高二英语下册第一单元知识点总结doc.docx

1、高二英语下册第一单元知识点总结doc高二英语下册第一单元知识点总结1. achievementn.C成就;功绩;U实现;完成;达到联想拓展achieve v.取得，实现achieve an aim/a goal达到目标achieve success 获得成功He received the Nobel Prize for his scientific achievements.他因科学上取得的成就而获得诺贝尔奖。Flying across the Atlantic for the first time was a great achievement. 首次飞越大西洋是一个伟大的功绩。高手过招完成

2、句子(原创)没有人民的支持，我们将一事无成。Without the support of the people we can .我只完成了我所希望完成的工作的一半。I have achieved only half of I hope to do.祝贺你获得这样完美的胜利。Congratulations to you (介词) such a complete victory.答案: achieve nothing what on achieving2. behavevi.举止，行为，表现;(机器等)工作，运转(常与well/badly等副词连用)vt.守规矩;举止有礼常用结构：behave o

3、neself 使某人自己举止规矩Behave yourself; dont make a fool of yourself.注意你的举止, 别闹出笑话来。How is your new car behaving? 你的新车性能如何?联想拓展behaviour n. (人的)言行举止，行为;(动物)习性，自学 成才behaviour towards/to. 对的态度/行为高手过招(1)单项填空David is quite well in school. He obeys the teachers and gets As in all his subjects.(200911山东潍坊检测)A. B

4、ehaved B. concernedC. Involved D. respected(2)完成句子 (原创)父母让孩子们在客人面前举止礼貌。The parents asked the children to in front of the guests.她对这个孩子的良好行为感到高兴。She is pleased with the childs .解析：(1) 选A。be well behaved为固定搭配，意为“表现优秀”，联系空后的内容可知,A项。(2) behave well good behaviour3. worthwhileadj.值得做的;值得的，可用作表语或定语，其后可加to

5、 do/doing。易混辨析worth/worthy/worthwhileworth 只能作表语，其后接钱数、名词或及物动词的动名词的主动形式: be worth doing。worthy可作表语，后接of+名词/动名词的被动形式/不定式的被动形式: be worthy of+n./being done / to be done; 也可作定语，表示“值得的;有价值的”。worthwhile可作表语或定语;a worthwhile job 一份值得做的工作。常用结构：it is worthwhile to do/doing做某事是值得的。a worthy winner 名副其实的赢家Buying

6、 the car at this price is not worthwhile.以这样的价格买车不值得。Is it worthwhile making/ to make such an effort?做这样的努力值得吗?高手过招(1)单项填空 (原创)It was the trouble to settle the problem.A. worth to take B. worthwhile takingC. worth being taken D. worth taking(2)选词填空 (worthwhile/worth/worthy) (原创)This vase was five hu

7、ndred francs at the most.Everybody has roots. It is to search for his roots.Their efforts are of your support.This book is well reading and it is of being read a second time.解析:(1) 选B。worthwhile后可以跟动名词也可以跟不定式，而worth后面只可以跟动名词的主动语态表达被动概念。(2) worth worthwhile worthy worth; worthy4. respectvt.尊敬;尊重n.敬意;

8、问候常用结构：pay/give ones respect to sb. 向某人致敬/问候have/show respect for sb. 尊敬某人respecting = with respect to关于;就而言in all respects = in every respect 无论从哪方面来看;在各方面We all should respect our parents and teachers.我们都应该尊敬我们的父母和老师。Mr Smith always show respect to his childrens opinions.史密斯先生总是很尊重孩子们的意见。In respec

9、t to the content, the article is very good,but it is not satisfactory in other aspects.就内容而言，这篇文章很好，但在其他方面还不能令人满意。联想拓展respectable adj. 值得尊敬的;正派的;高尚的respectful adj. 有礼貌的;恭敬的respective adj. 各自的;分别的respectively adv. 各自地;分别地Oneway fares for adults and children were $18 and $5 respectively.成人和儿童的单程车费分别为1

10、8美元和5美元。高手过招完成句子 (原创)请代我向你的父母致意。Please your parents.我们的班主任是位可敬的人，我们都很尊敬她。Our head teacher is a person, we all her.答案:give my respect torespectable; show/have respect for5. arguev.争论，辩论;说服;主张;认为常用结构：argue with sb. about/over sth. 就某事和某人争辩argue sb. into/out of doing=persuade sb. to/not to do=persuade

11、sb. into/out of doing 说服某人做/不做某事argue for/against 支持/反对联想拓展argument n. 论点;争论;论据settle an argument 解决争端beyond argument 无可争辩We argued that we should be paid more.我们据理力争自己应该得到更高的薪水。They are arguing with the officials over foreign policies.他们正就外交政策与官员们进行辩论。They argued the park into lowering the price.他们

12、说服公园降了价。高手过招完成句子 (原创)我们总是就金钱的问题而争论。We are always arguing each other money.他们说服我买了辆新的自行车。They argued me buying a new bike.他反对吸烟，而且坚持认为吸烟有害健康是无可争辩的事实。He argued smoking, and insisted that it was argument that smoking was harmful to health.答案: with; about/over into against;beyond6. inspirevt.鼓舞;激励;引发;赋予

13、灵感;激发His speech inspired us. 他的发言鼓舞了我们。The beautiful scenery inspired the composer.美丽的景色使作曲家文思泉涌。常用结构：inspire sb. to sth. 鼓励某人某事inspire sb. to do sth.鼓励某人做某事(=encourage sb. to do sth.)inspire sth. in sb.(=inspire sb. with sth.) 使某人产生;鼓励某人The father inspired his son with confidence.=The father inspir

14、ed confidence in his son.这位父亲鼓励儿子要自信。联想拓展inspiration n. 灵感;启发;鼓舞人的事或人inspired adj. 受到鼓舞的;有灵感的inspiring adj. 鼓舞人心的;激励的高手过招完成句子 (原创)老师的话使他产生了希望。The teachers words .=The teachers words .学生们都被这首振奋人心的歌曲所鼓舞。The students were all by the song.答案: inspired him with hope; inspired hope in him inspired; inspir

15、ing7. intendvt.专为而设计intend to do/doing 打算intend sb. to do sth. 打算让某人做某事This kind of bicycle is intended for people who are too short.这种自行车是专为身材矮小的人设计的。Today, I intend to finish reading this novel.今天我打算读完这本小说。I intend you to take over my career.我打算让你接管我的事业。高手过招单项填空The book, for her sister, was lost i

16、n the mail. (201001江苏南京检测)A. intended as pleasant surpriseB. intending as pleasant surpriseC. intended as a pleasant surpriseD. intending for pleasant surpriseMiss Wang had to catch the first bus, but she didt get up early enough.(201001陕西西安质量检测)A. Turned B. come C. intended D. promised解析：选C。intend

17、sth. for sb.意为“为某人准备某物”，book与intend之间呈被动关系，因此用过去分词短语作定语;surprise在这里用单数，表示“一个惊喜”。解析：选C。intend有“打算”的意思，用过去完成时，表示“曾打算如此，但没有做成”。8. delivervt.接生(小孩);递送;发表(演说等)常见结构:deliver a baby 接生小孩;生小孩deliver sth. to.把某物送到The baby was delivered in a clinic.孩子是在一个医疗站接生的。Comrade Yang delivered the opening speech.杨同志致了开幕

18、词。联想拓展delivery n. 送货;交付express delivery 快递on delivery 送达时;货到时高手过招完成句子 (原创)一些新书已经送到学校了。Some new books have the school.演员用他温柔的声音演讲。The actor his speech a soft voice.答案: been delivered; to delivered/gave; in9. observevt. 观察;观测;遵守She spent many year observing and recording their daily activities.她花了许多年时

19、间来观察和记录他们的日常活动。常用结构：observe+名词/代词宾语+宾语补足语(不带to的不定式/动词ing形式)that 从句/what 从句I observed them enter/entering the shop.我看到他们进了/正走进商店。The boy observed what was going on between Tom and his little sister.男孩观察汤姆和他妹妹之间会发生什么事。We should strictly observe the discipline.我们要严格遵守纪律。联想拓展observer n. 观察者obstrvation n

20、. 观察高手过招翻译句子我从未看过他做早操。我们必须遵守交通规则。答案: I have never observed him do morning exercises. We must observe the rule of road.重点短语10. look down upon/on蔑视;瞧不起She looks down on people whove never been to university.她瞧不起没上过大学的人。You cant look down upon a person because he is poor.你不能因为某个人贫穷就瞧不起他。I hope you dont

21、 look down upon/on this kind of work.我希望你不要看不起这种工作。联想拓展look on sb./ sth. as 把某人/某物看作=consider sb./ sth. aslook on 袖手旁观;观望look into sth. 调查;观察某事物look up 查阅(单词、资料);向上看;好转look (sb.) up and down 上下打量(某人)look out for sb./sth. 警惕或留心某人/某物look back to 回顾;回忆look about/around 环顾四周look after 照料 ;照看look forward

22、 to 盼望;期待look for 寻找look like 看起来像look over 检查;检阅look through 浏览;检查look up to 尊敬高手过招(1)完成句子 (原创)He was (被人看不起) because of his humble background.He is (被认为是) the leading authority on the subject.If you want to know how a word is used, it (查阅) in a dictionary.(2)选词填空(look up/look down on/look forward

23、to/look into)(原创)Im going to your party.The police have received the complaint, and they are it.We should not manual labour.Please these words in your dictionary.答案: (1) looked down on looked on as look; up(2) looking forward to looking into look down on look up11. refer to谈到;查阅;参考;查询;提及;指而言联想拓展refe

24、r to sb./sth. as 把某人/物称作refer sth. to 把某事提交refer sb. to 让某人向求助易混辨析refer to/consult/look uprefer to和consult都可作“查阅(词典、参考书等)”讲，表此意时两词可以互换。look up 意为“(在词典、时刻表等中)查找”。We agreed never to refer to the matter again.我们同意不再谈论这件事了。She thought I was referring to her daughter when we were talking.当我们谈话时她以为我指的是她的女

25、儿。高手过招(1)完成句子 (原创)Although she didnt mention any names, everyone knew who she was (谈到).He gave the speech (没有参阅) his notes.He likes to (被称为) “Doctor Khee”.My doctor me (向求助) a hospital specialist.(2)单项填空The professor at the meeting will give us a lecture next week. (201001山东青州二中模块检测)A. Referred B. r

26、eferred to C. Referring D. referring toIf you are not sure of the meaning of this word, you can the dictionary. (2010浙江萧山质量检测)A. refer to B. look up C. See D. make use ofDuring his stay in our college, he often began his talk by this past experience as a soldier.(201001江西南昌检测)A. turning to B. referr

27、ing to C. sticking to D. speaking toUsing a long stick, the teacher a place on the map and asked the children to name it. (201001江苏启东检测)A. got down to B. pointed to C. referred to D. came to(1) referring to without referring to be referred to as referred; to(2) 解析：选B。句意为：在会议上被提到的那位教授下周将给我们作一次讲座。用ref

28、er to的过去分词形式作后置定语，表示被动。 解析：选A。refer to在句中作“查阅”讲，B项结构应为look up the word in the dictionary。 解析：选B。考查词义辨析。turn to的意思是“求助于”，但其宾语是人，不可以是物;refer to的意思是“参考;查询;谈到;提到”;stick to的意思是“坚持”。 解析：选B。 考查短语辨析。get down to的意思是“开始;着手”，后跟名词或动名词;point to的意思是“指着;指向”;refer to的意思是“参考;提到”;come to的意思是“达到”。12. come across=run a

29、cross=meet by chance (偶然) 遇见;碰见联想拓展come about = happen 发生come from 来自come out 出现;开花;出版或发表;透露;显出come up 升起;发生;出现come up with sth. 找到或提出(答案办法等)come to 谈到;涉及I came across an old school friend in Oxford Street this morning. 今天早上我在牛津大街碰见一位老校友。She came across some old photographs in a drawer.她在一个抽屉里偶然发现了一

30、些旧照片。高手过招(1)单项填空Mr Brown, could you tell me how the differences between American English and British English ? (201001山东济南检测)A. came about B. came to C. came up D. came across(2)用come短语的适当形式填空 (原创)I some new words while reading.His new book will next month.She a new idea for increasing sales.Can you tell me how the accident ?How did it that he knew where we were?(1)解析：选A。考查词义辨析。come about意为“产生”，符合句意;come to意为“达到(某个数字)”;come across意为“偶然遇到;从上走”;come up意为“来到”。(2) came across come out came up with came about come about