经济类英语专业词汇doc.docx

1、经济类英语专业词汇doc经济类英语专业词汇常用经济类词汇：economist 经济学家socialist economy社会主义经济capitalist economy资本主义经济collective economy集体经济planned economy计划经济controlled economy管制经济rural economics农村经济liberal economy自由经济mixed economy混合经济political economy政治经济学protectionism 保护主义autarchy 闭关自守primary sector 初级成分private sector 私营成分

2、, 私营部门public sector 公共部门 ,公共成分economic channels 经济渠道economic balance 经济平衡economic fluctuation 经济波动economic depression 经济衰退economic stability 经济稳定economic policy 经济政策economic recovery经济复原understanding约定concentration集中holding company控股公司trust 托拉斯cartel卡特尔rate of growth增长economic trend经济趋势economic situ

3、ation经济形势infrastructure基本建设standard of living生活标准 ,生活水平purchasing power, buying power购买力scarcity短缺stagnation 停滞,萧条,不景气underdevelopment 不发达underdeveloped 不发达的developing 发展中的initial capital 创办资本frozen capital 冻结资金frozen assets 冻结资产fixed assets 固定资产real estate 不动产 ,房地产circulating capital, working capit

4、al 流动资本available capital 可用资产capital goods 资本货物reserve 预备金 , 储备金calling up of capital 催缴资本allocation of funds 资金分配contribution of funds 资金捐献working capital fund 周转基金revolving fund 循环基金 , 周转性基金contingency fund 意外开支 ,预备金reserve fund 预备金buffer fund 缓冲基金 ,平准基金sinking fund 偿债基金investment 投资 ,资产investor 投

5、资人self-financing 自筹经费 ,经费自给bank 银行current account 经常帐户 ( 美作 :checking account)current-account holder 支票帐户 ( 美作 :checking-account holder)cheque 支票 (美作 :check)bearer cheque, cheque payable to bearer 无记名支票 ,来人支票crossed cheque 划线支票travellers cheque 旅行支票chequebook 支票簿 ,支票本 (美作 :checkbook)endorsement 背书tr

6、ansfer 转让 ,转帐,过户money货币issue发行ready money现钱cash现金ready money business, no credit given现金交易 ,概不赊欠change零钱banknote, note钞票 , 纸币 ( 美作 :bill)to pay (in) cash付现金domestic currency, local currency本国货币convertibility可兑换性convertible currencies可自由兑换货币exchange rate汇率 ,兑换率foreign exchange外汇floating exchange rate

7、浮动汇率free exchange rates自由汇兑市场foreign exchange certificate外汇兑换券hard currency硬通货speculation 投机saving 储装,存款depreciation 减价 ,贬值devaluation ( 货币 ) 贬值revaluation 重估价runaway inflation 无法控制的通货膨胀deflation 通货紧缩capital flight 资本外逃securities business 证券市场stock exchange 股票市场stock exchange corporation 证券交易所stock

8、exchange 证券交易所 ,股票交易所quotation 报价,牌价share 股份 ,股票shareholder, stockholder 股票持有人 , 股东dividend 股息 ,红利cash dividend 现金配股stock investment 股票投资investment trust 投资信托stock-jobber 股票经纪人stock company, stock brokerage firm 证券公司securities 有价证券share, common stock 普通股preference stock 优先股income gain 股利收入issue 发行股票

9、par value 股面价格 , 票面价格bull 买手, 多头bear卖手 ,空头assigned过户opening price开盘closing price收盘hard times低潮business recession景气衰退doldrums景气停滞dull盘整ease松弛raising limit 涨停板break 暴跌bond, debenture 债券Wall Street 华尔街short term loan 短期贷款long term loan 长期贷款medium term loan 中期贷款lender 债权人creditor 债权人debtor 债务人 ,借方borrow

10、er 借方 , 借款人borrowing 借款interest 利息rate of interest 利率discount 贴现 ,折扣rediscount 再贴现annuity 年金maturity 到期日 ,偿还日amortization 摊销 ,摊还 ,分期偿付redemption 偿还insurance 保险mortgage 抵押allotment 拨款short term credit 短期信贷consolidated debt 合并债务funded debt 固定债务 ,长期债务floating debt 流动债务drawing 提款,提存aid 援助allowance, gran

11、t, subsidy 补贴 ,补助金 , 津贴cost 成本 ,费用expenditure, outgoings 开支 , 支出fixed costs 固定成本overhead costs 营业间接成本overheads 杂项开支 ,间接成本operating costs生产费用 , 营业成本operating expenses营业费用running expenses日常费用 ,经营费用miscellaneous costs杂项费用overhead expenses间接费用 , 治理费用upkeep costs, maintenance costs维修费用 , 养护费用transport co

12、sts运输费用social charges社会负担费用contingent expenses, contingencies或有费用apportionment of expenses分摊费用income 收入 ,收益earnings 利润 ,收益gross income, gross earnings 总收入 ,总收益gross profit, gross benefit 毛利 , 总利润 , 利益毛额net income 纯收益 ,净收入 , 收益净额average income 平均收入national income 国民收入profitability, profit earning cap

13、acity 利润率 , 赢利率yield 产量收益 ,收益率increase in value, appreciation 增值 ,升值duty 税taxation system 税制taxation 征税 ,纳税fiscal charges 财务税收progressive taxation 累进税制graduated tax 累进税value added tax 增值税income tax 所得税land tax 地租 , 地价税excise tax 特许权税basis of assessment 估税标准taxable income 须纳税的收入fiscality 检查tax-free 免

14、税的tax exemption 免税taxpayer 纳税人tax collector 收税员国民生产总值 GNP (Gross National Product)人均国民生产总值 per capita GNP产值 output value鼓励 give incentive to投入 input宏观控制 exercise macro-control优化经济结构 optimize the economic structure输入活力 bring vigor into改善经济环境 improve economic environment整顿经济秩序 rectify economic order有效

15、地控制通货膨胀 effectively control inflation非公有成分 non-public sectors主要成分 dominant sector实在的 tangible全体会议 plenary session解放生产力 liberate/unshackle/release the productive forces引入歧途 lead one to a blind alley举措 move实事求是 seek truth from facts引进、输入 importation和平演变 peaceful evolution试一下 have a go (at sth.)精华、精粹、实

16、质 quintessence家庭联产责任承包制 family-contract responsibility system搞活企业 invigorate enterprises商品经济 commodity economy基石 cornerstone零售 retail发电量 electric energy production有色金属 nonferrous metals人均收入 per capita income使负担 be saddled with营业发达的公司 going concerns被兼并或挤掉 annexed or forced out of business善于接受的 recept

17、ive增额、增值、增长 increment发展过快 excessive growth抽样调查 data from the sample survey扣除物价上涨部分 price increase are deducted(excluded)实际增长率 actual growth rate国际收支 international balance of payments流通制度 circulation system总工资 total wages分配形式 forms of distribution风险资金 risk funds治理不善 poor management农业 farming林业 forest

18、ry畜牧业 animal husbandry副业 sideline production渔业 fishing第一产业 primary industry第二产业 secondary industry第三产业 tertiary industry生产资料 means of production生活资料 means of livelihood/subsistence生产关系 relations of production生产力 productive forces公有制 public ownership私有制 private ownership全民所有制 ownership by the entire/

19、whole people社会主义集体所有制 socialist collective ownership厉行节约，反对浪费 to practice strict economy and combat waste外资企业 foreign-funded enterprise合资企业 joint venture合作企业 cooperative enterprise独资企业 wholly foreign owned/funded enterprise一个中心、两个基本点 one central task and two basic points资本主义和社会主义并不是以计划经济和市场的多少来划分的。S

20、ocialism and capitalism are not distinguished by theproportion of planned and market economy.初步建立社会主义计划商品经济新体制。to establish at a preliminary level a new system of socialistplanned commodity economy.work/needs.经济结构改革。reform in economic structure剩余劳动力。surplus labor经营机制operative mechanism发挥市场的调节作用to gi

21、ve play to the regulatory role of the market经济和法律的杠杆economic and legal leverages经济计划和市场调节相结合to combine economic planning with market regulation计划经济和市场调节相结合的机制a mechanism that combines planned economy and marketregulationChina Council for the Promotion of International Trade, C.C.P.I.T.中国国际贸易促进委员会Nat

22、ional Council for US-China Trade美中贸易全国理事会Japan-China Economic Association日中经济协会Association for the Promotion of International Trade,Japan日本国际贸易促进会British Council for the Promotion of International Trade英国国际贸易促进委员会International Chamber of Commerce国际商会International Union of Marine Insurance国际海洋运输保险协会I

23、nternational Alumina Association国际铝矾土协会Universal Postal Union, UPU万国邮政联盟Customs Co-operation Council, CCC关税合作理事会United Nations Trade and Development Board联合国贸易与发展理事会Organization for Economic cooperation and Development, DECD经济合作与开发组织European Economic Community, EEC, European CommonMarket 欧洲经济共同体Euro

24、pean Free Trade Association, EFTA 欧洲自由贸易联盟European Free Trade Area, EFTA 欧洲自由贸易区Council for Mutual Economic Aid, CMEA 经济互助委员会Eurogroup 欧洲集团Group of Ten 十国集团Committee of Twenty(Paris Club) 二十国委员会Coordinating Committee, COCOM 巴黎统筹委员会Caribbean Common Market, CCM, Caribbean Free-TradeAssociation, CARIFT

25、A加勒比共同市场（加勒比自由贸易同盟）Andeans Common Market, ACM, Andeans Treaty Organization,ATO 安第斯共同市场Latin American Free Trade Association, LAFTA 拉丁美洲自由贸易联盟Central American Common Market, CACM 中美洲共同市场African and Malagasy Common Organization, OCAM 非洲与马尔加什共同组织East African Common Market, EACM 东非共同市场Central African Cu

26、stoms and Economic Union, CEUCA 中非关税经济同盟West African Economic Community, WAEC 西非经济共同体英语教学常用的句子：1. 上课 (Beginning a class)(1) Let s start now. / Let s begin our class / lesson .(2)Stand up, please.(3)Sit down, please.2. 问候 (Greeting)(4)Hello, boys and girls / children .(5)Good morning, class / everyon

27、e / everybody / children / boys and girls.(6)Good afternoon, class / everyone / everybody / children / boys and girls.(7)How are you today?3. 考勤 (Checking attendance)(8) Who s on duty today? / Who s helping this mornin g / today?(9)Is everyone / everybody here / present?(10)Is anyone away? / Is anybody away?(11)Is anyone absent? / Is anybody absent?(12)Who s absent? / Who s away?(13)Where is he