TED演讲学校扼杀了学生的创造性.docx

1、TED演讲学校扼杀了学生的创造性TED演讲:学校扼杀了学生的创造性英国人,爵士,国际知名的创新创造力与人力资源专家他是一名激情的演讲家,广受欢迎,善于以诙谐激情与机智的方式传递深奥的知识,他告诉全世界的受众,在全球经济的新形势下,商业教育与组织的需求如何变化下面是为大家收集关于TED演讲:学校扼杀了学生的创造性,欢迎借鉴参考中英对照演讲稿Good morning. How areyou?Its been great, hasnt it? Ive been blown away by the whole thing. Infact, Im leaving.There have been thre

2、e themes running through the conferencewhich are relevant to what I want to talk about.早上好. 还好吗?很好吧,对不对? 我已经飘飘然了! 我要飘走了.(笑声) 这次会议有三个主题这三个主题贯穿会议始终,并且和我要谈的内容有关One is the extraordinaryevidence of human creativity in all of the presentations that weve had and inall of the people here. Just the variety o

3、f it and the range of it.其中之一就是人类创造力的伟大例证 这些例证已经体现在之前的演讲当中以及在座各位的身上. 从这些例证中我们看到了创新的多样化 和多领域.The secondis that its put us in a place where we have no idea whats going to happen, interms of the future. No idea how this may play out.第二点- 这些创新也让我们意识到我们不知道未来会发生什么 完全不知道 未来会如何I have an interest ineducation

4、. Actually, what I find is everybody has an interest in education.Dont you? I find this very interesting. If youre at a dinner party, and yousay you work in education - Actually, youre not often at dinner parties,frankly.我对教育感兴趣,事实上,我发现每个人都对教育感兴趣难道不是吗? 我发现这很有趣 如果你参加一个晚宴,你说 你在教育部门工作坦白的讲,如果你在教育部门工作,事实

5、上你不会经常参加晚宴,If you work in education,youre not asked.And youre never askedback, curiously. Thats strange to me. But if you are, and you say to somebody,you know, they say, What do you do?所以你不会被问及你是做哪行的你永远不会被问到,很奇怪 但是如果你被问及, 他们问:你从事什么行业?and you say you work ineducation, you can see the blood run from

6、their face. Theyre like, Oh myGod, you know, Why me?My one night outall week.But if you ask abouttheir education, they pin you to the wall.你说你在教育部门工作 你会发现他们涨红了脸,那意思好像是 “我的天啊,”“为什么让我碰上?整整一周我才出来一次” 但如果你要他们谈谈他们的受教育经历, 他们会把你“钉到墙上”.Because its one of those thingsthat goes deep with people, am I right? Li

7、ke religion, and money and otherthings. So I have a big interest in education, and I think we all do. We have ahuge vested interest in it, partly because its education thats meant to takeus into this future that we cant grasp.因为这些事情都涉及 个人的隐私,对吗?比如宗教信仰,薪水等 我对教育特别感兴趣,我认为我们都是如此我们对此有巨大的既得利益,部分因为教育旨在,将我们

8、带入我们无法掌握的未来If you think of it, children startingschool this year will be retiring in 2065. Nobody has a clue, despite all theexpertise thats been on parade for the past four days, what the world willlook like in five years time.大家想想,今年入学的小孩 2065将退休. 没人知道会怎样-虽然过去四天会议进程里都是关于这方面的专业讨论- 但我们还是无法预知这个世界 五年后

9、的样子And yet were meant to be educating them for it.So the unpredictability, I think, is extraordinary.And the third part ofthis is that weve all agreed, nonetheless, on the really extraordinarycapacities that children have - their capacities for innovation.这就是为何我们要让这些孩子接受教育我认为正是未来的不确定性决定其非同寻常第三点就是我们都

10、认同一个观点- 这些孩子的特别之处正是他们的创新能力I mean,Sirena last night was a marvel, wasnt she? Just seeing what she could do. Andshes exceptional, but I think shes not, so to speak, exceptional in the wholeof childhood. What you have there is a person of extraordinary dedication who found a talent.我觉得昨晚Sirena的表现令人惊奇,

11、对吗? 她很出色,但是我认为她在孩提时代时没显得与众不同现在的教育提倡的是一个有奉献精神的老师能发现一个天才学生And my contention is, all kids have tremendous talents. And wesquander them, pretty ruthlessly.So I want to talk abouteducation and I want to talk about creativity. My contention is that creativitynow is as important in education as literacy, a

12、nd we should treat it with thesame status.但我认为,所有孩子都是伟大的天才 而我们却无情地扼杀了他们的才能 所以我想谈谈教育和 创造力我认为创造力和文化知识在教育中占同样比重, 所以这两方面我们应同等对待Thank you.That was it, by the way.Thank you very much.So, 15 minutes left.Well, I was born. no.I heard a great storyrecently - I love telling it - of a little girl who was in a

13、drawing lesson.谢谢而且, 非常感谢还剩15分钟我出生于-说错了.最近我听到一个很不错的故事-我很愿意讲讲这个故事- 说的是一个小女孩正在上绘画课She was six, and she was at the back, drawing, and the teacher said this girlhardly ever paid attention, and in this drawing lesson, she did. The teacherwas fascinated. She went over to her, and she said, What are youdra

14、wing?小女孩只有六岁她坐在教室的后排,正在画画, 而她的老师评价她几乎从不 注意听讲,但在绘画课上她却听得很认真老师饶有兴趣地走过去 问她:“你在画什么?”And the girl said, Im drawing a picture of God. Andthe teacher said, But nobody knows what God looks like. And thegirl said, They will, in a minute.她说:“我画的是上帝” 老师说:“可是没人知道上帝长什么样” 这时小女孩说:“他们马上就能知道上帝的样子了”When my son was fo

15、ur inEngland - Actually, he was four everywhere, to be honest.If were being strictabout it, wherever he went, he was four that year. He was in the Nativity play.Do you remember the story?我儿子四岁时在英国- 实际上他那会儿在哪都四岁.严格地说他四岁那年在哪个国家记不清了,只记得他四岁那年 去演舞台剧基督诞生 你们记得那部剧的情节吗?No, it was big, it was abig story. Mel

16、Gibson did the sequel, you may have seen it.Nativity II.But James got the part of Joseph, which we were thrilled about. We consideredthis to be one of the lead parts.应该记不得,情节太长 故事太长梅尔.吉布森演过那部剧的续集 你们也许看过,叫基督诞生II我儿子James在那部舞台剧里演Joseph, 我们为此很兴奋 我们以为那是个主要角色We had the place crammed full of agents inT-shi

17、rts: James Robinson IS Joseph!He didnt have tospeak, but you know the bit where the three kings come in? They come in bearinggifts, gold, frankincense and myrrh. This really happened.我们给观众们发了T恤: 上面印着“James Robinson 扮演 Joseph他的角色不一定有台词,剧情是 三个国王拿着礼物走进来 他们分别拿着黄金,乳香精油,没药精油演出开始了We were sitting there and

18、I think they just went out of sequence, because we talked to thelittle boy afterward and we said, You OK with that? And he said,Yeah, why? Was that wrong? They just switched. The three boys camein, four-year-olds with tea towels on their heads,我们坐在观众席上 我认为他们应该按顺序出场, 演出结束后我们对James说: “你们刚才演的对吗?”他说:“对啊

19、,怎么了,哪错了吗?”其实他们把剧情改了 他们是这么演的:三个小演员出场, 四岁的小家伙们头上戴着擦杯子用的毛巾,and they put these boxes down, and the first boy said, I bring you gold. And the second boysaid, I bring you myrrh. And the third boy said, Frank sentthis.他们放下手上拿的盒子 第一个孩子说:“我带来了黄金” 第二个孩子说:“我带来了没药精油”第三个孩子说:“Frank带来了这个”What these things have in

20、common is that kids will take a chance. If they dont know, theyll have a go.Am I right? Theyre not frightened of being wrong. I dont mean to say that being wrong is the same thing as being creative.以上例子的共同点就是孩子们愿意冒险 对于未知的事物,他们愿意去尝试 难道不是吗?即使尝试的结果是错误的,他们也不惧怕当然,我并不认为错误的尝试等同于创新What we do know is, if you

21、renot prepared to be wrong, youll never come up with anything original - ifyoure not prepared to be wrong. And by the time they get to be adults, mostkids have lost that capacity.但我们都知道 如果你不打算做错误的尝试 你永远不会创造出新东西 如果你不想让孩子们做错误的尝试,等他们长大了,多数孩子就会丧失创新的能力They have become frightened of being wrong. Andwe run

22、 our companies like this. We stigmatize mistakes. And were now running national education systems where mistakes are the worst thing you can make. And the result is that we are educating people out of their creative capacities.那就会使他们也变得惧怕错误的尝试 这种情况也存在于公司经营方面 我们不能容忍任何错误这就使得现在的教育体系成为最不能容忍错误的领域 这样做的后果就

23、是我们的教育体制正在扼杀孩子们的创造力甚至可以说,是我们所受的教育让我们丧失了创造力But something strikes you when you move to America and travel around the world: Every education system on Earth has the same hierarchy of subjects. Every one. Doesnt matter where you go.但搬到美国后,有些事使我印象深刻 如果你周游世界 你会发现每个国家的教育体系都存在相同的学科等级制度没有例外不论哪个国家Youd think i

24、t would be other wise, but it isnt. At the top are mathematicsand languages, then the humanities, and at the bottom are the arts. Everywhereon Earth. And in pretty much every system too, theres a hierarchy within thearts.你认为也许会有例外,但没有排在最前面的学科是数学和语言,接下去是人文学科,艺术排在最后世界上所有国家都是如此而且相同的还有就是在艺术学科范围内也有等级制Art

25、 and music are normally given a higher status in schools than dramaand dance. There isnt an education system on the planet that teaches danceeveryday to children the way we teach them mathematics.通常学校把美术课和音乐课看的较重要 然后是戏剧课和舞蹈课没有哪个国家的教育体系 天天安排舞蹈课 但却每天都安排数学课Why? Why not? I thinkthis is rather important.

26、 I think math is very important, but so is dance.Children dance all the time if theyre allowed to, we all do. We all have bodies, dont we? Did I miss a meeting?为什么?为什么不呢?我认为舞蹈课很重要 我认为舞蹈课和数学课同样重要 如果有允许,孩子们会不停地跳舞,我们也一样 我们都有体会,对吗?If you were to visiteducation, as an alien, and say Whats it for, public

27、education? I think youd have to conclude, if you look at the output, who really succeeds bythis, who does everything that they should,如果你以一个外国人的身份来参观我们的教育体系, 带着这样的问题:“公办教育的目的是什么?”那么当你看到我们的教育体系产业化的发展,我相信,你就会明白 是谁在真正从中受益, 是谁被教导着该做什么不该做什么,who gets all the brownie points,who are the winners - I think yo

28、ud have to conclude the whole purpose ofpublic education throughout the world is to produce university professors.Isnt it?是谁得了满分,谁是第一名- 关于公办教育的目的,我想你会得出这样的结论 世界上所有的公办教育 都以培养大学教授为目的难道不是吗?Theyre the people who come out the top. And I used to be one, so there.And I like university professors,but you kn

29、ow, we shouldnt hold them up as the high-water mark of all humanachievement.因为大学教授是象牙塔尖上的人我也曾是一名大学教授,也是塔尖上的人我倾慕大学教授的学识,但 我们不应该用这样一个头衔作为衡量一个人成功与否的分水岭Theyre just a form of life, another form of life. But theyrerather curious, and I say this out of affection for them. Theres somethingcurious about prof

30、essors in my experience - not all of them, but typically,they live in their heads.其实大学教授只是360行中的一行, 只不过他们比较好求知, 我这样说不是因为对他们的倾慕 在我看来,大学教授有个特点- 虽然不是共性,但很典型-他们只用脑子生活They live up there, and slightly to one side. Theyredisem bodied, you know, in a kind of literal way. They look upon their body as aform o

31、f transport for their heads.Dont they? Its a way ofgetting their head to meetings.而且偏重于大脑的一侧用书面语来说就是-他们脑体分离 他们只是把身体当作 大脑的载体而已,难道不是吗? (笑声)这个载体可以载着大脑去开会If you want real evidenceof out-of-body experiences, get yourself along to a residential conference ofsenior academics, and pop into the discotheque o

32、n the final night.And there, you will seeit. Grown men and women writhing uncontrollably, off the beat.如果你想亲身体验 你就去参加一次会议 -学术研讨会,然后在会议结束后再去迪厅蹦迪 (笑声)在那你会看到,成年男女在不和乐拍地疯狂摇摆Waiting until it ends sothey can go home and write a paper about it.Our education system ispredicated on the idea of academic ability. And theres a reason. Around theworld, there were no public system