高中英语实用语法讲解及练习.docx

1、高中英语实用语法讲解及练习一 谓语动词 1 二 句子的成分 5 三 简单句的基本句型 9 四 动词的时态和语态 14 五 句子的种类 24 六 名词 31 七 代词 35 八 形容词和副词 40 九 情态动词 50十 特殊句式 59十一 非谓语动词 66十二 主谓一致 75十三 定语从句 82十四 名词性从句 89十五 状语从句 97参考答案一、谓语动词答案解析： 104二、句子的成分答案解析： 106三、简单句的五种基本句型的答案： 107四、时态及语态答案解析： 107五、句子种类答案： 109六、名词答案解析： 112七、代词答案解析： 113八、形容词副词答案解析： 115九、情态动词

2、及虚拟语气答案解析： 117十、特殊句式答案解析： 119十一、非谓语讲练答案解析： 121十二、主谓一致答案解析： 124十三、定语从句答案解析： 126十四、名词性从句答案解析： 129十五、状语从句答案解析： 131一 谓语动词动词分为谓语动词和非谓语动词(to do，doing，done)。 谓语动词：一般情况下在句子中做谓语的都是动词。在句子中可以做谓语的有以下四类动词。系动词 表示状态的词is，am，are，was，were. 表示主语的性质和状态不能独立作谓语，和表语一起构成谓语。作表语的常有名词，介词短语，形容词，和表示方位的副词。变否定句，疑问句直接在be动词后加not，或b

3、e动词提前。eg. I am happy today. My book is on the desk. He is a student. We are not here. 系动词表示：主语是什么，怎么样，在哪儿。表示感官的系动词。look(看起来)，smell(闻起来)，taste(尝起来)，sound(听起来)，feel(摸起来，感到). eg. The flowers smell sweet. Did you see the flowers smelling sweet in the park. (smelling 在此作定语)表示变化的系动词。become，get（后常跟adj的比较级和

4、被动形式），turn（常跟颜色的词），go（跟bad，mad等不好的词） ，fall（fall asleep/ill），come(come true)，grow(grow old)等。He became a doctor when he grew up. He turn doctor when he grew up. (become后的名词加a，turn后的名词不加冠词)The traffic lights turn green. 表示保持的系动词。keep，stay，last，remain. It remains to be done有待于被eg. No one can remain you

5、ng forever. 没有人可以永保青春。We should stay relaxed when we are stuck in a traffic jam. It remains to be discussed whether we will have a meeting today. 表示像，似乎。seem，appear，lookeg. It doesnt seem true to me. 注意：除了做系动词，也可做实义动词，做系动词时后跟形容词，不可以用被动。实义动词后常跟副词。但是这几类系动词变否定句，疑问句时用助动词do，does，did. 且不可以用被动。eg. The drin

6、king tastes sweet. The cook is tasting the fish . （正在品尝鱼）The apple is tasted good. ()The apple doesnt taste good. Does the drinking taste sweet?实义动词（有实际意义的动词）可以独立做谓语。及物动词，即可以直接跟宾语，也可以用被动。不及物动词，不可以直接跟宾语，也没有被动eg. We raise our hands when we have problems. 被动-Our hands are raised. He is reading a book.

7、被动-The book is read. The food is running out. (食物用光了。)The sun rises in the east. (run out和rise都不能变被动)助动词 帮助实义动词完成句式的变化，即变成否定句或疑问句。 帮助实义动词完成时态和语态的变化，助动词不能独立作谓语，和实义动词一起构成谓语。eg. Many students didnt know the importance of English. Do you know the importance of English. She hasnt bought a new pair of sho

8、es. They were discussing something about climate change. (此处were是助动词)They will discuss something about climate change. English is spoken all over the world. 情态动词 （can，may，might，must，should等表示情感语气的词）不能独立做谓语，其后必须有动词原形。eg. We should follow the school rules. We must be careful when we cross the road. Pr

9、actice:1. In late autumn leaves _ brown. A. get B. turn C. stand D. come 2. Little Jims speech sounds _. A. friendly B. wonderfully C. pleasantly D. nicely 3. The poor boy _ blind at the age of three. A. turned B. went C. became D. looked 4. When he grew up，Francs dream _. A. was alive B. grew patie

10、nce C. ran wild D. came true 5. In spring，all the flowers in the garden _ sweet. A. become B. taste C. smell D. sound 6. His mother _ teacher. A. became B. has turned C. came D. proved 7. At last he _ worker. A. became B. turned C. changed D. grew8. When did you _ yesterday? A. arrive B. reach C. ge

11、t D. get to9. Will the meeting be _ next week?A. held B. taken place C. happen D. happened10. Weve _ friends for many years. A. been B. become C. made D. promised11. Eggs _ bad easily in summer. A. go B. become C. are D. change12. At that moment the water in the river _ to a dangerous point. A. rais

12、ed B. increased C. added D. rose13. I love to go to the seaside in summer. It _ good to lie in the sun or swim in the cool air. A. does B. feels C. gets D. makes14. Rose has _ asleep. Dont wake him up. A. felt B. gone C. turned D. fallen15. I used to _ at this hotel when I had been in this town. A.

13、remain B. stay C. rest D. live16. Always acting in a strange way，Einstein always _ to be mad to people around. A. shown B. imagined C. thought D. appeared17. Where does Mr. Black come from? Im not sure，but his English _ Australian. A. sounds B. listens C. seems D. suggests18. All the rooms are _ wit

14、h electric lights. A. supplied B. given C. offered D. burnt19. Experts say walking is one of the best ways for a person to _ healthy. A. feel B. stay C. fall D. change20. Papermaking began in China and from here it _ to North Africa and Europe. A. spread B. grew C. carried D. developed21. The palace caught fire three times in the last century，and little of the original building _ now. A. remains B. is remained C. is remaining D. has been remained22. Some people eat with their eyes. They prefer to order what _ nice. A. looks B. smells C. feels D. tastes 23. Excuse me. I _ I was blocking yo