Unit 2 The universal language 语言点知识梳理.docx

1、Unit 2 The universal language 语言点知识梳理Unit 2 The universal language 语言点(知识梳理)Unit 2 The universal language 语言点学习目标重点词汇cast, participate, awesome, condemn, dare, disturbing, seize / demand,evident, opportunity, tendency, decline, seek重点短语shortly after(wards), fall in love / at first sight, leave out,

2、put up, try out for,break up重点句型if necessary否定表达+比较级知识讲解重点词汇cast【原句回放】Some of the worlds greatest opera singers were cast in this production，and many great Chinese musicians also participated. 几位世界顶级歌剧演唱家担当主演，许多杰出的中国音乐家也参加了演出。She participated with her friend in the activity.她和朋友一起参与了这个活动。【拓展】辨析：part

3、icipate in, take part in, join in, attend, join1. participate in较正式，特指参加团体活动，暗示以一个积极的角色参加。2. take part in侧重参加某项群众性、集体性的工作或活动，突出参加者在其中发挥一定的作用。All the students took an active part in the thorough cleaning.所有的学生都积极参加了大扫除。3. join in通常指参加某种活动，尤指和其他人一起参加某项活动。May I join in the game? 我可以参加这个比赛吗？4. attend意为“

4、出席”，表示在某种比较正式的场合出现。如，上课，参加会议等。attend a meeting/ party/ wedding 参加会议/聚会/婚礼 attend school 上学5. join指加入党派、团体或某人中去，侧重于“成为其中一员”。Will you join us for dinner? 请你和我们一起吃饭好吗？awesome【原句回放】Just imagine performing such an opera in the Forbidden Citythere could not be a more awesome setting！ 想想在紫禁城上演这出歌剧吧不可能有比这更好

5、的场景了！【点拨】awesome adj. 极好的；令人惊叹的；令人敬畏的He looks totally awesome in his new suit.他穿新西服显得气派极了。The eruption of a volcano is awesome.火山爆发的景象令人惊叹。An awesome thunderstorm struck the city yesterday.昨天，一场可怕的暴风雨侵袭了这个城市。condemn【原句回放】Those who cannot answer all three riddles however，will be condemned to death. 然

6、而，三个谜语都猜错的人会被处以死刑。【点拨】condemn vt. 宣判，判刑，处刑；谴责，声讨常用搭配：condemn sb. /sth. as. 指责某人/物是condemn sb. for sth. 因某事而指责某人be condemned to death 被处死The government issued a statement condemning the killings.政府发表声明谴责这些凶杀事件。The judge condemned/ sentenced the thief to six months imprisonment.法官判处那个小偷六个月监禁。The paper

7、s were quick to condemn him for his mistake.报纸很快就因为他的失误指责了他。dare【原句回放】This means that few men would dare to ask for her hand in marriage. 这意味着几乎没人胆敢向她求婚。【点拨】dare vi. / vt / aux. 敢，敢于，胆敢1. dare作实义动词常用搭配：dare to do sth. 敢于做某事Nobody dared to challenge his authority.没人敢挑战他的权威。David did not dare to argue

8、 with his boss.大卫不敢和他的老板争辩。2. dare用作情态动词，后跟动词原形，有时态的变化（过去式dared），但没有人称的变化,主要用于疑问句、否定句和条件句中。3. I dare say已成习惯说法，表示“我想，也许”。How dare she do things like that to me?她怎么敢对我做那种事?Dare you catch the mouse? I darent do that.你敢去抓那只老鼠吗？我不敢抓。If you dare say that to our teacher, I will vote for you.如果你敢向我们的老师说那件事

9、，我就投你一票。disturbing【原句回放】The emperor finds the deaths of so many men disturbing，and although he would like to，he cannot break his promise. 皇帝发现这么多人死去而感到不安，然而尽管他想做到，但是他却不能违背自己的诺言。【点拨】disturbing adj. 令人不安的；使人烦恼的 （表示事物的性质）It is very disturbing that I heard of your illness.听说你的病情后，我很不安。He brought us a di

10、sturbing piece of news.他给我们带来了一条令人烦恼的消息。【拓展1】disturbed adj. 被扰乱的，不安的（表示人的感觉）His long speech was so disturbing that we felt deeply disturbed.他的长篇大论非常烦人，我们感到烦躁不安。【拓展2】disturb v. 扰乱，使不安，弄乱Please avoid disturbing me during the day.白天请不要打扰我。The mother opened the door quietly so as not to disturb the slee

11、ping baby.妈妈轻轻地打开门，以免打扰了睡着的婴儿。seize / demand【原句回放】Calafs father and Liu have been seen accompanying Calaf, so Turandot seizes Calafs father and Liu, and demands that they tell her Calafs name or theyll be beaten. 卡拉夫的父亲和柳儿被人看到陪伴着卡拉夫，所以，图兰朵抓住卡拉夫的父亲和柳儿，要求告知卡拉夫的名字，否则他就要挨打。【点拨1】seize vt. 抓住；夺取；占领We shou

12、ld seize every opportunity to develop the economy.我们要把握一切机遇发展经济。The policeman seized the thief by the collar.警察抓住了小偷的领子。The campaign to seize the city was a failure.攻占这个城市的战役失败了。【点拨2】demand v. 要求，需要；询问n. 要求，需求（量）常用搭配：demand sth. of sb. 向某人要求某物demand to do 需要做demand that . (从句用虚拟语气：should+动词原形，should

13、可省略)It seemed that no matter what she did, more was demanded of her.似乎无论她做了什么，别人要求她的就更多。He kept demanding to know how it got there.他不停地要求知道它是怎样到那里的。He demands that he (should) be told everything. = He demands to be told everything.他要求被告知一切。“What is the meaning of this?”he demanded.“这是什么意思?”他追问道。【拓展】

14、demanding adj. 过分要求的，苛求的evident【原句回放】When it becomes evident what happened, Calaf scolds Turandot for not being more merciful. 当所发生的一切已显而易见时，卡拉夫斥责图兰朵没有慈悲之心。【点拨】evident adj. 明显的；明白的It has now become evident to us that a mistake has been made.我们已经清楚出了差错。The applause made it evident the play was a hit.

15、掌声显然表明该剧是成功的。This fact is too evident to require proof.这事实很明显,用不着证明。opportunity【原句回放】It was a real opportunity for me to be cast. 被选中参加演出是我千载难逢的机会。【点拨】opportunity n. 机遇，良机注意：opportunity表示抽象意义是不可数名词，表示具体的“机会”是可数名词。常用搭配：opportunity to do/ of doing sth. 做某事的机会opportunity for sth. 的机会take/ seize the opp

16、ortunity 抓住机会Youll have the opportunity to ask any questions at the end.你们最后将有机会提问任何问题。The quiz was a good opportunity for the exhibition of his knowledge.这次测验是他显示知识的好机会。I love the country, but I have less opportunity of seeing it.我热爱乡村，但我几乎没有机会见到它。【拓展】chance 和 opportunity1. chance常指因为运气或偶然而出现的机遇,含有

17、侥幸的意味在内。2. opportunity常指有利于或适合于采取行动，以达到某一目的或实现某种愿望的最佳时机或难得的良机。3. chance还可表示可能性，而opportunity不能。They have no chance to escape.他们没有机会逃跑。The chances that the miners will survive are small.矿工们生还的可能性不大。tendency【原句回放】During the early part of the 19th century, black musicians used these folk songs to create

18、 a kind of music called the blues, because it had a tendency to be very sad. 在19世纪早期，黑人音乐家们根据这些民歌创造了一种音乐形式叫“蓝调音乐（又译布鲁斯）”，因为这种音乐往往比较忧伤。【点拨】tendency n. 趋势，倾向，偏好常用搭配：tendency to/ towards sth. 的倾向have a tendency to do sth. 倾向于做某事，往往会做某事There is a tendency towards regional cooperation.有一种地区性合作的趋势。There i

19、s a growing tendency for people to work at home instead of in offices.人们在家里而不是在办公室里工作的趋势日益增长。Boys have a stronger tendency to fight than girls.男孩子比女孩子好打架。【拓展】tend vi. 趋向, 往往是；vt. 照顾常用搭配：tend to 往往会，倾向于，留意，注意tend to do sth. 有做倾向/趋势Youd better tend to your own affairs.你还是管好自己的事情吧!Women tend to live lo

20、nger than men.女性往往比男性长寿。Since his mother was ill, he had to tend her at home.因为母亲病了，他得在家照料她。decline【原句回放】From the early 1930s to the early 1950s，traditional jazz went into a bit of a declining，and was replaced in popularity by a new kind of music known as swing. 自20世纪30年代初到20世纪50年代早期，传统爵士乐稍呈滑坡式，在人气上

21、被一种叫摇摆乐的新式音乐所取代。【点拨】decline n& vi. 衰落，衰败；下降；拒绝常用搭配：decline an offer/invitation 谢绝帮助/邀请decline to do sth. 拒绝做某事fall/sink into a decline 开始衰落，衰弱下去on the decline 走下坡路，在衰退中His health has begun to decline recently.他的健康最近开始衰退了。He declined to discuss his plan with the newspaper men.他谢绝与新闻记者讨论他的计划。There has

22、 been a gradual decline in the population of the town.该镇的人口一直在逐渐减少中。seek【原句回放】In the early 1950s, a record company owner from Memphis, Tennessee, Sam Philips, sought to bring rock music to white audiences. 在20世纪50年代早期，一位来自田纳西州孟菲斯城的唱片公司老板萨姆菲利普斯试图将摇滚乐带给白人听众。【点拨】seek (sought, sought) vt. & vi. 寻找；寻求；试图

23、，设法常用搭配：seek to do sth. 企图做某事seek (for / after) sth. 寻找某物seek out 找出；找到seek ones fortune 寻找成功/致富之路；闯世界seek (sb.s) advice / help 征求意见；请求帮助If you want to seek for success, you must work hard.如果你想追求成功，就必须努力工作。Billions of farmers pour into big cities to seek their fortune in China.在中国数以亿计的农民工涌入大城市去淘金。Th

24、ey are seeking the most reasonable diet that will do good to their health.他们在寻找有益于他们健康的最合理的饮食。重点短语shortly after(wards)【原句回放】Shortly afterwards，another prince，Calaf，falls in love with Turandot at first sight and decides to solve the riddles so that he can marry her. 后来不久，另一王子，卡拉夫第一眼就爱上了图兰朵，并且决定猜谜以便娶她

25、。【点拨】shortly after(wards) 不久以后；没过多久注意：shortly after还可以引导状语从句，但是shortly afterwards不能。Shortly afterwards, the police stopped the car and both men were arrested.不一会，警察就截住了他们的车，把这两个人都逮捕了。Shortly after he graduated from college, he went abroad.他一毕业就出国了。Unfortunately, she herself was infected and died sho

26、rtly after.很不幸，她自己受到传染，不久便去世了。fall in love / at first sight【原句回放】Shortly afterwards，another prince, Calaf, falls in love with Turandot at first sight and decides to solve the riddles so that he can marry her. 后来不久，另一王子，卡拉夫第一眼就爱上了图兰朵，并且决定猜谜以便娶她。【点拨1】fall in love 与(某人)相爱，坠入爱河注意：fall in love with sb.是短

27、暂性动词短语，如果与“一段时间”连用，要用be in love with sb.（在热恋着）。The report claims that when women fall in love, they tend to eat more.报告称女子恋爱时往往吃得多。They met and fell in love with each other during the Second World War.二战期间，他们相遇并且相恋。【点拨2】at first sight 初次见面，乍一看I spotted the marked dumpling at first sight.我一眼就看见那个带记号的

28、饺子。At first sight their demands seemed reasonable.乍看之下，他们的要求似乎很合理。【拓展】含sight的短语catch sight of. 看见 lose sight of. 看不到out of sight 在视野范围外 in/within sight 在视野范围内leave out【原句回放】Underline the words you could leave out so as to make the dialogue more concise. 给能省略的单词划线以使对话更加简洁。【点拨】leave out 漏掉；删掉，省去；不理会，忽

29、视She left out the date on the cheque.支票中她漏写了日期。You can leave out some unimportant details in your composition.作文中可以省去一些不重要的细节。No one speaks to him; hes always left out.没人跟他说话，他总是被忽视。【拓展】相关短语：leave. for. 离开 去 leave alone 不管；不理会leave aside 搁置 leave behind 留下，遗忘，遗留leave off 停止（做某事） leave over 遗留，使剩余put

30、 up【原句回放】One day, I saw a poster put up by the production companys Personnel Department, saying they were looking for singers. 一天，我看到了一张由这个制作公司的人事部张贴的海报，上面说他们正在招聘歌手。【点拨】put up 张贴，搭建，举起，修建，提供食宿She put up her hand to screen her eyes from the sun.她举起手挡住直射眼睛的太阳光。He had put up a basket on a pole in the b

31、ack yard.他在后院一根柱子上安一个球篮。A new skyscraper has been put up downtown.市中心又建起了一座摩天大厦。He put up a poster advertising the circus.他贴了一张宣传马戏团的海报。【拓展】put构成的短语put away 收拾；整理；储存 put off 延期；推迟put out 熄灭；扑灭 put aside 节省（钱、时间）；储蓄put up with 忍受；忍耐 put on 穿上；演出try out for【原句回放】I applied for the job，and they sent me an invitation to try out for a part in the chorus.我申请了这份工作，他们给我发了邀请，让我在合唱团里试演一个角色。【点拨】try out for 参加选拔赛Over fifty boys came to try out for the football team. 五十多个男