人教版中考英语专项训练 定语从句考点解析Word版附答案.docx

1、人教版中考英语专项训练 定语从句考点解析Word版附答案人教版中考英语专项训练 定语从句考点解析（Word版附答案）一、定语从句1I will never forget the fire _ happened in Shanghai last year.Awhen BwhereCwhat Dwhich【答案】D【解析】【分析】考点：考查定语从句。【详解】试题分析：句意：我将永远不会忘记去年上海发生的火灾。先行词the fire是物，故其定语从句要用which引导。what不引导定语从句；when先行词是时间；where先行词是地点；根据题意，故选D。2According to a survey

2、, people _ are able to speak two languages can manage two things at the same time more easily.Awhich Bwhom Cwhose Dwho【答案】D【解析】句意：根据一项调查，能说两种语言的人可以同时管理两件事。考查疑问词辨析。A. which哪一个，代物/人；B. whom谁，宾格，代人；C. whose谁的，代物主；D. who谁，主格，代人。本句是定语从句，people人/人们，在句中做主语，结合句意和语境，可知选D。3Why are you so worried? -Ive lost th

3、e watch _ my dad bought me on my birthday.Awhat Bwho Cwhose Dwhich【答案】D【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：你为什么如此担心？我把那块我生日时爸爸买给我的手表弄丢了。考查定语从句，先行词是watch表示物，故关系代词只能用which或that；what不引导定语从句；who的先行词是人；whose表示所属；故选D。4Lily doesnt know _ she and her friends can do to help the little boy _ parents have left their hometown for m

4、aking money.Athat; whose Bhow; who Cwhat; who Dwhat; whose【答案】D【解析】that引导宾语从句一般不充当句子成分，只起连接作用；how引导宾语从句，一般做方式状语；what引导宾语从句，做从句的逻辑主语或者宾语。句意：莉莉不知道她和她的朋友们能做什么来帮助这个小男孩，他的父母离开家乡去挣钱了。结合语境可知前文是宾语从句，what，什么，充当宾语从句谓语动词do的逻辑宾语。下文为定语从句，the little 宾语boy和parents是逻辑上的所有关系，故引导词用whose，选D。考点：英语从句5There will be a sta

5、mp show in the museum _ we visited last week.Awho Bwhen Cwhich Dwhat【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：我们上周参观的博物馆将有一场邮票展览。关系代词的用法。who的先行词是人；when的先行词是时间名词，在从句中作状语；what不能引导定语从句， 此处先行词是museum，是事物，应该用关系代词which替代museum，在从句中作visit的宾语，故选C。6- Class, you should be thankful to those people _ helped and supported you.- We will.

6、Miss Chen.AwhichBwhomCwhoDwhose【答案】C【解析】句意：同学们，你们应该感谢那些帮助你们和支持你们的人。陈小姐，我们会的。which引导定语从句，修饰事物，作主语、宾语和表语；whom引导定语从句，修饰人，作宾语或表语；who引导定语从句，修饰人，作主语或宾语。whose引导定语从句，修饰人或物，作定语；此处修饰先行词people，表示人，作定语从句的主语，故用who。故选C。7A true friend is a person _ reaches for your hand and touches your heart.Awhom Bwhose Cwho Dwh

7、ich【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：真正的朋友是一个帮助你并且让你感动的人。考查定语从句的关系词。本句中先行词 person为定语从句的逻辑主语，且指人，所以引导定语从句的关系代词用that或者who；结合句意和选项可知选C。【点睛】在定语从句中，当先行词是人时，引导词在定语从句中做主语时，引导定语从句的先行词用that或who，引导词在定语从句中做宾语时，引导定语从句的先行词用that或whom，引导词前面有介词时，必须用介词whom。例如，（1） The girl who is singing an English song in the next room is Toms sister

8、. （2）The person that/whom you talked to just now is Toms father.=The person to whom you talked just now is Toms father.在定语从句中，当先行词是物时，引导词在定语从句中做主语时，引导定语从句的先行词用that或which，引导词在定语从句中做宾语时，引导定语从句的先行词用that或which，引导词前面有介词时，必须用介词which。例如，He was reading a book which/that was about war. 他正在读一本关于战争的书。 在定语从句中，当

9、先行词和后面的名词是所属关系时，用whose引导此定语从句。例如，They lives in a room whose window opens to the south. 他们住在一间窗户朝南开的房间里。8Who was the student _ was absent yesterday?Mary was.Athat Bwho Cwhom Dwhich【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：昨天旷课的那名学生是谁？是玛丽。that引导此处定语从句，修饰人或事物；who引导定语从句，修饰人，作主语，表语或宾语；whom引导定语从句，修饰人，作宾语或表语；which引导定语从句，修饰事物，作主语，宾语

10、或表语。修饰先行词the student，表示人，故排除D项。作定语从句的主语，因为主句是who引导的特殊疑问句，因此句中的定语从句用that引导，故选A。9 - In a text message, 88 means Bye-bye.- And another example is F2F_ stands for face to face.Athat Bwho Cwhom Dit【答案】A【解析】试题分析：句意：在短信中，88的意思是再见。在另一个例子是F2F表示面对面.结合语境可知下文先行词F2F做下文定语从句的逻辑主语，指物，故引导词用that，选A。考点：考查定语从句10Pauls u

11、ncle is the man taught us Chinese last year.Awhere Bwhich Cwho【答案】C【解析】试题分析：句意：保罗的叔叔是那个去年教我们中文的人。本题考查定语从句的用法，根据先行词是人，可知关系词用who。故选C。考点：考查定语从句的关系词。11This is the most beautiful picture _ I have ever seen.Athat Bwhich Cwhat Dwho【答案】A【解析】句意：这是我见过的最漂亮的画。考查定语从句。先行词被最高级修饰时，引导词应用that。结合句意和语境可知选A。点睛：限制性定语从句中只

12、能用that 引导定语从句的几种情况： 当先行词是everything, anything, nothing （something 除外）, all, none, few, little, some等不定代词时，或当先行词受every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等词修饰时。如：Have you set down everything that Mr Li said? There seems to be nothing that is impossible to him in the world. 注意： 当先行词指人时，偶尔也可用关系代词who

13、。如： Any man that / who has a sense of duty wont do such a thing. 任何有责任感的人都不会做这样的事。 All the guests that / who were invited to her wedding were important people. 所有被邀请参加婚礼的客人都是重要人物。2. 当先行词被序数词修饰时。如：The first American movie that I watched was the Titanic. 3. 当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。如： This is the best museum th

14、at I have visited all my life. 4. 当先行词被the very, the only, the first / last等修饰时。如： She is the only person that understands me. 注意： 当先行词指人时，偶尔也可以用关系代词who。如：Wang Hua is the only person in our school who will attend the meeting. 5. 当先行词前面有who, which等疑问代词时。如：Who is the man that is standing in front of t

15、he crowd? 站在人群前面的那个人是谁？Which is the room that Mr Wang lives in? 哪一间是王先生住的房间？ 当先行词人与物时。如：Look at the man and his donkey that are walking up the street. 当先行词是reason, way（方法）等词时，关系代词常用that代替in which, for which, why, 也常可省略。如：She admired the way （that） they solved the questions.12I will never forget the

16、people and the things_ I saw on the Great Wall.Awho Bwhich Cwhom Dthat【答案】D【解析】句意：我永远不会忘记我在长城看到的人和事。本句考察定语从句的关系词。A. who关系词，先行词为人；B. which关系词，先行词为物；C. whom关系词，先行词为人，在句中作宾语； D. that关系词，先行词为人或物。在定语从句中，当先行词既指人也指物时，如：the people and the things，关系词采用that。故选D。13All the children like the teachers _ can under

17、stand them.Awhat Bwhich Cwho Dwhose【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：所有的孩子都喜欢能理解他们的老师。本句是一个定语从句，先行词teachers是人，而且关系词在定语从句中作主语，故用关系代词who引导此定语从句，故选C。14One is filled with knowledge always behaves with elegance（优雅）.Awhich Bwho Chow Dwhat【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：一个学识渊博的人总是举止优雅。考查关系代词。A. which关系代词，引导定语从句时，指代物；B. who关系代词，引导定语从句时，指代人；

18、C. how关系副词；D. what不能引导定语从句。根据One is filled with knowledge always behaves with elegance（优雅）.可知，先行词one指代人，所以用关系代词who或that引导定语从句，同时在定语从句中作主语，结合选项可知B选项符合题意，故答案选B。15-How do you like the Sun Island？Is it worth visiting? -Sure. Its one of the best places I have ever been to.Awhich Bthat Cwho【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意

19、：-你觉得太阳岛怎么样？值得一游吗？-当然。这是我去过的最好的地方之一。考查定语从句引导词。本句先行词places是物，引导词在定语从句中作宾语，可知用that或which引导此定语从句，但先行词有最高级修饰时，只能用that引导此定语从句。故选B。【点睛】定语从句是用作定语的从句。被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。定语从句紧跟先行词（名词或代词）之后。引导定语从句的词叫引导词，引导词分为关系代词（that/who/whom/which/whose）和关系副词（when/where/why）。引导词连接先行词和定语从句，在定语从句中充当一定的成分（关系代词充当主语或宾语，关系副词充当状语）

20、。先行词是物时，用that或which引导定语从句；当先行词是人时，用who或that引导定语从句。（一）、当先行词是物时，只用that的情况：1.当先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级修饰时。2.当先行词为两个或两个以上分别指人和物的名词时。3.当先行词本身是all的，用that.（all that=what）.（that在定语从句中充当宾语可以省略）4.先行词为something， anything， nothing， everything， thing等不定代词时，用that。5.当先行词前有all， much， little， many， （a） few， every， some， any，

21、 no， only， the very， one of， the only， the last， the next等修饰语时。（二）、先行词既有人又有物时，或当先行词在以who或which开头的特殊疑问句中时，用that引导以避免混淆。7.当先行词是在定语从句中作表语时，用that。16一WhichsongdoyoulikebetterMaria？一IpreferthesongManualofYouth_issungbyTFBOYSAwho Bwhom Cwhich D/【答案】C【解析】【详解】C 考查定语从句的引导词。句意：Maria，你更喜欢哪首歌？ 我喜欢TFBOYS唱的青春修炼手册。

22、分析句子结构，本句中的 is sung by TFBOYS在复合句中作定语从句，其中先行词 the song Manual of Youth 指物，且在定语从句中作逻辑主语，所以关系代词用which 故选C【点睛】完成定于从句的关键是分析先行词指人还是指物，以及其在定语从句中做什么句子成分17Yesterday, Mr. Green went to his hometown and visited the old house _ he was born in.Awhich Bwhere Cwhat Dit【答案】A【解析】试题分析：句意：昨天，格林先生去了他的家乡并且参观了他出生时的那所旧房子

23、。_ he was born in是定语从句，修饰house。先行词是house，关系代词词用that或者which，关系副词where相当于in which。根据从句中缺少宾语，故选A。考点：考查定语从句的用法。18-Ive been thinking about those questions you asked me last week.-Oh, really? Have you got any valuable idea?Awhich Bwho Cwhat Dwhy【答案】A【解析】句意：我一直在思考那些你上周问的那些问题。哦，真的吗？你有任何宝贵的意见吗？which引导定语从句，作主

24、语或宾语，修饰事物。who引导定语从句，作主语，修饰人；what位于名词性从句中做主语，宾语，表语，表示事物；why引导定语从句，作状语，修饰表示原因的名词。先行词questions表示事，故用代词which引导定语从句，故选A。19The photos successfully show the rich culture _makes Shiyan so famous.Awhat Bwhich Cwho Dwhy【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：这些照片成功地展示了使十堰非常出名的丰富文化氛围。A. what不能作为定语从句的连接词；B. which先行词指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；C.

25、who先行词是人，在定语从句中作主语；D. why引导定语从句时，在句中作原因状语。本句先行词是culture，指物，引导定语从句的关联词只能用which，故答案为B。【点睛】在定语从句中，关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。1） who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是想见你的人吗?（who/that在从句中作主语）He is the man

26、whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语）2） whose 用来指人或物，（只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换），例如：They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。3） which, that 它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于介词+ which结构，因此

27、常常和介词+ which结构交替使用，例如：Beijing is the place where （in which） I was born. 北京是我的出生地。20Stephen Hawking _ wrote A Brief History of Time（时间简史）is a great British scientist.Awho Bwhich Cwhat【答案】A【解析】句意：写时间简史的Stephen Hawking是一个伟大的英国科学家。这是一个定语从句，先行词是Stephen Hawking ，是一个人，所以引导词用who；故选A21 The TV show Running Ma

28、n is popular recently. Yes. It is the only program _ I watched this month.Awho Bwhen Cwhere Dthat【答案】D【解析】句意：电视节目奔跑吧，兄弟最近非常受欢迎。是的。它是这个月我唯一看过的节目。修饰先行词program的定语从句中动词watched缺少主语，故用代词that，故选D。22-What do you think of the Sun Island? Is it worth visiting? -Of course. Its one of the best places I have eve

29、r been to.Awhich Bthat Cwho【答案】B【解析】句意：你认为Sun Island怎样？它值得参观吗？当然，它是我去过的最好的地方之一。考察定语从句that的用法。当先行词前边有最高级时，关系词用that。故选B23Reading is a wonderful thing. It can take you to places _ you have never visited.Awhere Bwhich Cwhat Dwho【答案】B【解析】句意：读书是一件好事，它能把你带到一个你从来没有参观过的地方。这里考查定语从句，先行词是places；定语从句中缺少句子的宾语，whe

30、re在定语从句中作状语，故排除A；what不能引导定语从句；who引导定语从句的时，先行词是人的。Which在定语从句中可以作宾语或主语，先行词可以指的是地点的词。故选B。24The rich man is very kind and helpful to the people _ have difficulties.Awhich Bwhom Cwho Dwhat【答案】C【解析】句意：那个富人对有困难的人非常善良，而且爱帮助。which引导定语从句修饰事，作主语或宾语；whom引导定语从句，修饰人，作宾语或表语；who引导定语从句修饰人，作主语或宾语；what引导名词性从句，作主语，宾语或表语。此处先行词people，表示人，后面的定语从句中缺少主语，故用who引导。故选C。25-1 like to live in a room _ is big and bright.Athat Bwhere Chow【答案】A【解析】试题分析：句意：我想住一个又大又明亮的房间。that那；where哪里；how怎么。先行词room在定语从句中作主语，可用关系代词that代替，所以选A。考点：考查定语从句。26Tommy couldnt stop thinking about the boy _ made him a fool in