so和such用法小结教案资料.docx

1、so和such用法小结教案资料so和such用法小结 一,so的常见用法1.当so作副词,修饰形容词或副词时,表示程度,意为这么,那么.如:Don t be so silly.别那么傻.He ran so fast.他跑得那么快.2.如果so后无形容词,则so不能与名词连用.如:I ve never seen so tall a child(=such a tall child).我从未见过个儿那么高的小孩.切不可以说He is so a child.但是,so little,so much可与不可数名词连用,so few,so many可与复数名词连用如:Tom ate so much fo

2、od a meal.汤姆一餐吃了那么多的食物.There re so few people in the hall.大厅里的人很少.3.Sothat 意为如此以至于,是一个常见句型,也是中考常考的句型.如:Jane s leg was so painful that she couldn t move at all.简的腿那么疼,以至于根本动不了.该句型还可以转换成So + adj.+ a/an+名词结构.如:Mike is so clever a boy that all like him.麦克这么聪明,大家都喜欢他.so that意为以便,为的是,引导目的状语从句(该目的状语通常用情态动词

3、作谓语)如:They can help you to compare two different products so that you can buy the one you really like.他们能帮助你比较两种不同的产品,以便你能买到自己真正喜欢的.so that从句还可表示结果,意为因此, 如:His pen is missing,so that he hasn t done his homework.他的笔不见了,因此他无法完成作业.4.so与动词say,tell,think,believe,suppose等连用,可以替代一个意义完整的宾语从句.如:Is she a top

4、student in her class Yes,I think so.她是她们班最好的学生吗 是的,我想是这样.so与动词do连用,意为这样做,以避免重复前面的有关内容.而if so意为如果是这样.如:He did so in order to help her.他这样做是为了帮助她.Are you a student If so(=If you are ),may I have your name,please 你是学生吗 如果是,请问你叫什么名字 5.So + be/其他助动词/情态动词 + 主语是倒装结构,意为同样,也.这一结构在中考试题中也经常出现.如:I usually go to

5、 bed at night.So do I.我通常晚上睡觉.我也是.6.so作连词,表示结果,意为所以,因此.如:How do you like this shirt It s beautiful and it fits me well,so (that) I 1ike it very much.你喜欢这件衬衣吗 它既漂亮又很合身,因此我非常喜欢.7.not so +adj./adv.(原级)+as是一个常见的比较级句型,也是中考常考的句型,意思是不如,不及.如:The man doesn t work so hard as me.这个人工作不如我努力.二,such的常见用法1.such是限定

6、词,常和名词连用,意为如此的,这样的.如:She is such a kind woman.她是一个如此善良的女人.Grandpa often told us such funny stories.爷爷常给我们讲这么有趣的故事.Dont go out in such bad weather.天气这么糟,不要 出去区别：so是副词,修饰形容词和副词,在句中充当状语.Such为形容词修饰名词,在句中作定语,请看下面几个句子. The fish is so long. Dont drive so fast, its dangerous. Fred is so good a man.Fred is s

7、uch a good man. It was such interesting meeting.The meeting was so intersting. There were such a lot of people. There were so many people.以上句子中,句比较简单,so为副词,分别修饰形容词long和副词fast.句中的so修饰good,可用形容词such改为: Fred is such a good man. 这句话和原句的意义不变,但用so要用so+adj+a/an+n.的结构来表达.用such需用such+a/an+adj+n.的结构来表达.句中仍可按的

8、形式表达,但也可写成: The meeting was so interesting. 其句意不变.句中的such也可换为so,但更据习惯搭配,应将a lot of 变为many为宜,如其后所修析的名词为不可数名词,还需将a lot of改为much.如: With such a lot of time,they should have finished their homework 用so则为: With so much time, they so have finished their homework. 因此遇到这种情况,我们可将such+a lot of+n.结构变为so+many/m

9、uch+n.结构 再看这样一个句子: The enemy scattered in such a hurry. 可改为:The enemy scattered so hurriedly.又如: The plane flies at such a speed. 则可写成:The plane flies so fast. 这样的句子为such+a/an+n结构,改为so+adv结构其义不变. 在sothatclause中和suchthat-clause中,我们也可参照以上的结构来进行转换. 1、so + 形容词/副词 + that + 从句，如： This story is so interest

10、ing that I want to read it again. （这个故事如此有趣以至我想再读一次。） He spoke so quickly that I couldnt follow him. （他说得如此快以至我不能跟上他。） 2、so+形容词/副词+(a/an)+(单数)复数可数名词不可数名词+that+从句，如果句中的名词是单数可数名词，其前就要用不定冠词a或an，如果是复数可数名词或者不可数名词，前面就不用冠词，如： She is so lovely a girl that everyone loves he（这个故事如此有趣以至我想再读一次。）r. （她是如此可爱的一个女孩，

11、以至每个人都喜欢她。） Those are so beautiful flowers that the girl wants to pick them.（那些花是如此漂亮以至那个女孩想要摘下它们。） 3、such+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+that+从句，如： She is such a lovely girl that everyone loves her.（她是如此可爱的一个女孩，以至每个人都喜欢她。） It is such an interesting story that I want to read it again. （这是一个如此有趣的故事以至我想再读一次。） 4、such

12、+复数可数名词/不可数名词+that+从句，如： He showed such concern that people took him to be a relative.（他表现得如此关心以致于人们都把他当作亲戚了。）such 后面需要加名词词组,nice people 作为一个词组用,所以要用such 不用so .adj+N 前面用such adv+N 前面用so so 与such的区别： so是副词，修饰形容词或副词，作状语（如so good，so fast）；such是形容词，用来修饰名词，作定语。当名词之前有另外的形容词时，则在此形容词之前一般既可以用such，也可以用so。但要注意

13、不定冠词a an的位置。 比较so和 such 其规律由so与such的不同词性决定。such 是形容词，修饰名词或名词词组，so是副词，只能修饰形容词或副 词。so 还可与表示数量的形容词many，few，much， little连用，形成固定搭配。 so + adj. such + a(n) + n. so + adj. + a(n) + n. such + n. (pl.) so + adj. + n. (pl.) such +n. (pl.) so + adj. + n. 不可数 such +n. 不可数 so foolish such a fool so nice a flower

14、such a nice flower so many/ few flowers such nice flowers so much/little money. such rapid progress so many people such a lot of people so many 已成固定搭配，a lot of 虽相当于 many，但 a lot of 为名词性的，只能用such搭配。 sothat与suchthat之间的转换既为 so与such之间的转换。 简单说so 是副词，所以用来形容形容词和其他副词，如so cute, 甚至so-sosuch 是代词，那就只能修饰名词。如，suc

15、h weather, such good weather.这个地方最容易混，对吧？你可以替换其他代词来感受这个用法，比如such beautiful fish-this beautiful fishso和such用法及区别such和so两个单词意思相近，使用时很容易混淆。其实，这两个单词的用法并不相同，首先要注意的是，它们的词性不同；such为形容词，意为“这（那）样的；这（那）种；如此的”，主要修饰名词；如：No such thing has ever happened. I have never seen such a beautiful place before.而so是副词，意为“这（

16、那）么；这（那）样；如此地”，主要修饰形容词、副词和分词。如：Last time I saw him he was so fat! He was not so much angry as disappointed.但是，such和so都可以用于名词词组。本文主要介绍一下它们在名词词组中的用法。一、后接可数名词的单数形式1、直接跟名词时，用such；如：However did you make such a mistake? I have never heard of such a thing.Why are you in such a hurry?注意：当such前面有no时，必须省去不定冠词

17、a(an)，因为no such本身已经包括了不定冠词，相当于not such a(an)；如：I have no such book. (= I havent such a book.)2、跟带有形容词的名词时，既可以用such，也可以用so，但应注意冠词位置的不同，如：I have never seen such a tall man. I have never seen so tall a man.He is not such a clever boy as his brother. He is not so clever a boy as his brother.二、后接可数名词的复数形

18、式或集合名词，无论有无修饰语都用such，如：Such things often happen in our daily life. Such people are dangerous.Whales are such smart animals that they communicate with each other.He made such stupid mistakes that the teacher tore up the whole paper.三、后接不可数名词，无论有无修饰语都用such，如：Did you ever see such weather? You cant dri

19、nk such hot milk.She made such rapid progress that she soon began to write articles in English.四、当复数名词或集合名词之前有few，many；不可数名词之前有little，much修饰时，用so，如：so many people / so many students / so few daysso much time / so much money / so little time等。注意：上述词组中的so实际上修饰名词前的形容词。比较下列两句：I have met many such people

20、 in my life.I didnt expect to meet so many people there.上述两句中都有many，但却分别用了such和so，其位置不同，因此含义也不同。在中，many和such同时修饰后面的名词；而句中的so修饰的则是many。五、当many、much、little、few单独作为名词使用时，用so；如：There are so few that I cant give you one.This is the girl I have told you so much about.So much for today.六、such可以和all、some、ot

21、her、another、one、no、many、any、few、several等词同时修饰一个名词，但它的位置通常是放在这些词的后面，如：All such possibilities must be considered. I need some such cards.One such dictionary is enough for me.We have had several such Chinese paintings already.I hope never to meet with another such accident.其规律由so与such的不同词性决定。such 是形容词，

22、修饰名词或名词词组，so是副词，只能修饰形容词或副词。so 还可与表示数量的形容词many，few，much， little连用，形成固定搭配。so + adj.such + a(n) + n。so + adj. + a(n) + n.such + n. (pl。)so + adj. + n. (pl。) such +n. (pl。)so + adj. + n. 不可数such +n. 不可数so foolish such a foolso nice a flower such a nice flowerso many/ few flowers such nice flowersso much

23、/little money.such rapid progressso many people such a lot of peopleso many 已成固定搭配，a lot of 虽相当于 many，但 a lot of 为名词性的，只能用such搭配。sothat与suchthat之间的转换既为 so与such之间的转换。首先,我们应该弄清so是副词,修饰形容词和副词,在句中充当状语.Such为形容词修饰名词,在句中作定语,请看下面几个句子. The fish is so long. Dont drive so fast, its dangerous. Fred is so good a

24、 man. It was such interesting meeting. There were such a lot of people. 以上句子中,句比较简单,so为副词,分别修饰形容词long和副词fast.句中的so修饰good,可用形容词such改为: Fred is such a good man. 这句话和原句的意义不变,但用so要用so+adj+a/an+n.的结构来表达.用such需用such+a/an+adj+n.的结构来表达.句中仍可按的形式表达,但也可写成: The meeting was so interesting. 其句意不变.句中的such也可换为so,但更

25、据习惯搭配,应将a lot of 变为many为宜,如其后所修析的名词为不可数名词,还需将a lot of改为much.如: With such a lot of time,they should have finished their homework 用so则为: With so much time, they so have finished their homework. 因此遇到这种情况,我们可将such+a lot of+n.结构变为so+many/much+n.结构 再看这样一个句子: The enemy scattered in such a hurry. 可改为:The en

26、emy scattered so hurriedly.又如: The plane flies at such a speed. 则可写成:The plane flies so fast. 这样的句子为such+a/an+n结构,改为so+adv结构其义不变. 在sothatclause中和suchthat-clause中,我们也可参照以上的结构来进行转换. 下面我再就so和such的其它用法作一讨论. 先看so的一个用法:替代. I enjoyed the music and so did my wife. If my brother is allowed to go out, so shou

27、ld I be.0 You are young, so am I I love sport. So do you. A She will learn English, and so shall I, and so will her sister. A组五个句子,都表示前面的情况也适合后者的情况,但主语不指同一人.需用下面的结构表达: So+ be/have/do/助动词+主语 Tomorrow will be your birthday. You are right, so it will. It was cold yesterday. Yes, so it was. Father, you

28、promised to buy it for me. I hoped to win and so I shall. B组so所引起的句子,实际上是对前面句意的重复,从语气上更加肯定前句的意思,肯定无疑,信十足.在这种句子中,主语所指相同,那么应用下面结构来表达: So+主语+be/have/do/助动词 就A,B两组句子,我们不难看出,在这种结构中,so替代的不外乎三种情况:谓语,谓语的一部分或非谓语动词短语. 再看such作代词的一个用法. 在英语学习中,我们会碰到如下的句子: Such were the results. Such is his fate. Such are the fac

29、ts. 好多书中谈及such是作主语.但是,我也注意到要such之后的be是随着其后的形式而变化的.我认为似乎作表语更容易理解些.如下面的句子: Such is life. Such were his words. Such is her reward. 以上三例均出自牛津现代高级英汉双解辞典,它指明such在此均作表语使用.另陕西人民出版社出版的简明英语语法也有同样的观点: Such is the power of the press; such the state of man. 由此看来,such在这种句子中作表语讲要好些,从语法角度也更好解释. 随后的两个问题不能称为问题，因为二者不能

30、比较，that的位置不同，所代表的意义是完全不同的 so big a bag =such a big bag& so副词，意思是“如此、这样”，后面常接形容词或副词；such形容词，意思是“如此、这样”，修饰名词，即可接可数名词，也可以接不可数名词。2，联系-such a/ an +形容词+单数可数名词；so +形容词+a/an+单数名词。such除了修饰单数可数名词外，还可以修饰复数名词和不可数名词，so是副词，修饰形容词或副词。例如：Its such a fine day. Its so fine a day. 3，如果复数名词前有few，many等形容词；不可数名词前有little，much等形容词，就必须用so，而不能用such，例如：The camel had such a long neck. 骆驼长着那样长的脖子。Dont make so much noise! 别那么大声嚷嚷。& suchthat作“如此以致”解，连接一个表示结果的状语从句。与sothat意思相同，但用法不同。如：sothat这一结构中，so后边可加形容词或副词，而such后边要用名词（这个名词前面可以带形容词，也可以不带）。因此，suchthat的句型结构可分以下三种：1) sucha(an)adj.单数可数名词thatclauseHe is such a