职称英语理工A真题及答案.docx

1、职称英语理工A真题及答案第1部分：词汇选项(第115题，每题1分，共15分)下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。1. The revelation of his past ledto his resignation.A.imaginationB. confirmationC.recallD. disclosure答案为D. revelation(揭露) disclosure(揭露)2. Jensen is a dangerous man, and can bevery brutal.A.carelessB. cruelC.strongD. h

2、ard答案为B. brutal(残忍的) cruel3. Youll have to sprint if youwant to catch the train.A.jumpB.escapeC. runD.prepare答案为C. sprint (快速奔跑) run(奔跑)4. We are worried about this fluid situation full with uncertainty.A. changeableB. stableC.suitableD.adaptable答案为A. fluid(不稳定的) changeable (易变的)5. The new garment f

3、its herperfectly.A.haircutB. purseC. clothesD.necklace答案为C. garment(衣服) clothes(衣服)6. The phobia may have its root in achildhood trauma.A.fearB. joyC. hurtD.memory答案为C. trauma(精神上的创伤) hurt(感情上的伤心或痛苦)7. They have to build canals to irrigatethe desert.A.decorateB. waterC.changeD. visit答案为B. irrigate(灌

4、溉) water(给浇水)8. Her overall language proficiencyremains that of a toddler.A.disabledB. pupilC.teenagerD. baby答案为D. toddler(学步的儿童) baby(婴儿)9. The coastal area has very mild winter, but the central plains remain extremely cold.A. warmB.severeC.hardD.dry答案为A. mild(温暖的) warm(温暖的)10. The details of the c

5、ostume weretotally authentic.A. realB.outstandingC.creativeD. false答案为A. authentic(逼真的) real (逼真的)11. We are aware of the potential problems.A.globalB. possibleC.ongoingD. central答案为B. potential(可能的)-possible(可能的)12. The idea was quite brilliant.A.positiveB. cleverC.keyD. original答案为B. brilliant(绝妙的

6、) clever (聪明的)13. Stock market price tumbledafter rumor of a rise in interest rate.A.regulatedB. increasedC. fellD.maintained答案为C. tumbled(暴跌) fell(下降)14. The course gives you basic instructionsin car maintenance.A. coachingB. ideaC.termD. aspect答案为A. instructions (指导说明)coaching(教导)15. All houses wi

7、thin 100 metres of theseas at risk of flooding.A. in dangerB. out of controlC.between equalsD. in particular答案为A in danger of (处于危险中) at risk of (处于风险中)阅读判断The Greatest of Victorian EngineersIn the hundred years up to 1860, the work of a small group of construction engineers carried forward the enor

8、mous social and economic change that we associate with the Industrial Revolution in Britain. The most important of these engineers was Isambard Kingdom Brunel, whose work in shipping, bridge-building, and railway construction, to name just three fields, both challenged and motivated his colleagues.

9、He was the driving force behind a number of the hugely ambitious projects, some of which resulted in works which are still in use today.The son of an engineer, Brunel apprenticed with his father at an early age on the building of the Thames Tunnel. At the age of just twenty, he became engineer in ch

10、arge of the project. This impressive plan to bore under the Thames twice suffered two major disasters when the river broke through into the tunnel when the second breach(决口)occurred in 1872, Brunel was seriously injured during rescue operation and further work was halted.While recovering from his in

11、juries, Brunel entered a design competition for a new bridge over the Avon Gorge near Clifton. The original judge of the competition was Thomas Telford, a leading civil engineer of his day, who rejected all entries to the competition in favor of his own design. After considerable scandal, a second c

12、ontest was held and Brunels design was accepted. For reasons of funding, however, exacerbated(加剧) by social unrest in Bristol, the project was abandoned in 1843 with only the towers completed. After Brunels death, it was decided to begin work on it again, partly so that the bridge could form a fitti

13、ng memorial to the great engineer. The entire structure was finally completed in 1864. Today, the well-known Clifton Suspension Bridge is a symbol of Bristol, just as the Opera House is of Sydney. Originally intended only for horse-drawn traffic, the bridge now bears over four million motor vehicles

14、 a year.16.【题干】Brunel was an important airplane engineer in Britain during the Industrial Revolution.【选项】A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned【答案】C【解析】17.【题干】Brunel was involved less in railway construction than in other engineering fields.【选项】A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned【答案】C【解析】18.【题干】Brunel worked only

15、on shipping, bridge-building and railway construction.【选项】A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned【答案】B【解析】19.【题干】Brunel work was largely ignored by his colleagues.【选项】A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned【答案】B【解析】20.【题干】Some projects Brunel contributed to are still in use today.【选项】A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned【答案】A【

16、解析】21.【题干】Brunel became an apprentice with his father when he was very young.【选项】A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned【答案】A【解析】22.【题干】The Thames Tunnel project was more difficult than any previous projects undertaken in Britain.【选项】A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned【答案】C【解析】Geothermal(地热)Energy1.Since heat natur

17、ally moves from hotter regions to cooler ones, the heat from the earths center flows outwards towards the surface. In this way, it transfers to the next layer of rock. If the temperature is high enough, some of this rock melts and forms magma(岩浆). The magma ascends in its turn towards the earths sur

18、face. It often remains well below the earths surface, creating vast areas of hot rock. In such regions, there are deep cracks, which allow rainwater to descend underground. Some of the heated rainwater travels back up to the earths surface where it will appear as a hot spring. However, if this ascen

19、ding hot water reaches a layer of impermeable(不可渗透的)rock, it remains trapped, forming a geothermal reservoir. If geothermal reservoirs are close enough to the surface, they can be reached by drilling wells. Hot water and steam shoot up the wells naturally, and can be used to produce electricity in g

20、eothermal power plants.2.A few geothermal power plants depend on dry-stem reservoirs which produce steam but little or no water. In these cases, the steam is piped up directly to provide the power to spin a turbine generator. The first geothermal power plant, constructed at Lardarello in Italy, was

21、of this type, and is still producing electricity today.3.Most currently operating geothermal power plants are either flash steam plants or binary(双重的)plants. Flash plants produce mainly hot water ranging in temperature from 300 to 700Fahrenheit. This water is passed through one or two separators whe

22、re released from the pressure of the underground reservoir, it flashes or boils into steam Again, the force of this steam provides the energy to spin the turbine and produce electricity. The geothermal water and steam are then reinjected directly back down into the earth to maintain the volume and p

23、ressure of the reservoir. Gradually they will be reheated and can then be used again.4.A reservoir with temperatures below 300 Fahrenheit is not hot enough to flash steam but it can still be used to generate electricity in binary fluid. The steam from this is used to power the turbines. As in the fl

24、ash steam plant, the geothermal water is recycled back into the reservoir.23.【题干】Paragraph1_【选项】A.Dry steam plantsB.Binary plantsC.Origin of geothermal energyD.Generation of electricityE.Flash steam plantsF.Recyclable water and steam【答案】C【解析】24【题干】Paragraph2_【选项】A.Dry steam plantsB.Binary plantsC.Or

25、igin of geothermal energyD.Generation of electricityE.Flash steam plantsF.Recyclable water and steam【答案】A【解析】25【题干】Paragraph3_【选项】A.Dry steam plantsB.Binary plantsC.Origin of geothermal energyD.Generation of electricityE.Flash steam plantsF.Recyclable water and steam【答案】E【解析】26【题干】Paragraph4_【选项】A.D

26、ry steam plantsB.Binary plantsC.Origin of geothermal energyD.Generation of electricityE.Flash steam plantsF.Recyclable water and steam【答案】F【解析】27.【题干】A geothermal reservoir is formed when hot water is trapped under _.【选项】A.the energy to turn a turbineB.impermeable rockC.one or two separatorsD.turbin

27、e operatorE.little or no waterF.hot springs【答案】B【解析】28.【题干】A dry-steam reservoir produces steam with _.【选项】A.the energy to turn a turbineB.impermeable rockC.one or two separatorsD.turbine operatorE.little or no waterF.hot springs【答案】E【解析】29.【题干】Flash plants produce hot water through _.【选项】A.the ener

28、gy to turn a turbineB.impermeable rockC.one or two separatorsD.turbine operatorE.little or no waterF.hot springs【答案】C【解析】30.【题干】In a binary plant, the heat of the geothermal water can be converted into _.【选项】A.the energy to turn a turbineB.impermeable rockC.one or two separatorsD.turbine operatorE.l

29、ittle or no waterF.hot springs【答案】A【解析】Black Holes Trigger Stars to Self-DestructScientists have long understood that supermassive black holes weighing millions or billions of suns can tear apart stars that come too close. The black hotels gravity pulls harder on the nearest part of the star, an imb

30、alance that pulls the star apart over a period of minutes or hours, once it gets close enough.Scientists say this Uneven pulling is not the only hazard facing the star. The strain of these unbalanced forces can also trigger a nuclear explosion powerful enough to destroy the star from within. Matthieu