第02章Maple的2D绘图包函数.docx

1、第02章Maple的2D绘图包函数第二章 Maple的2D绘图包函数图2-0104 plots包函数polarplot绘图程序实例with(plots): polarplot(cos(t);图2- 1 没有任何人为设置的polarplotpolarplot(sin(3*x), thickness=3);图2- 2 polarplot的线宽设置polarplot(sin(3*x),x=0.2*Pi/3,thickness=3,color=blue);图2- 3 polarplot的线色和弧段设置polarplot(abs(sin(3*x);图2- 4 带有绝对值表达式的polarplotpola

2、rplot(abs(sin(3*x),coord=cartesian);Error, (in plot/options2d) unknown or bad argument, coord = cartesianpolarplot(abs(sin(3*x),coord=logarithmic);Error, (in plot/options2d) unknown or bad argument, coord = logarithmic以上两个语句的返回结果说明：在polarplot函数中，人为地硬性设置坐标系是无效的，一定会出现报错信息。图2-0515 plots包函数coordplot绘图程序

3、实例with(plots):coordplot(polar,color=red,red,scaling=CONSTRAINED,labelling=true);u range: 0 . 1v range: 0 . 2*Pigrid:7,13view:-1.1.1.1,-1.1.1.1图2- 5 极坐标系的有限完整坐标网coordplot(polar,view=-1.1,0.1,scaling=CONSTRAINED,labelling=true);u range: 0 . 1v range: 0 . 2*Pigrid: 7 13 view: -1.1.1.1，-1.1.1.1图2- 6 极坐标

4、系中部分显示的有限完整坐标网coordplot(polar,0.3,-Pi/6.Pi,view=-3.3,-3.3,color=red,blue,grid=4,12,axes=NORMAL,scaling=CONSTRAINED,labelling=true);图2- 7 用设置项grid控制极坐标网线的条数coordplot(cartesian,color=green,green,scaling=CONSTRAINED,labelling=true);图2- 8 直角坐标网，线族编号在边缘coordplot(cartesian,axes=NORMAL,color=green,green,sc

5、aling=CONSTRAINED,);图2- 9 直角坐标网，没有线族编码coordplot(cartesian,color=green,green,labelling=middle);图2- 10 直角坐标网，线族编码在中间coordplot(cartesian,view=0.10,0.10,color=green,green,scaling=CONSTRAINED,labelling=true,axes=NORMAL);图2- 11 直角坐标网，部分显露coordplot(cartesian,view=-15.15,-15.15,color=green,green,scaling=CON

6、STRAINED,labelling=false,axes=NORMAL);图2- 12 网的范围与view的关系coordplot(elliptic);图2- 13 椭圆坐标网coordplot(parabolic); 图2- 14 抛物坐标网coordplot(hyperbolic,-96.96,-24.24,view=0.16,0.13);图2- 15 双曲坐标网图2-1624 plots包函数implicitplot绘图程序实例with(plots): implicitplot(x2/16+y2/9=1,x=-4.4,y=-3.3);图2- 16 没有人为设置项的implicitplo

7、timplicitplot(x2/16+y2/9=1,x=-4.4,y=-3.3,view=-3.3,-4.4);图2- 17 view设置的优先权implicitplot(x2+y)2-y-2,x=-2.2,y=-2.2,grid=7,7);图2- 18 grid设置项可以控制图形质量implicitplot(seq(x*y=k,k=1.5),x=.1.3,y=.1.3,grid=71,141,color=blue,thickness=3);图2- 19 seq的implicitplotimplicitplot(y=2*x,x=0.2*Pi,y=0.12*Pi,coords=polar,th

8、ickness=3);图2- 20 implicitplot函数可以接受坐标系转换implicitplot(x2+y)2-y,x=-2.2,y=-2.1,grid=54,54,coords=polar,thickness=3);图2- 21 不是方程的极坐标表达式也有implicitplotimplicitplot(y=2*x2,y=x,x=0.2*Pi,y=0.12*Pi,coords=polar,grid=72,144,style=LINE,color=blue,thickness=3);图2- 22 两个单元函数的极坐标implicitplot图形下面绘制一个比较复杂的隐函数曲线。imp

9、licitplot(sin(x)=cos(y),x=-2*Pi.2*Pi,y=-2*Pi.2*Pi,view=-8.8,-8.8,grid=250,250,scaling=constrained,color=blue,thickness=3);实际上，可把它看成二元函数z(x,y)=sin(x)-cos(y)与水平坐标面的相交线。图2- 23 比较复杂的implicitplotwith(plots):n:=5:p:=implicitplot(x2+y2=1,(x2)/9+(y2)/4=1,x=-3.3,y=-3.3,view=-3.3,-3.3,grid=n,n,style=LINE,thic

10、kness=3):coordplot(cartesian,-3.3,-3.3,grid=n,n,color=green,green,view=-3.3,-3.3):q:=coordplot(cartesian,-3.3,-3.3,grid=n,n,color=green,green,view=-3.3,-3.3):display(p,q);图2- 24 implicitplot的样点与grid网格的关系图2-2528 plots包函数inequal绘图程序实例inequal( x+y0, x-y0,x-y0, x-y0,3*x-y14,y10,x=-11.10,y=-15.15,options

11、feasible=(color=yellow),optionsexcluded=(color=green),optionsopen=(color=white,thickness=4),optionsclosed=(color=red,thickness=4);图2- 28 严格不等式的图形及其在早期版本中的错误左：7.0以后版本的正确图形，中、右：6.0及其以前版本的错误图形与改善办法。图2-2937 plots包函数polygonplot 绘图程序实例polygonplot(0,0,2,1/2,3,2,1.7,2.8,thickness=3);图2- 29 polygonplot自动封闭边界

12、polygonplot(0,0,2,1/2,3,2,1.7,2.8,color=red);图2- 30 polygonplot可以给内域填充颜色polygonplot(0,0,2,1/2,3,2,1.7,2.8,style=POINT,color=blue,symbolsize=24,symbol=circle);图2- 31 polygonplot可以给点集设置颜色polygonplot(0,0,2,1/2,3,2,1.7,2.8,view=-3.3,-3.3);图2- 32 显示范围的控制polygonplot(0,0,2,1/2,3,2,0,0,1,1,1,2,color=red);po

13、lygonplot(0,0,2,1/2,3,2,0,0,1,1,1,2,color=red,green);Error, (in plot/color) invalid color specification图2- 33 多边形set的polygonplot n:=5: a:=I*(2*Pi*k/n+Pi/2): t:=exp(a):polygonplot(seq(Re(t),Im(t),k=0.n),color=green);图2- 34 复数描写的polygonplotn:=5:a:=I*(2*Pi*k*2/n+Pi/2):t:=exp(a): polygonplot(seq(Re(t),I

14、m(t),k=0.n),color=green);图2- 35 给五角星填充颜色会出现问题with(plots):n:=5:a:=I*(2*Pi*k*2/n+Pi/2):t:=exp(a): seq(Re(t),Im(t),k=0.n):polygonplot(0,0,seq(Re(t),Im(t),k=0.n),color=green,scaling=constrained);图2- 36 稍做改变就可以正常填充n:=12: a:=I*(2*Pi*k/n+Pi/2):t:=exp(a): seq(Re(t),Im(t),k=0.n):polygonplot(seq(Re(t),Im(t),k

15、=0.n),color=green,coords=polar);图2- 37 极坐标系中的“复数多边形”图2-3841 plots包函数texplot 绘图程序实例textplot( 2,2,Dingdian1,align=ABOVE,RIGHT);图2- 38 txplot的对齐设置textplot(2,2,Dingdian1,align=BELOW,color=blue);图2- 39 texplot对齐设置中的单引号textplot( 2,2,Dingdian1,-2,-1,Dingdian2,-1,1,y=x2,color=blue,font=TIMES,BOLD,18,axesfon

16、t=TIMES,BOLD,8);图2- 40 文本list的texplottextplot( 2,2,Dingdian1,-2,-1,Dingdian2,color=blue);图2- 41 文本set的texplot图2-4248 plots包函数pointplot 绘图程序实例pointplot(1,2,0,4,8,3,7,8,2,5,axes=BOXED); 图2- 42 点列的pointplotpointplot(1,2,0,4,8,3,7,8,2,5,axes=BOXED,);图2- 43 单列数值的pointplotpointplot(1,2,0,4,8,3,7,8,2,5,axe

17、s=BOXED,connect=true,thickness=3);图2- 44 list的pointplot（加联线）pointplot(1,2,0,4,8,3,7,8,2,5,axes=BOXED,connect= true,thickness=3);图2- 45 set的pointplot（加联线）pointplot(seq(n,sin(n/10),n=0.30);图2- 46 seq的pointplot（不加联线）pointplot(seq(T2,T,T=0.40),coords=polar);图2- 47 极坐标系中seq的pointplot（不加联线）pointplot(seq(T

18、2,T,T=0.40),coords=polar,color=blue,connect=true,thickness=3);图2- 48 极坐标系中seq的pointplot（加联线）图2-4955 plots包函数listplot 绘图程序实例listplot(1,2,0,4,8,3,7,8,2,5,color=blue,view=-2.12,-2.12);图2- 49 有序数列的pointplot（默认联线）listplot(1,2,0,4,8,3,7,8,2,5,color=blue,view=-2.12,-2.12,style=POINT);图2- 50 有序数列的pointplot（

19、不联线） listplot(4,2,1,3,8,4,7,8,2,5,color=blue);图2- 51 有序点列的pointplotlistplot(2,2,1,3,4,4,7,8,7,5,color=blue,coords=polar,view=-5.5,-5.5,thickness=4);图2- 52 经过坐标转换的点列listplotlistplot(2,4,4,3,6,5,view=-6.6,-6.6);图2- 53 listplot的view设置listplot(seq(t2,cos(t),t=0.40),view=-100.1650,-2.2); 图2- 54 seq点列的lis

20、tplotlistplot(seq(t2,sin(t),t=0.17),coords=polar,view=-6.6,-6.6,thickness=2);图2- 55 这里最外层的方括号不可缺少图2-5663 plots包函数arrow 绘图程序实例arrow(seq(sin(i),cos(i)*cos(7/23*i),i=1.3),axes=FRAMED,color=blue);arrow(1,2,4,5,1,2,5,4,scaling=CONSTRAINED,color=green,difference = true);arrow(1,2,4,5,1,2,5,4,scaling=CONST

21、RAINED,color=green,difference = true);图2- 56 第一种语句arrow(u, opts)的实例。注意最外层的方括号与花括号作用相同。arrow(1,2,4,5,1,3,5,4,scaling=CONSTRAINED,color=red,difference = true);arrow(1,2,4,5,1,3,5,4,scaling=CONSTRAINED,color=green);arrow(1,2,4,5,1,3,5,4,scaling=CONSTRAINED,color=green);图2- 57 第二种语句arrow(u, v)的实例。注意最外层有

22、无花括号大不相同。arrow(1,2,4,5,1,1.8,5,4,1,2,-2,3,length=0.4, scaling=CONSTRAINED,color=gold);arrow(1,2,4,5,1,1.8,5,4,1,2,-2,3,length=0.4, scaling=CONSTRAINED,color=gold);图2- 58 第三种语句arrow(U)的实例。注意最外层的方括号与花括号作用相同。arrow(1,2,4,5,1,1.8,5,4,1,2,-2,3, length=0.4, scaling=CONSTRAINED,color=gold,shape=harpoon);arr

23、ow(1,2,4,5,1,1.8,5,4,1,2,-2,3, length=0.4, scaling=CONSTRAINED,color=gold,shape=arrow);arrow(1,2,4,5,1,1.8,5,4,1,2,-2,3, length=0.4, scaling=CONSTRAINED,color=gold);图2- 59 矢的形状（左单戟矢，中双戟矢，右扁平矢）如果此设置选项不写，矢将画在两个端点之间(实有长度)。arrow(seq(i,(i-1)2,i=1.3),axes=FRAMED,color=blue,view=0.3,-1/2.4,scaling=constrai

24、ned);arrow(seq(i,(i-1)2,i=1.3),axes=FRAMED,color=green,length=1/2,relative=true,view=0.3,-1/2.4,scaling=constrained);arrow(seq(i,(i-1)2,i=1.3),axes=FRAMED,color=green,length=1/2,relative=false,view=0.1,-0.2.1,scaling=constrained);arrow(seq(i,(i-1)2,i=1.3),axes=FRAMED,color=green,length=1/2,view=0.1,

25、-0.2.1,scaling=constrained);图2- 60 矢长度的控制arrow(1,2,2,1,5,5,1,3,3,3,5,3,scaling=CONSTRAINED,color=red,difference = true);arrow(1,2,2,1,5,5,1,3,3,3,5,3,scaling=CONSTRAINED,color=red);图2- 61 选项difference的控制作用arrow(seq(seq(i,j,sin(i),cos(j),i=1.3),j=2.3), length=1.4, scaling=CONSTRAINED,color=red);图2- 6

26、2 矢值函数的向量场图形arrow(seq(seq(i,j,sin(i),cos(j),i=1.5),j=1.5), length=0.8,relative=true,scaling=CONSTRAINED,color=blue);arrow(seq(seq(i,j,sin(i),cos(j),i=1.5),j=1.5),length=0.8,relative=false,scaling=CONSTRAINED,color=blue);图2- 63 两种矢长的向量场（左相关，右绝对）图2-6470 plots包函数contourplot 绘图程序实例contourplot(x*y,x=-6.6

27、,y=-5.5,grid=55,55,contours=45);图2- 64 grid设置较大的contourplotcontourplot(x*y,x=-6.6,y=-5.5,grid=35,35,contours=25);图2- 65 等高线设为25条的contourplotcontourplot(x*y,x=-6.6,y=-5.5,grid=35,35,contours=3);图2- 66 等高线设为3条的contourplotcontourplot(x*y,x=-6.6,y=-5.5,grid=35,35,contours=-3,-2,-1,1,2,3,coloring=blue,red);图2- 67 指定高度的contourplotcontourplot(x*y,x=-6.6,y=-5.5,grid=35,35,contours=2