山东春考英语常见结构总结材料.docx

1、山东春考英语常见结构总结材料山东春考英语常见结构总结1. asas 和一样中间必须用_原级。例如：This classroom is as _as that one.这间教室和那间一样大。He runs as _ as Tom. 他和汤姆跑的一样快。否定结构：not as/soas,“不如”。上面的两个句子可分别改为：This classroom is not as/so large as that one.He doesnt run as/so fast as Tom.2. as soon as 一就用来引导时间状语从句。若主句是一般将来时，从句要用一般现在时。例如：Ill tell him

2、 the plan as soon as I_him.我一看到他就告诉他这个计划。Hell go home as soon as he _ his work.他一完成工作就回家。3. be busy/enjoy/hate/go on/finish doing sth. 忙于/喜欢/讨厌/继续/完成做某事在enjoy, finish, hate, go on, be busy等词语后，一般用动词-ing形式作宾语。例如：Lin Tao is busy_ a model plane.林涛正忙着做飞机模型。My mother enjoys_ a walk after supper.我妈妈喜欢晚饭后散

3、步。I hate _ Channel Five.我讨厌看五频道。When someone asked him to have a rest, he just went on _当有人让他休息一会儿时，他仍继续工作。I have finished _the story. 我已经写完了故事。4. fillwith 用装满.； be filled with 充满了；be full of 充满了.be filled with 说明由外界事物造成的此种状态，表示被动。例如：The box is filled _ food. 盒子里装满了食物。be full of说明主语处于的状态。此外，还可表示程度，意

4、为“非常”。例如：The patients room is full _ flowers. 那个病人的房间摆满了花。The young man is full of pride. 那个年轻人非常骄傲。这两种结构还可以相互改写。例如：I fill the box with food. The box is full of food.5. be good/bad for 有利于/有害于此句型是：be+adj.+for+n.结构。例如：Doing morning exercises is _for your health.做早操对你的健康有益。Always playing computer game

5、s is _for your study.总玩电脑游戏对你的学习不利。6. be used to(doing) sth. 习惯于后必须接名词或动名词，可用于现在、过去、将来的多种时态。be 可用get,become来代替。 例如：He is used to life in the country.(He is used to living in the country.)他习惯于乡村生活。He will get used to _ up early.他将会习惯于早起。注意：be used to do 的意思是“被用来做”。例如：Wood is used to _ paper. 木材被用来造纸。

6、7. bothand两者都用来连接两个并列成分;当连接两个并列主语时，其后谓语动词用复数。例如：Both the students and the teachers will go to the History Museum tomorrow.不论老师还是学生明天都会去历史博物馆。8. cant help doing sth. 禁不住做某事help在此的意思是“抑制,忍住”，其后接动词-ing形式。例如：His joke is too funny. We cant help _.他的笑话太有趣了，我们禁不止笑了起来。9. sth. costs sb. some money 某物花费某人多少钱此

7、句型的主语是物。cost一词带的是双宾语，它的过去式、过去分词和原型一样。This book _ me five yuan.这本书花了我五元钱。10. eitheror 不是就是,或者或者用来连接两个并列成分，当连接并列主语时，谓语动词与邻近的主语保持一致。You may _ stay here or go home.你可以呆在这儿，也可以回家。Either she or I _ right. = Either I or she _ right.不是她对就是我对。11. enough (for sb.) to do sth. 足够做在此结构中,for用来引出不定式的逻辑主语。例如：The ic

8、e isnt thick enough for you to walk on.这冰还没有厚到你可以在上面走的程度。12. feel like doing sth. 想要做此处like为介词，后面跟动词-ing形式。此句型与would like to do sth.同义。例如：I feel like _ a cup of milk. 我想喝一杯牛奶。13. feel/find/think it adj./n. to do sth. 认为某事在此结构中it为形式宾语，不定式短语作真正的宾语。例如：I find it very _ to play football.我发现踢足球很有趣。She thi

9、nks _ her duty to help us.她认为帮助我们是她的职责。14. get ready for sth./to do sth.get ready for sth.意为“为某事做准备”；get ready to do sth.意为“准备做某事”例如：We are getting ready _the meeting.我们正在为会议做准备。They were getting ready _ have a sports meet at that moment.他们那时正准备开运动会。15. get/receive/have a letter from 收到的来信，相当于hear f

10、romDid you _ a letter from John?你收到约翰的来信了吗?I got a letter _ my brother yesterday.我昨天收到了我弟弟的一封来信。16. had better (not) do sth. 最好(别)做某事had better为情态动词，其后需用动词原形。had better常用缩写，变成d better，其否定形式是在其后直接加not。例如：We had better go now. = Wed better go now.我们最好现在走吧。Youd better _ go out because it is windy.今天刮风，

11、你最好别出去了。17. have sth. done 使(某事)完成 (动作由别人完成)sth.为宾语，done为过去分词作补语。例如：We had the machine repaired. 我们请人把机器修好了。注意区分： We have repaired the machine. 我们(自己)已经修好了机器。18. help sb. (to) do sth./with sth. 帮助某人(做)某事，其中的to可以省略。例如：I often help my mother _ housework.我常常帮助妈妈做家务。Would you please help me (to) look up

12、 these words?请你帮助我查查这些词好吗?19. How do you like? 你认为怎么样?与what do you think of ?同义。 例如：How do you _ the weather in Beijing?你认为北京的天气怎么样? 20. I dont think/believe that 我认我/相信不其中的not是对宾语从句进行否定而不是对主句否定(否定前移)。that可省略。例如：I dont think it will rain.我认为天不会下雨。I dont believe the girl will come.我相信那女孩不会来了。21. It h

13、appens that 碰巧 相当于happen to do，例如：It happened that I heard their secret.可改写为： I happened to _ their secret.我碰巧听到了他们的秘密。22.Its/has been +一段时间+since从句 自从某时起做某件事情已经一段时间了该句型中since引导的时间状语从句常用一般过去时。例如：Its twenty years since he_ here.他来这里已经20年了。It has been six years since he _Mary.他和玛丽结婚已经六年了。23. It is +ad

14、j./n. + for sb. to do sth. 做某事对某人来说It是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式to do sth。例如：Its not easy for us to study English well.对我们来说学好英语并不容易。Its a good idea for us to travel to the south.去南方旅行对我们来说是个好主意。24. Its + adj. + of sb. to do sth.It是形式主语，to do sth.是真正的主语, 当表语(即形容词)能对逻辑主语描述时，常用介词of,而不用for。例如：Its very polite of yo

15、u to give your seat to old people.你给老人让座，非常有礼貌。25. It seems/appears （to sb） that (在某人看来)好像此句中的it是主语，that引导的是表语从句。例如：It seems that he is lying. 看样子他好像是在撒谎。It appears to me that he never smiles. 在我看来，他从来没有笑过。26. It is +数词+metres/kilometers long/wide 是多少米(公里)长(宽)用来表示物体的长(宽,高)，如数词大于一，名词要用复数。例如：It is 20

16、metres long from this end to that end. 从这端到那端有二十米长。27. Its time for sb. to do sth. 是某人干某事的时候了it是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式to do sth. 例如：Its time for the child to go to bed. 孩子该睡觉了。比较下面两种结构： Its time for + n. 例如：Its time for school.Its time to do sth. 例如：Its time to go to school.28. It takes sb. some time to d

17、o sth. 花费某人多少时间做某事it是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式to do sth。例如：It _ her fifteen minutes to walk to the bus stop from here.从这儿走着到公交车站将花费她15分钟。It took the old man three days _finish the work.那个老人花了三天时间完成这项工作。29. keep (on) doing sth. 一直坚持做某事keep doing sth.一般用于静态动词。keep on doing sth.意为“继续不停地做某事”，一般用于动态动词，但二者的区别并不是很严

18、格，有时可以互换。例如：Dont keep _ doing such foolish things.不要再做这样的傻事了。He kept_ there all day.他整天坐在那里。30. keepfrom doing sth. 阻止.做某事相当于stopfrom doing sth., preventfrom doing sth. 在主动句中，stop和prevent后面的from可以省略，但在被动结构中，from不可以省略。例如：Please keep the children_swimming in the sea.请别让孩子到海里游泳。The big noise outside my

19、 room stopped me_doing my homework.屋外巨大的噪音使我不能做作业。31. keep sb. doing sth. 让某人一直做某事不可和keep sb.from doing sth.结构混淆。例如：Why do you keep me _for a long time? 你为什么让我等了很长时间?32. make sb. do sth. 使某人干某事make意为“使”时，其后要有不带to的动词不定式。例如：He made me_ ten hours a day. 他让我每天工作10小时。注意：上句如改为被动语态，则work 前的to不能省略。例如：I was

20、made _ten hours a day.33. neithernor 既不也不当连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词与邻近的主语取得一致(就进一致原则)。例如：Neither we nor Jack _him. 我们和杰克都不认识他。He neither knows nor cares what happened. 他对发生的事情不闻不问。34. notuntil 直到才.until后可跟名词或从句，表示时间。例如：He didnt come until late in the evening. 他直到晚上很迟才来。He didnt arrive until the game began. 直到比

21、赛开始他才来。35. sb. pays money for sth. 某人花钱买某物此句型主语是人。例如：Ive already paid 2,000 yuan for the motor bike. 我已经花了2000元买这辆摩托车。36. spend time/money on sth./(in)doing sth. 花费(时间、钱)在某事上/做某事其中in可以省略，通常主语为“人”。例如：I spent five yuan _ this book. 我在这本书上花了五元钱。I spent two hours (in) doing my homework yesterday. 昨晚我花了两

22、个小时做作业。37. sothat 太以至于用于复合句，that引导的是结果状语从句。so是副词,后面应接形容词或副词，如果接名词，应用such。 例如：The ice is so thin _ you cant walk on it. 冰太薄了，你不能在上面走。He is _ a kind man that we all like him. 他是一个非常好的人，我们都很喜欢他。38. stop to do sth., stop doing sth.stop to do sth. 意为“停下来去做另一件事”，stop doing sth.意为“停止正在做的事”例如：Youre too tire

23、d. Youd better stop _ a rest. 你们太累了，最好停下来休息一会儿。The teacher is coming. Lets stop_ 老师来了，咱们别说话了。39. Thank you for doing sth. 感激你做了for之后除了加动名词doing外，还可以加名词。例如：Thank you for giving me the present. 谢谢你给我的礼物。Thank you for your help. =Thank you for _me.谢谢你的帮助。40. thanks to 多亏,由于thanks后的s不能省略，to是介词。例如：Thanks

24、 to my friend Jim, Ive worked out this problem. 多亏了我朋友吉姆的帮助，我已经解决了这个问题。41. There be句型在此结构中，there是引导词，在句中不能充当任何成分，也不必翻译出来。 句中的主语是某人或某物，谓语动词be要与主语的数保持一致。例如：There is a man at the door. 门口有一个人。当主语是由两个或者两者以上的名词充当时，谓语动词be要跟它邻近的那个名词的数一致(就近一致)。例如：There are two dogs and a cat under the table.桌下有两只狗和一只猫。比较：Th

25、ere is a cat and two dogs under the table.There be 句型中的be不能用have来代替，但可以用lie(位于，躺),stand(矗立),exist(生存),live(生活)等词来替换。例如：There stand a lot of tall buildings on both sides of the street. 街道两旁矗立着许多高楼。There lies lake in front of our school.我们学校前面有一个湖。Once there lived a king here. 这儿曾经有一个国王。There is going

26、 to be a sports meeting next week. 下周准备开一个运动会。42. The + adj.比较级, the + adj.比较级 越,越此句型表示一方随另一方的变化而变化。例如：The _he works, the _ he feels.他工作越努力，就感到越幸福。The more, the better. 多多益善。43. too+adj./adv. +to do sth. 太以至于不能.此句型为简单句，后面的to表示否定含义。例如：The ice is too thin_you to walk on. 这冰太薄，你不能在上面走。The bag is too he

27、avy to carry. 这个袋子太重搬不动。44. used to do sth. 过去常常做某事used to是情态动词，表示过去的习惯动作或状态，现在已不存在，因此只用于过去时态。例如:He used to get up early. 他过去总早起。When I was yong, I used to _very often. 我年轻时经常打网球。否定形式有两种：didnt use to;used not to,例如：He didnt use to come. = He usednt to come. 他过去不常来。45. what about? 怎么样?后面可接名词、代词、动名词等。

28、与“how about?”同义。例如：We have been to Hainan. What about you? 我们去过海南，你呢?What about going to the park on Sunday? 星期天去公园怎么样?46. What day/date is it today? 今天星期几(几月几日)?What day is it today?Sunday.What date is it today?June 24th.47. Whats wrong (the matter) with? 怎么了?Whats wrong with you, Madam? 夫人，您怎么了?Yo

29、u look worried. Whats wrong with you? 你看上去很焦急，出什么事了?48. Why not do? 为什么不做?谓语动词用原形。与Why dont you do?同义。例如：Why not go to see the film with us?= Why dont you go to see the film with us? 为什么不和我们一起去看电影呢?49. would like to do sth. 想做 后用动词不定式作宾语。例如：I would like to drink a cup of tea. 我想喝一杯茶。疑问句式：Would you like (to drink) a cup of tea? 你想喝杯茶吗?50. adj./adv.比较级 + and adj./adv.比较级 越来越.若形容词/副词为双音节词及多音节词，则这一结构变为“more and more +形容词/副词”。例如：Its getting _天气变得越来越暖和了。The lit