小学必须掌握的英语语法知识点汇总.docx

1、小学必须掌握的英语语法知识点汇总小学必要掌握英语语法知识点一、名词复数规则1普通状况下，直接加-s，如：book-books，bag-bags，cat-cats，bed-beds2以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses，box-boxes，brush-brushes，watch-watches3以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i，再加-es，如：family-families，strawberry-strawberries4以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v，再加-es，如：knife-knives5不规则名词复数：man-men，woman-women，policem

2、an-policemen，policewoman-policewomen，mouse-mice ;child-children；foot-feet,；tooth-teethfish-fish，people-people，Chinese-Chinese，Japanese-Japanese写出下列各词复数 I _him _this _her _watch _child _diary _sandwich _ foot_ book_ dress _peach_ box_ thief _thieves_orange _ man_ woman_ watch fox 特殊tooth_ sheep _day_

3、days_二、普通当前时普通当前时基本用法简介 【No. 1】普通当前时功能1.表达事物或人物特性、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色。2.表达经常性或习惯性动作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。3.表达客观现实。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。普通当前时构成1. be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其他。如：I am a boy.我是一种男孩。2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其他)。如：We study English.咱们学习英语。当主语为第三人称单数(he，she,it)时，

4、要在动词后加-s或-es。 如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。普通当前时变化1. be动词变化。否定句：主语+ be + not +其他。如：He is not a worker.她不是工人。普通疑问句：Be +主语+其他。如：-Are you a student?-Yes. I am. / No，Im not.特殊疑问句：疑问词+普通疑问句。如：Where is my bike?2.行为动词变化。否定句：主语+ dont( doesnt ) +动词原形(+其他)。如：I dont like bread.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesnt构成否定句。如：He doe

5、snt often play.普通疑问句：Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其他。如： Do you often play football?- Yes，I do. / No，I dont.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成普通疑问句。如：- Does she go to work by bike?- Yes，she does. / No，she doesnt.特殊疑问句：疑问词+普通疑问句。如：How does your father go to work?动词+s变化规则1普通状况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks，milk-milks2以s. x. sh. ch. o结

6、尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses，wash-washes，watch-watches，go-goes3以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i，再加-es，如：study-studies普通当前时用法专练:一、写出下列动词第三人称单数 drink _ go _ stay _ make _look _ have_ pass_carry _ _come_ watch_ plant_ fly _flies_study_ brush_ do_teach_二、用括号内动词恰当形式填空。1. He often _(have) dinner at home.2. Daniel and Tommy _(b

7、e) in Class One.3. We _(not watch) TV on Monday.4. Nick _(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.5. _ they _(like) the World Cup?6. What _they often _(do) on Saturdays?7. _ your parents _(read) newspapers every day?8. The girl _(teach) us English on Sundays.9. She and I _(take) a walk together every evening.1

8、0. There _(be) some water in the bottle.11. Mike _(like) cooking.12. They _(have) the same hobby.13. My aunt _(look) after her baby carefully.14. You always _(do) your homework well.15. I _(be) ill. Im staying in bed.16. She _(go) to school from Monday to Friday.17. Liu Tao _(do) not like PE.18. The

9、 child often _(watch) TV in the evening.19. Su Hai and Su Yang _(have) eight lessons this term.20.What day _(be) it today? Its Saturday.三、按照规定改写句子1. Daniel watches TV every evening.(改为否定句)_2. I do my homework every day.(改为普通疑问句，作否定回答)_3. She likes milk.(改为普通疑问句，作必定回答)_ _4. Amy likes playing computer

10、 games.(改为普通疑问句，作否定回答)_5. We go to school every morning.(改为否定句)_6. He speaks English very well.(改为否定句)_7. I like taking photos in the park.(对划线某些提问)_8. John comes from Canada.(对划线某些提问)_9. She is always a good student.(改为普通疑问句，作否定回答)_10. Simon and Daniel like going skating.(改为否定句)_五、改错(划出错误地方，将对的写在横线

11、上)1. Isyour brother speak English? _2. Does he likes going fishing? _3. He likes play games after class. _4. Mr. Wu teachs us English. _5. She dont do her homework on Sundays. _三、当前进行时1当前进行时表达当前正在进行或发生动作，也可表达当前一段时间内活动或现阶段正在进行动作。2当前进行时必定句基本构造为be+动词ing.3当前进行时否定句在be后加not。4当前进行时普通疑问句把be动词调到句首。5当前进行时特殊疑问

12、基本构造为：疑问词不达意 + be + 主语 + 动词ing? 但疑问词当主语时其构造为： 疑问词不达意 + be + 动词ing?动词加ing变化规则1普通状况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking2以不发音e结尾，去e加ing，如：make-making，taste-tasting3如果末尾是一种元音字母和一种辅音字母，双写末尾辅音字母，再加ing，如：run-running，stop-stopping当前进行时专项练习：一、写出下列动词当前分词：play_ run_ swim _make_go_ like_write_ _ski_ read_ have_ sing_ dance_

13、put_ see_ buy _ love_ live_ take_ come _get_stop_ sit _ begin_ shop_二、用所给动词对的形式填空：1.The boy _ ( draw)a picture now.2. Listen .Some girls _ ( sing)in the classroom .3. My mother _ ( cook )some nice foodnow.4. What _ you _ ( do ) now?5. Look . They _( have) an English lesson .6.They _(not ,water) the

14、flowers now.7.Look！the girls _(dance )in the classroom .8.What is our granddaughter doing?She _(listen ) to music.9. Its5oclock now. We _(have)supper now10._Helen_(wash )clothes?Yes ,she is .三、句型转换：1. They are doing housework .(分别改成普通疑问句和否定句)_2The students are cleaning the classroom . ( 改普通疑问句并作必定和否

15、定回答)_3Im playing the football in the playground .(对划线某些进行提问)_4Tom is reading books in his study . (对划线某些进行提问)_四、普通将来时一、概念：表达将要发生动作或存在状态及打算、筹划或准备做某事。句中普通有如下时间状语：tomorrow，next day(week，month，year),soon，the day after tomorrow（后天）等。 二、基本构造：be going to + do；will+ do. 三、否定句：在be动词（am，is，are）l后加not或情态动词will

16、后加not成wont。例如：Im going to have a picnic this afternoon. Im not going to have a picnic this afternoon.四、普通疑问句： be或will提到句首，some改为any，and改为or，第一二人称互换。例如：We are going to go on an outing this weekend. Are you going to go on an outing this weekend?五、对划线某些提问。普通状况，普通将来时对划线某些有三种状况。1. 问人。Who 例如：Im going to N

17、ew York soon. Whos going to New York soon.2. 问干什么。What do.例如： My father is going to watch a race with me this afternoon. What is your father going to do with you this afternoon.3. 问什么时候。When.例如：Shes going to go to bed at nine. When is she going to bed?六、同义句：be going to = willI am going to go swimmin

18、g tomorrow（明天）. = I will go swimming tomorrow. 练习：填空。1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I_ _ _ have a picnic with my friends.I _ have a picnic with my friends.2.下个星期一你打算去干嘛?我想去打篮球。What _ _ _ _ _ next Monday?I _ _ _ play basketball.What _ you do next Monday?I _ play basketball.3. 你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买某些水果。_ your mother _ _

19、go shopping this _?Yes，she _. She _ _ _ buy some fruit.4. 你们打算什么时候会面。What time _ you _ _ meet?改句子。5. Nancy is going to go camping.（改否定）Nancy _ going to go camping.6. Ill go and join them.（改否定）I _ go _ join them.7. Im going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.（改普通疑问句）_ _ _ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow?8. We wil

20、l meet at the bus stop at 10:30.（改普通疑问句）_ _ meet at the bus stop at 10:30.9. She is going to listen to music after school.（对划线某些提问）_ _ she _ _ _ after school?10. My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.(同上)_ _ going to see a play the day after tomorrow.二。用所给词恰当形式填空。11. To

21、day is a sunny day. We _ (have) a picnic this afternoon.12. My brother _ (go) to Shanghai next week.13. Tom often _(go) to school on foot. But today is rain. He _ _ (go) to school by bike.14. What do you usually do at weekends?I usually _ (watch) TV and _ _(catch) insects?15. Its Friday today. What

22、_she _ (do) this weekend?She _ (watch) TV and _ (catch) insects.16. What _ (d0) you do last Sunday?I _ (pick) apples on a farm. What _ (do) next Sunday?I _ (milk) cows.17. Mary _ (visit) her grandparents tomorrow.18. Liu Tao _ (fly) kites in the playground yesterday.19.David _ (give) a puppet show n

23、ext Monday.20. I _ (plan) for my study now.五、普通过去时1普通过去时表达过去某个时间发生动作或存在状态，常和表达过去时间状语连用。普通过去时也表达过去经常或重复发生动作感谢。2Be动词在普通过去时中变化：am 和is在普通过去时中变为was。（was not=wasnt）are在普通过去时中变为were。（were not=werent）带有was或were句子，其否定、疑问变化和is，am，are同样，即否定句在was或were后加not，普通疑问句把was或were调到句首。3句中没有be动词普通过去时句子 否定句：didnt +动词原形，如：Jim didnt go home yesterday. 普通疑问句：在句首加did，句子中动词过去式变回原形。如：Did Jim go home yesterday? 特殊疑问句：疑问词+did+主语+动词原形？如： What did Jim do yesterday?疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去式？如：Who went to home yesterday?动词过去式变化规则：1普通在动词末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled，cook-cooked2结尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted3末尾只有一种元音字母和一种辅音