牛津深圳版8年级下寒假第4单元同义词词性重点句型.docx

1、牛津深圳版8年级下寒假第4单元同义词词性重点句型1、词汇1. warning n.警告 警示（P49）: Sth. said or written to tell people of a possible danger 举例There are some warnings on the wall.墙上有一些警示。 扩展warn v. 警告 warn sb. of sth. 警告某人warn sb. not to do sth.警告某人不要做某事 运用The police _ us not to cross the road when the red light lights.A, refused

2、 B, accepted C, warned 同义词notice n. 公告，告示，警示；We put a notice on the side of the box.我们在箱子的一侧贴了警示标。2. symbol n. 符号 （P50）： For an item in a calculation or scientific formula is a number, letter, or shape that represents that item 举例The white color is a symbol of purity.白色是纯洁的象征。 运用The symbol of questi

3、on is “?”.(英译汉)_ 同义词Sign, signal,mark n. 都有“标志，象征，符号”之意symbol : 指作象征或表达某种深邃意蕴的特殊事物。sign : 普通用词，指人们公认事物的记号，也可指某种情况的征兆。signal : 指为某一目的而有意发出的信号。mark : 普通用词，含义广泛。既可指方便于辨认而有意做的标记，又可指自然形成的标记或有别于他事物的特征。3. thought n. 心思，思想（P50）：A persons thoughts are their mind, or all the ideas in their mind when they are

4、concentrating on one particular thing. 扩展v. 想( think的过去式和过去分词)； 思索； 以为； 认为I thought my back would break many times.好几次我以为我的背要断了。 举例Usually at this time our thoughts are on Christmas.通常在这种时候，我们的心思全放在了圣诞节上。 运用They had no _ of surrender. 他们没有想过要投降。 同义词n. idea 也有思想，观点之意。最普通常用词，几乎适用于任何方面的思维活动。Please find

5、 out the main idea of the paragraph.请找出这段落的中心思想。4. Pop out 瞪大眼睛（P50） 举例The surprise made her eyes pop out.惊讶使她瞪大了眼睛。 运用She feared her eyes might actually pop out of their sockets.(英译汉)_5. Basic adj. 基本的（P51）:Important and necessary 举例These rules of playing basketball are basic.这些篮球规则是基本的。 运用Can you

6、tell me some basic rules about football?(英译汉)_ 同义词adj. Essential 基本的，基础的:语气比basic强，强调必不可少，暗含某物如缺少某部分，则失去本质特征的意味。Hard-working is one of the essential elements to be success.(英译汉)_6. Stage n. 段，步，步骤（P51）:A stage of an activity, process, or period is one part of it. 举例Each stage of the battle was finis

7、hed beautifully.战斗的每个阶段都完成得漂亮。 运用Mr Cook has arrived in Greece on the final stage of a tour. (英译汉)_ 同义词n. step 步，脚步，级别The government took another step on the road to political reform.政府在实现政治改革的路上又迈进了一步。I took a step towards him.(英译汉)_ 7. pleasant adj. 令人愉悦的（P51）:nice,enjoyable and attractive 举例We ha

8、d a very pleasant time at their house last night. 昨晚我们在他们家过得很愉快。 辨析Pleasant 与 pleasedPleasant 意为“令人愉快的”时修饰物，意为“友好的”时修饰人。We had a pleasant weekend.我们度过了一个令人愉快的周末。pleased 意为“感到高兴的，满意的”，一般用人作主语。She was very pleased with her exam results.(英译汉)_ 运用The trip was _. Everyone was _ about it.A. pleasant; plea

9、sedB. pleased;pleasantC. pleased;pleased 同义词adj. happy, glad, cheerful 这些形容词均含愉快的，高兴的之意。happy : 侧重感到满足、幸福或高兴。glad : 最普通用词，语气较弱，表示礼貌的惯用语。指乐于做某事或因某事而感到满足，常表愉快的心情。cheerful : 多指因内心的愉快而表现出兴高采烈，是强调而自然的感情流露。8. appear v. 显得，看起来（P51）:seem 举例He appears to be very well.他好像身体很好。 扩展disappear v. 消失 appearance n.出

10、现；外观 运用It had the _(appear) of an old church. 同义词appear, look, seem 这些动词均有看起来，好像是之意。appear : 指从感观印象看似乎是如此，但有时着重指因视野、观点限制而产生的歪曲印象。look : 指从样子看起来，侧重通过视觉而建立的印象。seem : 多指从主观印象或个反应得出的看法。I seem to have lost all my self-confidence.我好像已经自信全无。9. actor n. 演员（P51）:person who acts on the stage, on TV or in film

11、s 举例I think Jim Carrey is the funniest actor.我认为金凯瑞是最有趣的演员。 扩展act v. 扮演 actress n.女演员“-or”后缀，表示“.的人”，常见单词如下表所示：Inventv. 发明inventorn. 发明者createv. 创造creatorn. 创造者visitv. 参观visitorn. 参观者collectv. 收藏collectorn. 收藏家survivev. 幸存survivorn. 幸存者 运用A/An _ means a person who acts on the stage, on TV or in film

12、s.A. actor B.musician C.director 同义词n. Performer 执行者，演奏者 ，演员，歌手； He is a world class performer. 他是位世界级的表演者。10. match n. 与.匹配（P51）:make or become suitable 举例These curtains wont match your carpet.这些窗帘和你那块地毯不相匹配。 扩展match还有“比赛，火柴”之意He missed the catch and the match was lost. 他没有接住球，比赛输了。 运用 Why dont you

13、 choose the red tie? For me, it doesnt _ my shirt very well.A. accept B. compare C. match 同义词n. competition 竞赛，比赛There will be a chess competition next week. 下个星期有一场国际象棋比赛。11. separately adv. 单独地（P51）:not with another 举例He sold his dogs separately to separate buyers.他把他的狗分别卖给了不同的买主。 扩展Be separate fr

14、om 分开Benefits administration is and should be separate from payroll. 福利是并且应该是同薪酬分开管理的。 运用他离开父母独自生活。（中译英） 同义词n. competition 竞赛，比赛There will be a chess competition next week. 下个星期有一场国际象棋比赛。12. play against 同.比赛,对赛（P54）:compete with somebody. 举例What team did you play against in the final match? 在决赛中,你们

15、队和哪个队对赛的? 运用New York played against Boston for the championship.（英译中） 同义词compete with 竞争，与.比It is difficult for a small grocery store to compete with a supermarket.小商店很难与超市抗争。13. make it 获得成功（P60）:be successful 举例Stick to it and you will make it.坚持下去，你就会成功。 运用I believe you will make it.（英译中）2、词性变化Wa

16、rning n. 警告 warn v. 警告，提醒Thought n. 心思，思想 think v. 想，考虑Basic adj. 基本的，基础的 basically adv. 基本地，基础地Pleasant adj. 友好的，和善的 please v. 使高兴, 使满意 pleasure n. 愉快； 娱乐 pleased adj. 高兴的；Appear v. 显得，看来，似乎 appearance n. 外观Actor n. 演员 actress n. 女演员 act v. 表演Separately adv. 单独地，分别地 separate v. 分开 adj.单独的3、重点句型1. I

17、n the second stage, think about the kinds of characters you want and what they will look like. （P51，L9）在第二个阶段，思考关于你塑造的人物以及他们的样子。 解释You want 在句中修饰characters,它其实是一个省略了that/which 的定语从句，用以修饰或限定被修饰的词语（即先行词）。后面的what在这里是引导宾语从句，并在句中充当look like的宾语。 举例This is the book (that) you are looking for.这是你正在找的书。Pleas

18、e think over what i said yesterday.请仔细考虑我昨天所说的话。 运用（1）你觉得昨天看的那部电影怎么样？（汉译英）（2）Stop complaining about the traffic. Just think about _ we can do to improve it.A. where B.how C.what 2. To make the characters and things appear to move, each picture should be made a little different from the one before it

19、.(P51,L15)为了使人物和东西看起来好像在动，每一幅画跟之前的那副画都应该有一点点不一样的地方。 解释to make the characters and things appear to move为了不定式作状语，表目的。 举例To catch up with others, he works hard day and night.为了能赶上其他人，他日夜辛苦地工作。 运用_(get) there before dark, they started out early in the morning.3. Sound effects, like the noise of the unde

20、rground, must also be added separately.(P51,L23)音效，比如地铁的噪音，必须单独添加。 解释Like 意为“例如”，在此处是举例说明。 举例The value of the metals, like gold and silver in the waste around the world, is amazing.金属的价值，如世界各地地废弃物中的金和银，是很惊人的。 运用Some sports or games can go back to thousands of years,_ running and jumping.4. After eve

21、rything has been checked, the cartoon is ready to be played for everyone to enjoy.(P51,L25)一切工作检查无误之后，卡通片就准备好为大家播放来欣赏了。 解释after 意为“在.之后”，引导时间状语从句。后面的to be played是不定式的被动式，表示其逻辑主语是动作的承受者，具有被动意义。 举例After we had finished tea, we all sat on the grass.我们喝完茶后，都坐在草地上。He begged to be allowed to return to his motherland.他恳求允许他返回祖国。 运用(1) After you left, we all missed you.（英译汉）(2) I dont want _(disturb) right now.