反意疑问句.docx

1、反意疑问句反意疑问句 郑州十一中北校 李本华 一 概念：在陈述句之后加上一个意思与之相反的简短问句，这种 句子叫反意疑问句(又叫附加疑问句)。 例如：He is a student, isnt he? 他是学生，不是吗？Tom wants to learn to play the piano, doesnt he? 汤姆想学习弹钢琴，对不对？Youve ever been to America, havent you? 你曾经去过美国，是不是？Your father didnt go there yesterday, did he? 你爸爸昨天没去哪儿，是吧？They didnt find a

2、ny living things there, did they? 他们没在那儿发现任何有生命的东西，是吗？They wont plant many trees on the mountains next spring, will they? 明年春天他们将不在那些山上在那么多树，对吗？二学习反意疑问句应注意以下几点：1. 反意疑问句由两个部分构成，前一部分是一个陈述句，后一部分是一个附着在这个陈述句基础上的简短问句，两部分之间用逗号分开。 如： Tom and Tony are going to have a party, arent they? We shant go to the mou

3、ntains for vocation, shall we? 2. 疑问部分如是否定问句则必须用缩略形式，同时它的主语必须 用人称代词，不能用名词。 如：Lucy and Lily will come to China to study Chinese, wont they? Father doesnt usually go to work by car, does he? 3. 前一部分用降调，后一部分既可以用升调，也可以用降调。提 问者对陈述部分把握较大时用降调；把握不大(有疑问)时用升调。4. 反意疑问句有两种形式： 1)前一部分为肯定式，后一部分是否定式。2)前一部分为否定式，后一部分

4、是肯定式。 如： Its a nice day, isnt it? Your mother didnt go there, did she? 5. 反意疑问句的答语：前肯后否时，答语与一般疑问句答语翻译 相同；但前否后肯时，答语中的Yes要译为“不”，No要译为“是 的”。也就是说：在回答反意疑问句时，不管问题的提法如何，若事实是肯定的，就要用yes，事实是否定的，就用no。或者说：yes后跟肯定回答，no后跟否定回答。 如：-Mr. Smith usually takes a walk after supper, doesnt he? 史密斯先生晚饭后通常散步，是吗？-Yes, he doe

5、s.是的，他经常散步。No, he doesnt. 不，他不经常散步。 -John didnt go to Sonya for vacation, did he? 约翰没有去三亚度假，对吗？ -Yes, he did.不，他去了。 No, he didnt.是的，他没去。6. 在反意疑问句中，前后两部分的动词在人称、数和时态上一般要保持一致，后一部分的人称代词应和前一部分的主语保持一致。 如：Mary likes English, doesnt she? They havent been to the Great Wall, havent they? 三 反意疑问句的几种特殊情况：1. 陈述部

6、分含有never, few, little, nothing, nobody, no, hardly, none, too.to.等表示否定意义的词时，其反意疑问句应用肯定形式。如： Few people know what he is going to do, do they? She is too young to go to school, is she? Youve never been to Australia, have you? 2. 陈述部分是“There be.”结构时，疑问部分用“be there”。 如： There are many people in the park

7、 on weekends, arent there? There will be little pollution in the future, will there? 3. 当陈述部分的主语为指物的不定代词something, anything, nothing, everything等时，反意疑问句的主语应用it。如：Something is wrong with your computer, isnt it? 你的电脑出了毛病，不是吗？Everything goes well, doesnt it? 一切顺利，对不对？4. 陈述部分的主语为指人的不定代词somebody, anybody

8、, nobody, everybody等时, 反意疑问句的主语可用he或they, 但不可用it。 如：Somebody wants to see you, doesnt he? 有人要见你，不是吗？Nobody knows it, does he? 这件事没人知道，对吗 5. have to表示“不得不”“必须”之意时，反意疑问句部分的谓语应用助动词do。 如： Kate has to help her mother at home, doesnt she? 凯特不得不在家帮她妈妈，不是吗？6. had better是“最好”之意，当其用在陈述部分时，反意疑问句部分的谓语动词应用had。 如

9、：Wed better stop talking, hadnt we? 我们最好停止说话，不好吗？ Youd better not go there, had you? 你最好别去那儿，好吗？7. 陈述部分含有need时，如果need用作行为动词，反意疑问句动词应用do, 如果need用作情态动词，则反意疑问句动词应用need。 如：We need to arrive in Shanghai at 7:00, dont we? 我们需要在七点到达上海，不是吗？We neednt leave at once, need we? 我们不必马上离开，是吗？8. 陈述部分含有情态动词must时，有下列

10、两种情况：1) must表示“必须”时，反意疑问句谓语动词用neednt。 如：They must come on time, neednt they? 他们必须准时到，不是吗？2) must表示推测，“一定，想必”时，反意疑问句谓语动词应根据must后面的动词确定。 如：The man must be Mr. Wang, isnt he? 那人想必是王先生，不是吗？9. 陈述部分为I (am)时，疑问部分应该用arent I。 如：Im right, arent I? 我是对的，不是吗？10陈述部分为肯定的祈使句时，疑问部分可用will you或wontyou；若为否定的祈使句时，疑问部分应

11、用will you。 如：Listen to me carefully, will/ wont you? 仔细听我说，好不好吗？Dont play with fair, will you? 不要玩火，好吗？11. 陈述部分是以lets开头的祈使句，疑问部分应用shall we；而以let us 开头的祈使句，疑问部分应用will you。 如：Lets go to the park, shall we? 让我们(咱们)去公园，好吗？Let us go to the park, will you? (你)让我们去公园，好吗？Let us help you, will you? 让我们来帮你，好吗

12、? 12. 陈述部分若为主从复合句，疑问部分的主语通常与主句的一致。 如： She said he would come tomorrow, didnt she? 她说他明天回来，不是吗？四 反意疑问句专项练习 第一部分：基本练习 完成下列反意疑问句并作出肯定和否定回答：1. The train is always late, _? Yes, _. / No, _? 2. The singer is really good, _? Yes, _. / No, _. 3. He is an American, _? Yes, _. / No, _. 4. The boys are the stu

13、dents of Class 5, _? Yes, _. / No, _. 5. Kate is a primary school student, _? Yes, _. / No, _. 6. Mary is your cousin, _? Yes, _. / No, _. 7. Youre from Australia, _? Yes, _. / No, _. 8. This is your car, _? Yes, _. / No, _. 9. Thats Toms bag, _? Yes, _. / No, _. 10. Today is October 14, 2008, _? Ye

14、s, _. / No, _. 11. Mrs. Green is in China now, _? Yes, _. / No, _. 12. The students are reading English, _? Yes, _. / No, _. 13. Your brother is going to be a scientist, _? Yes, _. / No, _. 14. Peter is going to move to Beijing, _? Yes, _. / No, _. 15. They were doing homework, _? Yes, _. / No, _. 1

15、6. Tom was playing the violin at that time, _? Yes, _. / No, _. 把以上所有句子陈述部分变成否定句，再完成反意疑问句。 17. Jack can play the violin well, _? 18. They can finish the work in two days, _? 19. Kate has to help her mother at home, _? 20. You have to stay at home, _? 21. John and Tom have to clean the classroom toda

16、y, _? 22. Youd better go there, _? 23. Wed better stop talking, _? 24. Lucy had better go to see her grandparents today, _? 25. Jack and his brother had better have a rest, _? 26. We need to arrive in Shanghai at 7:00, _? 27. Jack needs to see a doctor, _? 28. We neednt leave at once, _? 29. You nee

17、d to go to Beijing tomorrow, _? 30. He neednt hand in his homework, _? 31. John neednt buy her a present, _? 32. You must come on time, _? 33. Jim must keep his words(遵守诺言), _? 34. We must finish our homework today, _? 35. They must be playing football, _? 36. The man must be Mr. Wang, _? 37. It mus

18、t be Johns book, _? 38. He could work out this problem yesterday, _? 39. They should plant many trees on the mountain, _? 40. Mr. Green will move to Guangzhou next year, _? 41. You will have a party next Saturday, _? 42. The man will teach you math next term, _? 43. Lucys brother has been to China t

19、wice, _? 44. The students have planted the trees on the mountain, _? 45. Mrs. Green has gone to gone to Sanya, _? 46. You have brothers and sisters, _? 47. The children often have rice for lunch, _? 48. They often have a party on weekends, _?49. John has to stay at home, _? 50. The boys have to clea

20、n the classroom today, _? 51. You have many good friends here, _? 52. The students have much homework to do today, _? 53. The girl has a nice watch, _? 54. He has a computer, _? 55. People here often have noodles for lunch, _? 56. They often have a class meeting on Friday afternoon, _? 57. You often

21、 have a good time with Tom in the park on Sunday, _? 58. Linda has to clean the room, _? 59. The students have to finish their homework today, _? 60. You have to look after your mother, _? 61. The man has gone to Wuhan, _? 62. They have finished the job, _? 63. Jack often plays basketball, _? 64. Mr

22、. Green goes to visit Mr. White sometimes, _? 65. Lucy often watches TV on Saturday evening, _? 66. Mr. Smith with his students usually plays basketball in the afternoon, ？67. Your friend usually drives to work, _? 68. You get up at 6:00 in the morning, _? 69. They often go to a picnic in the park o

23、n weekends, _? 70. People in China plant trees every spring, _? 71. Boys like playing basketball, _? 72. His parents work in Shanghai, _? 73. Mr. and Mrs. Brown live in this city, _? 74. Anna usually practices playing the piano on Saturday, _? 75. It takes you half an hour to watch TV every day, _?

24、76. Tony did his home last night, _? 77. Your sister helped me just now, _? 78. The boys went to the park last Sunday, _? 79. They climbed the mountain yesterday, _? 80. The two Americans found some living things there, _? 81. Tom visited Mr. Green just now, _? 把以上反意疑问句的陈述部分变成否定句，然后再完成反意疑问句。 82. Jac

25、k has never been to China, _? 83. They have never seen the movie, _? 84. Few people can swim across the river, _? 85. Few students went to Hong Kong, _? 86. Mr. Smith has few good friends in Guangzhou, _? 87. He has little water, _? 88. John can speak little Chinese, _? 89. You can see nothing, _? 9

26、0. Nothing is wrong with the computer, _? 91. There is nothing in the room, _? 92. There is little water in the river, _? 93. Nobody was playing basketball on the playground then, _? 94. No one knows what they fought about, _? 95. Nobody went there, _? 96. They have no classes this afternoon, _? 97. Jack has no brother, _? 98. He can hardly write his name, _? 99. Anna can hardly speak Chinese, _? 100. None of them live (= lives) here, _