高考英语必修4Unit+2+Working+the+land22Part+Ⅱ+Word版含答案.docx

1、高考英语必修4Unit+2+Working+the+land22Part+Word版含答案Part Learning about Language & Using Language.重点单词1_n细菌2_n. 害虫；害兽；害鸟3_n. 营养；滋养；食物4_n. 焦点；中心点vt. 集中；聚焦5_n. 土壤6_vt. 减少；减缩7_n. 根；根源8_vt. 浏览；略读9_vt. 画底线标出；强调10_n. 评论；议论vi. & vt. 表达意见；作出评论答案1.bacteria2.pest3.nutrition4.focus5soil5.reduce7.root8.skim9.underline

2、10comment.词汇拓展1_vt. 使迷惑；使为难_adj. 困惑的；烦恼的_令人困惑的_n. 困惑；混乱2_vt. 遗憾；惋惜n. 遗憾；懊悔_adj. 遗憾的；后悔的_adv. 遗憾地；痛惜地3_adj. 化学的；关于化学的_n. 化学4_n. 矿物；矿石_n. 矿；矿山5_n. 生产；制造_vt. 生产；制造_n. 生产者；制片人6_n. 发现；发觉_vt. 发现_n. 发现者7_n. 总结；摘要；概要_vt. 总结；概括答案1.confuse；confused；confusing；confusion2regret；regretful；regretfully3.chemical；ch

3、emistry4mineral；mine5.production；produce；producer6discovery；discover；discoverer7summary；summarize.重点短语1cause damage to_2wash off _3build up _4lead to _5集中(注意力、精力等)于 _6使免受(影响、伤害等)；使不含(有害物) _7另外 _8转向；向求助 _9每(隔)几年 _答案1.给造成损害2.将洗掉；洗净3逐渐增强；建立；开发4.导致；造成(后果)；通向5focus on6.keep.free from/of7.in addition8turn

4、 to9.every few years.重点句式1have been doing 现在完成进行时Recently，however，scientists _that longterm use of these fertilizers can cause damage to the land and，even more dangerous，to peoples health.然而，最近科学家发现长期使用这些肥料会造成土地受损，甚至更危险的是，会对人们的健康造成危害。2too.to. “太而不能”句式In addition，fruit，vegetables and other food grown

5、 with chemical fertilizers usually grow _fast _be full of much nutrition.另外，施过化肥的水果、蔬菜和其他食物通常生长得过快而营养不足。3现在分词短语作结果状语Crops such as peas or soybeans put important minerals back into the soil，_such as wheat or corn that need rich and fertile soil.像豌豆或大豆这样的农作物将重要的矿物质带回土壤，从而使之适宜于种植要求土壤肥沃的农作物，比如小麦或玉米。答案1.

6、have been finding2.too；to3.making it ready for crops.课文理解1From the passage，we can see organic farmers are those who_.Agrow crops with chemical fertilizersBgrow crops with natural fertilizersCproduce organic fertilizersDcare for the environment2From the fourth paragraph，we know that_.Aits not good to

7、 plant grass between cropsBpeanuts use the surface of soilCpeas and soybeans should be grown together with corn and wheatDvegetables that put down deep roots are harmful to the soil3Farmers_so that the soil may not get exhausted.Agrow the same crops year after yearBuse natural fertilizersCchange cro

8、ps every few yearsDuse chemical fertilizers4How many ways do the organic farmers have to keep their soil fertile and healthy?A3.B4.C5.D6.答案14BBCB教材原文CHEMICAL OR ORGANIC FARMING?Over the past half century, using chemical fertilizers has become very common in farming. Many farmers welcomed them as a g

9、reat way to stop crop disease and increase production.Recently, however，scientists have been finding that longterm use of these fertilizers can cause damage to the land and, even more dangerous, to peoples health.What are some of the problems caused by chemical fertilizers？First, they damage the lan

10、d by killing the helpful bacteria and pests as well as the harmful ones. Chemicals also stay in the ground and underground water for a long time. This affects crops and, therefore，animals and humans, since chemicals get inside the crops and cannot just be washed off. These chemicals in the food supp

11、ly build up in peoples bodies over time. Many of these chemicals can lead to cancer or other illnesses. In addition，fruit, vegetables and other food grown with chemical fertilizers usually grow too fast to be full of much nutrition. They may look beautiful, but inside there is usually more water tha

12、n vitamins and minerals.With these discoveries, some farmers and many customers are beginning to turn to organic farming. Organic farming is simply farming without using any chemicals. They focus on keeping their soil rich and free of disease. A healthy soil reduces disease and helps crops grow stro

13、ng and healthy. Organic farmers, therefore, often prefer using natural waste from animals as fertilizer. They feel that this makes the soil in their fields richer in minerals and so more fertile. This also keeps the air, soil, water and crops free from chemicals.Organic farmers also use many other m

14、ethods to keep the soil fertile. They often change the kind of crop in each field every few years, for example, growing corn or wheat and then the next year peas or soybeans. Crops such as peas or soybeans put important minerals back into the soil, making it ready for crops such as wheat or corn tha

15、t need rich and fertile soil. Organic farmers also plant crops to use different levels of soil, for example, planting peanuts that use the grounds surface followed by vegetables that put down deep roots.Some organic farmers prefer planting grass between crops to prevent wind or water from carrying a

16、way the soil, and then leaving it in the ground to become a natural fertilizer for the next years crop. These many different organic farming methods have the same goal: to grow good food and avoid damaging the environment or peoples health.译文参照化学耕作还是有机耕作？在过去的半个世纪里，在耕作中使用化学肥料已经非常普遍。许多农民喜欢使用化肥，把化肥作为防治

17、农作物病虫害和增产的重要手段。然而，最近科学家们发现长期使用这些肥料会对土地造成损害，甚至更危险的是，会对人们的健康造成危害。化学肥料都能造成哪些问题呢？首先，它们杀死有害细菌和害虫的同时也杀死了有益细菌和益虫，从而对土地造成损害。化学肥料还会在土壤和地下水中保存很长时间。这将会影响农作物，因此影响到动物和人类，因为化学物质会进入到农作物里面，并且不能被冲洗掉。食物中的这些化学物质会随着时间的推移而在人体内逐渐堆积。很多化学物质能导致癌症或其他疾病。另外，使用化学肥料种植的水果、蔬菜和其他食物通常生长过快而缺少足够的营养。它们可能看起来很好，但里面通常含更多的水分而不是维生素和矿物质。由于这些

18、发现，一些农民和很多消费者开始转向有机耕作。有机耕作就是不使用任何化学肥料的耕作。他们主要是想保持土壤肥沃且免受病害。健康的土壤能减少病害并促进农作物茁壮生长。因此，有机耕作的农民通常更喜欢使用天然的动物粪便作肥料。他们认为这样能使土壤中的矿物质更丰富因而也会更肥沃。这也能使空气、土壤、水和农作物不受化学物质的污染。有机耕作的农民也使用很多其他的方式保持土壤肥沃。他们经常每隔几年就在一块土地里更换一次农作物，例如，今年种植玉米或小麦，来年改种豌豆和大豆。像豌豆或大豆这样的农作物能使土壤重新富含重要的矿物质，这为种植需要肥沃土壤的农作物，如小麦和玉米等做好了准备。有机耕作的农民也使用不同的土壤层

19、种植作物，例如，先种植生长在表层土壤的花生，然后种植生根于深层土壤的蔬菜。有些有机耕作的农民喜欢在农作物之间种草来防止水土流失，然后将草留在地里成为来年农作物的天然肥料。这些不同的有机耕作方式有一个相同的目标：种植好粮食并避免损害环境和人们的健康。Be careful not to confuse quantity with/and quality.注意不要把数量与质量混淆了。I was getting confused by such a confusing problem.我正被这个困惑的问题搞得不知所措。If youre confused about anything，phone my

20、office.如果你有感到困惑的问题，给我办公室打电话。(1)confuse A with/and B把A与B混淆(2)be/get confused by sth. 被搞糊涂了be confused about sth. 对感到困惑(3)confusing adj. (事/物)令人困惑的；难懂的confused adj. (人)不知所措的；困惑的即学即用单句语法填空There was a_ look on his face when he met with the_ problem.(confuse)Im totally_(confuse)Could you account for that

21、 again?I always confuse you_your sisteryou look so alike.It was a_(confuse) question for me why they moved off in advance.答案confused；confusingconfusedwithconfusingAfter he considered the problem more carefully，he regretted making/having made such a hasty decision.仔细地考虑了这个问题后，他后悔做出了这么匆忙的决定。I regret t

22、o tell you that I cant travel to Beijing together with you at the appointed time.我很遗憾地告诉你我不能在约定的时间和你去北京了。Much to our regret，we will not be able to visit you next year.让我们深感遗憾的是，我们明年不能去拜访你了。(1)regret doing/having done sth.后悔做过某事(已经做了)regret to do sth. 很遗憾要做某事(还没有做)regret that. 对感到遗憾/后悔(2)(much) to on

23、es regret 令人(非常)遗憾的是with regret 遗憾地express regret at/about/for 对表示遗憾 巧学助记I regretted to tell her that she had been dismissed.Much to my regret，she said to me，“I have no regret.I only regret having taken the wrong job.”我很遗憾地告诉她她被解雇了，让我深感遗憾的是，她对我说：“我没有任何遗憾，我只是后悔选错了工作。”即学即用单句语法填空He regretted_(argue) wi

24、th the manager yesterday.I regret_(inform) you that the boss is not satisfied with your performance.That is to say，you are fired.Pierre immediately regretted not_(behave) well at such an important party.答案arguingto informbehavingWith great effort，she has reduced her weight by five kilograms in the p

25、ast 7 days.经过很大的努力，她在过去的七天里体重轻了5公斤。The price of that type of airconditioner has been reduced to 1,000 yuan.那种型号的空调的价格已经下降到了一千元。She was reduced to begging for a living.她被迫沦落至乞讨为生。reduce.by.把减少了reduce.to. 把减少到；把变为某种状态be reduced to 陷入某种境地名师点津reduce “减少”的近义词是decrease，反义词是increase，rise(增加)。这三个词与reduce用法一

26、样，后可接to.表示增减的结果，接by.表示增减的幅度。即学即用完成句子We are confident that the environment will be improved by our further efforts to_(减少污染)The number of the bikes they produce_(已经减少到)100,000 this year.If their marketing plans succeed，they will_their sales_(增加了) 20 percent.答案reduce pollutionhas reduced toincrease；by

27、She made helpful comments on/upon my work.她对我的工作提出了有益的意见。Dont offer comments if you cannot understand the real meaning.如果你不能真正理解它的意义，请不要乱提意见。People were always commenting on/upon my sisters looks.人们总是对我妹妹的容貌评头论足。(1)make comments on/upon sth.评论某事offer comments 提意见no comment 无可奉告(2)comment on/upon 对发表

28、评论comment that. 评论说即学即用单句语法填空Finally，my thanks go to my tutor，who has offered a lot of suggestions and comments _my paper.These_(comment) came in response to specific questions often asked by local newsmen.完成句子It is considerate of you to _(对不作评论)my sons bad behaviour in public.He did not _(对作评论) what I said.答案oncommentsmake no comment on/uponcomment onTheir achievements have built up my confidence and determination in my career.他们取得的成就增强了我对事业的信心和决心。Taking exercise helps us build up our body and keep a clear mind.锻炼有助于我们增强体质，保持头脑清醒。