铁扒烤的 baked烘的 braised焖，（用文火）炖 smoked熏的 basted在（烤肉）上溜油 cookeddone煮熟的 well-done熟透的 underdone半生不熟的 burnt烧焦了的 carved切好的 ground磨碎的 minced切成末的 mashed捣烂的 dried干的 iced冰镇的 frozen冰冻的 raw生的，未煮的fresh新鲜的 stale陈腐的，变坏了的；（酒）走了味的 broil,grill烧烤 roast烤 bake烘 shell剥,剥皮 boil煮 fry煎 deep-fry炸 steam蒸 peel削,削皮 slic

16、e切片 grate磨 beat打 knead和toss拌 mash捣,捣成泥 drain捞 chop切碎 shred切丝 dice切丁refrigerator-freezer, fridge-freezer 冰箱 fruit and vegetable juice extractor 果汁机 food processor 食品加工机 bottle cap opener 瓶盖启子 whistling kettle 鸣笛水壶 draining board 沥水板 dishwasher 洗碗机 microwave 微波炉 corkscrew 开塞钻 kettle 水壶 whistle 鸣笛 teap

17、ot 茶壶 toaster 烤箱 cooker 灶 blender 搅拌机 pot 锅 stew pot 炖锅 cover, lid 锅盖 handle 锅耳 frying pan 煎锅 handle 锅把 pressure cooker 压力锅 pressure valve 压力阀 wok 炒勺 electric wok 电炒勺 ladle 勺 rolling pin 擀面杖 boil 煮 fry 煎鸡蛋 deep-fry 炸 steam 蒸 broil, grill 烧烤 roast 烤 bake 烘 shell 剥,剥皮 peel 削,削皮 slice 切片 chop 切碎 shred

18、切丝 dice 切丁 grate 磨 beat 打 knead 和 toss 拌 mash 捣,捣成泥 sift 筛 drain 捞 中式早點烧饼Clay oven rolls油条Fried bread stick韭菜盒Fried leek dumplings水饺Boiled dumplings蒸饺Steamed dumplings馒头Steamed buns割包Steamed sandwich饭团Rice and vegetable roll蛋饼Egg cakes皮蛋100-year egg咸鸭蛋Salted duck egg豆浆Soybean milk饭 类稀饭Rice porridge白

19、饭Plain white rice油饭Glutinous oil rice糯米饭Glutinous rice卤肉饭Braised pork rice蛋炒饭Fried rice with egg地瓜粥Sweet potato congee面 类馄饨面Wonton & noodles刀削面Sliced noodles麻辣面Spicy hot noodles麻酱面Sesame paste noodles鴨肉面Duck with noodles鱔魚面Eel noodles乌龙面Seafood noodles榨菜肉丝面Pork , pickled mustard green noodles牡蛎细面Oys

20、ter thin noodles板条Flat noodles米粉Rice noodles炒米粉Fried rice noodles冬粉Green bean noodle汤 类鱼丸汤Fish ball soup貢丸汤Meat ball soup蛋花汤Egg & vegetable soup蛤蜊汤Clams soup牡蛎汤Oyster soup紫菜汤Seaweed soup酸辣汤Sweet & sour soup馄饨汤Wonton soup猪肠汤Pork intestine soup肉羹汤Pork thick soup鱿鱼汤Squid soup花枝羹Squid thick soup甜点爱玉Vege

21、tarian gelatin糖葫芦Tomatoes on sticks长寿桃Longevity Peaches芝麻球Glutinous rice sesame balls麻花Hemp flowers双胞胎Horse hooves冰类绵绵冰Mein mein ice麦角冰Oatmeal ice地瓜冰Sweet potato ice紅豆牛奶冰Red bean with milk ice八宝冰Eight treasures ice豆花Tofu pudding果汁甘蔗汁Sugar cane juice酸梅汁Plum juice杨桃汁Star fruit juice青草茶Herb juice点 心牡蛎煎

22、Oyster omelet臭豆腐Stinky tofu (Smelly tofu)油豆腐Oily bean curd麻辣豆腐Spicy hot bean curd虾片Prawn cracker虾球Shrimp balls春卷Spring rolls蛋卷Chicken rolls碗糕Salty rice pudding筒仔米糕Rice tube pudding红豆糕Red bean cake绿豆糕Bean paste cake糯米糕Glutinous rice cakes萝卜糕Fried white radish patty芋头糕Taro cake肉圆Taiwanese Meatballs水晶饺

23、Pyramid dumplings肉丸Rice-meat dumplings豆干Dried tofu其 他当归鸭Angelica duck槟榔Betel nut火锅Hot pot 水果 almond杏仁 apple苹果 apple core苹果核 apple juice苹果汁 apple skin苹果皮 apricot杏子 apricot flesh杏肉 apricot pit杏核 areca nut槟榔子 banana香蕉 banana skin香蕉皮 bargain price廉价 beechnut山毛榉坚果 Beijing flowering crab海棠果 bitter苦的 bitte

24、rness苦味 bitter orange酸橙 blackberry黑莓 canned fruit罐头水果 carambola杨桃 cherry樱桃 cherry pit樱桃核 cherry pulp樱桃肉 chestnut栗子 Chinese chestnut板栗 Chinese date枣 Chinese gooseberry猕猴桃 Chinese walnut山核桃 coconut椰子 coconut milk椰奶 coconut water椰子汁 cold storage冷藏 cold store冷藏库 crisp脆的 cumquat金桔 damson plum西洋李子 Dangsha

25、n pear砀山梨 date枣 date pit枣核 decayed fruit烂果 downy pitch毛桃 dry fruit干果 duke公爵樱桃 early-maturing早熟的 fig无花果 filbert榛子 first class一等地，甲等的 flat peach蟠桃 flavour味道 flesh果肉 flesh fruit肉质果 fresh新鲜的 fresh litchi鲜荔枝 fruiterer水果商 fruit in bags袋装水果 fruit knife水果刀 fruits of the season应时水果 gingko白果，银杏 give full weig

26、h分量准足 give short weight短斤缺两 grape葡萄 grape juice葡萄汁 grape skin葡萄皮 grapestone葡萄核 greengage青梅 Hami melon哈密瓜 Hard坚硬的 haw山楂果 hawthorn山楂 hazel榛子 honey peach水蜜桃 in season应时的 juicy多汁的 juicy peach水蜜桃 jujube枣 kernel仁 kumquat金桔 late-maturing晚熟的 lemon柠檬 litchi荔枝 litchi rind荔枝皮 longan桂圆，龙眼 longan pulp桂圆肉，龙眼肉 log

27、uat枇杷 mandarine柑桔 mango芒果 mature成熟的 morello黑樱桃 muskmelon香瓜，甜瓜 navel orange脐橙 nut坚果 nut meat坚果仁 nut shell坚果壳 oleaster沙枣 olive橄榄 orange柑桔 orange peel柑桔皮 papaya木瓜 peach桃子 pear梨 perishable易腐烂的 pineapple菠萝 plum李子 plumcot李杏 pomegranate石榴 pomelo柚子，文旦 red bayberry杨梅 reduced price处理价 ripe成熟的 rotten fruit烂果 s