九年级英语复习名词.docx

1、九年级英语复习名词学习好资料 欢迎下载 2013年九年级英语复习名词 综合各省六年来中考考点，不难发现丢名词的考查主要集中在以下几个方面考点一 名词释义 所谓名词释义就是对名词词汇量的考查，要求考生根据题干，准确把握每个名词的具体含义。对此考点的突破要求考生必须有一定的词汇量，考生认识词义此题迎刃而解；考生不认识则也无捷径可寻。 考点二 名词可数于不可数及单复数形式的拼写 一、名词的分类 名 词类别 意义 例词 专有名词 表示具体的人名、事物、国家、 地名、机构、团体等的专有名称Jim , China, Qingdao, the UK, the Great Wall 普通名词 可数 名 词 个

2、体名词 表示单个人的人或事物 girl, student, factory, desk, cat , country 集合名词 表示一群人或一些事物的总称 group, clothes, people, police, team, crew 不 可 数 名 词 物质名词 表示无法分为个体的物质 water, ice, pork, cheese, cotton, broccoli 抽象名词 表示抽象概念的词 fun, health, happiness, courage, love, care 注：1.专有名词是指人、地方、团体、机构等特有的名称。第一个字母必须大写。专有名词前一般不加冠词。如B

3、eijing University 2、有普通名词构成的专有名词前要用定冠词“the”，但它不大写。如 the Great Wall 3、有些不可数名词有时表示为具体的东西时，则变为可数名词，而且意思上也有了变化。eg. beer -a beer 一杯啤酒， work- a work 工厂，著作，glass-a glass 一个玻璃杯， room空间-a room一个房间 二、名词的数：表示可以计算数目的人或物称为可数名词。 1、可数名词有单、复数两种形式：可数名词的单数形式要在名词前加 “a或an”；复数形式是在名词后加 “-s或-es”。名词复数形式有规则变化和不规则变化两种，规则变化及其

4、读音可依照下表： 当名词为： 词尾变化 读音 例词 一般情况 加s 在清辅音后读/s/ chips, jeeps, pats , clocks 在浊辅音或元音后读/z/ boys, sharpeners, sofas, drawers 以s,x,ch,sh结尾的单词 加es /iz/ watches, boxes, classes, brushes 以辅音字母+y结尾的单词 去y 变i加es /z/ dictionaries, strawberries, 以f 或fe结尾的单词 去f或fe 变v 加 es /vz/ leaves, wives, halves 2. 可数名词复数的不规则变化 1

5、）child-childrenfoot-feettooth-teethmouse-miceman-men woman-women注意：与 man 和 woman 构成的合成词，其复数形式也是 -men 和-women。 如： an Englishman，two Englishmen. 但German不是合成词，故复数形式为Germans；Bowman是姓，其复数是the Bowmans。 2）单复同形 如： deer，sheep，fish，Chinese，Japanese li，jin，yuan，two li，three mu，four jin但除人民币元、角、分外，美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数

6、形式。如: a dollar, two dollars; a meter, two meters 3）集体名词，以单数形式出现，但实为复数。 如：staff peoplepolicecattle 等本身就是复数，不能说a staff a people，a police，a cattle，但可以说a person，a policeman，a head of cattle, the English，the British，the French，the Chinese，the Japanese，the Swiss 等名词，表示国民总称时，作复数用。 如： The Chinese are indust

7、ries and brave. 中国人民是勤劳勇敢的 结尾，仍为单数的名词，如：s）以学习好资料 欢迎下载 a. maths，politics，physics等学科名词，为不可数名词，是单数。 b. news 是不可数名词。 c. the United States，the United Nations 应视为单数。 The United Nations was organized in 1945. 联合国是1945年组建起来的。 d. 以复数形式出现的书名，剧名，报纸，杂志名，也可视为单数。 The Arabian Nights is a very interesting story-boo

8、k. 是一本非常有趣的故事书。 考点三 名词作定语 名词作定语一般用单数，但也有以下例外。 1) 用复数作定语。如：sports meeting 运动会 students reading-room 学生阅览室 2) man, woman, gentleman等作定语时，其单复数以所修饰的名词的单复数而定。 如：men workerswomen teachers3) 有些原有s结尾的名词，作定语时，s保留。 如：goods train (货车)clothes brush衣刷 4) 数词+名词作定语时，这个名词一般保留单数形式。 如：two-dozen eggs 两打/（二十四个鸡蛋) a ten

9、-mile walk 十里路 two-hundred trees 两百棵树 a five-year plan 一个五年计划 5) 表示由两部分构成的东西，如：glasses (眼镜)trousers,clothes 若表达具体数目，要借助数量词 pair(对，双);suit(套); a pair of glasses; two pairs of trousers 6）另外还有一些名词，其复数形式有时可表示特别意思，如：goods货物，waters水域，fishes（各种）鱼 3. 不可数名词：表示不能计算数目的人或物，称为不可数名词。他们前面不能用a/an,没有复数形式。物质名词和抽象名词都属

10、于不可数名词。不可数名词一般只有单数形式, 但有其特殊用法: (1) 同一个词,变成复数形式, 意义不同。eg. food 食物- foods 各种食物， time 时间 - times 时代，green 绿色 -greens 青菜 (2) 有些不可数名词用复数代指具体的事物eg. hope -hopes 希望 hardship - hardships 艰苦 (3) 物质名词在表示数量时,常用某个量词+of来表示 eg. a cup of tea, seven pieces of bread, several bags of rice, 考点四名词的所有格 名词的所有格是表示名词之间的所有关系

11、,有两种表示形式, 一种是在名词后+s；另一种是用of, 表示 “的”。 在英语中有些名词可以加s来表示所有或所属关系，带这种词尾的名词形式称为该名词的所有格，如：a teachers book。名词所有格的规则如下： 1）表示有生命的东西（人或动物）的名词所有格一般在名词后加s。 my fathers study 我父亲的书房 a. 以s或es结尾的名词的所有格只在名词后加“ ”。the teachers reading room 教员阅览室 b. 不以s结尾的复数名词的所有格要加 s。the womens dress c. 如果一样东西为两人共有，则只在后一个名词的后面加s 。如果不是共有

12、的，则两个名词之后都要加s。Jane and Helens room 珍妮和海伦的房间（共有） Bills and Toms radios 比尔的收音机和汤姆的收音机（不共有） f. 有些指时间，距离，国家，城镇的无生命名词也可加 s 表示所有格。 half an hours class 半个小时的课 Chinas industry 中国的工业 twenty minutes walk 二十分钟的路程 Burns poems 彭斯的 2）表示无生命东西的名词一般与of构成词组，表示所有关系。 the cover of the book 书的封面the contents of the story故

13、事的内容 3）指有生命的名词有时也可以用of词组表示所有格。 a. 如果名词较长。the story of Dr. Norman Bethune 白求恩的故事 b. 如果名词的定语较长，就只能用of词组来表示所有关系。 Do you know the name of the boy standing at the gate? 你知道站在大门旁的那个男孩的名字吗？ 4）“of+ 词组+所有格 ”（双重所有格）的用法：在表示所属物的名词前有冠词，数词，不定代词或指示代词（如: a, two, some, this, that, these,those等）时，常用“of+ 词组+所有格 ”的形式来表

14、示所有关系。 a friend of my fathers = ( one of my fathers friends) 我父亲的一个朋友 a picture of his uncles 他叔叔的一张照片（他叔叔所有照片中的一张，但不一定是他本人的照片。试比较：a picture of his uncle 他叔叔本人的一张照片。） that novel of her little brothers 她弟弟的那本小说 学习好资料 欢迎下载 练习：（三年经典）2010-2012全国各地中考英语试题精选：名词 【2010福建晋江】32. Lily has a silk _. Listen, she

15、is singing in the next room! How nice! A. look B. noise C. voice 【2010黑龙江鸡西】21. How many _can you see in the picture? Only one.A. dog B. sheep C. child 【2010安徽省卷】39. Could you tell me something about the boy who helped you just now? Sorry, I know nothing about him. We are_. A. friends B. neighbors C

16、. classmates D. strangers 【2010河北省卷】28. I dont think looking after children is just _ work. A. woman B. womans C. women D. womens 【2010湖南?娄底】 Its said that you have moved into a new house. Yeah, and we need to buy some _ in the mall nearby. A. food B. furniture C. hamburger 【2010四川?内江】 Well, you loo

17、k so happy! Because I got a good _. A. work B. news C. job 【2010四川?内江】_ mothers cant go to the meeting , because they have gone to New York on business . A. Alice and Lilys B. Alices and Lilys C. Alices and Lily 【2010四川?宜宾】When I was a student, I liked to sit in the front of the classroom so that I

18、could see the words more clearly on the _. A. blackboard B. desk C. dictionary D. postcard 【2010重庆】22. Something is wrong with my _. I cant see anything around me. A. nose B. ears C. eyes D. mouth 【2010浙江?义乌】17. The land in the southwest of China is in great need of _. Yes, it hasnt rained for a lon

19、g time there. A. milk B. tea C. coffee D. water 【2010浙江东阳】17. I saw many _ eating grass on the hill. A. horse B. cow C. rabbit D. sheep 【2010黑龙江鸡西】35. Which is the mascot of Shanghai Exposition (世界博览会)? C A B _ walk. Its about twoHow far is your home from school? 2010四川广安】26. 【 C. hoursA. hoursB. ho

20、urs 沈阳】10.Im not sure about the meaning of the word. Youd better look it up in a _ 【2010辽宁notice postcard D Bdictionary CAletter ，I thinkWhose computer doesnt work? _ 15.【2010辽宁沈阳】Johns DCJohn BJohn does AJohn has Henry？Whats your job， 【2010湖北襄樊】26. Im very busy when people go out to dinnersIm a . I

21、 work late. D. nurse C. teacher A. waiter B. reporter . 东营】20. Its hot. Lets have some 【2010山东D. strawberries C. ice cream B. porridge A. wine Its about _ walk. 2010山东东营】24. How far is it from the railway station to the hotel? 【 D. ten minutes B. ten minutes C. ten minutes A. ten minutes esterday, h

22、e cant walk now.齐齐哈尔】21. Bob hurt his _y【2010黑龙江C arm B leg A hand 一I think he should study harder than before南昌】36一What do you have _ for Paul?【2010江西information D Chelp Anews Badvice David has been away for more than 25 days黄冈】32一【2010湖北 25 days shortYou know， -I miss him very much arent D C are B

23、 Ais isnt 23. John wants to be a, so he often helps sick people in the hospital. 【2011陕西】D. cook C. scientist B. doctor A. reporter 38. Im so hungry. Please give me _ to eat 清远】【2011B three pieces of breadC. three pieces of breadsD three piece of bread A. three bread 30. Cici enjoys dancing. Its one

24、 of her.A. prize B. prizes C. hobby D. hobbies 】【河北省201123.1 have some problems with my English writing. Can you give me some_? 河南省】【2011?D. messages C. information A. advice B. decisions 学习好资料 欢迎下载 【2011黑龙江绥化市】2. Toms watch is the same as his_.A. brother B. brothers C. brothers 【2011黑龙江绥化市】3. She l

25、ikes_best of all the vegetables, A. potatoes B. eggs C. oranges 【2011内蒙古包头】 34. Dad, Ive got an “A” in the math exam. Great. And Im sure you will do better, because this is a good _. A. report B. result C. start D. skill 【2011四川德阳】 - Can I help you, sir? - Id like to have 100 _. I want my students t

26、o draw pictures. A. piece of paper B. pieces of paper C. pieces of papers 【2011?广西柳州】I bought an ice cream in the shop. A. river B. store C. home 【2011?广西柳州】Tony has many Chinese _. A. stamp B. stamps C. a stamp 【2011湖南湘潭】21. The_ of most trees will fall in autumn.A leaf B. leafs C. leaves 【2011哈尔滨】

27、21. Boys and gills, feeling peaceful is the first step to becomein the exam. So please take a deep breath and calm down.A. runnersB. winnersC. players 【2011四川达州】25.How manyteachers are there in your school? themover two hundred. A. woman; The number of; is B. women; The number of; is C. woman; A num

28、ber of; is D. women; A number of; are 【2011?四川广元】10.Our hospital needs two doctors, Mrs Li.You can ask your son to have a try. A. women B. man C. men 【2011四川宜宾】23. There are many _ playing on the playground. A. child B. children C. man teachers D. sheeps （2011四川资阳）16.There are so many _ over there.

29、Whats happening? Lets go to have a look. A. flower B. car C. child D. people 【2011天津】31. For my homework I have to write a(n)_ about the wonders of the world. A. music. B. picture. C. composition. D. exam (2011贵州毕节)22Hello! May I speak to Lucy，please?Sorry，Im afraid you have the wrong Away Bname Cnu

30、mber Dtelephone 【2011梧州】40. Please pick up the _. Dont keep it on the floor. A. paperB. boxes C. books D. bottles 【2011福建莆田】25. I want a_ to cut the big apple. Could you pass me one? Certainly, here you are.A. fork B. knife C. spoon 【2011广东深圳】4, Could you please tell me something about the two_? _. They arc exchange students of No. 1 Middle School. A. Frenchmen; Yes, pleas