初一英语人教版新目标下学期期中复习知识点归纳学案.docx

1、初一英语人教版新目标下学期期中复习知识点归纳学案初一英语人教版（新目标）下学期期中复习：知识点归纳一、学习目标1. Units 1-6 单元知识点 2. 学会归纳句型，梳理语法知识 二、重点、难点重点1. 单词：speak, show, also, afraid, bring, read, forget2. 短语：help sb. with sth. , get dressed, lots of, be strict （with sb.）, kind of3. 句型：1）Can you play the piano or the violin? 2）What time do you usual

2、ly get up? 3）How long does it take to get home? 4）Dont eat in class. 5）Shes washing her clothes. 难点1. 情态动词can的用法 2. 祈使句 3. 现在进行时一、重点单词【单词复习】1. speak v. 说（某种语言）；说话【用法】（1）后接语言 （2）speak to sb. 和某人说话，也可用于打电话中【例句】Please speak English. 请说英语。Hello! May I speak to Mr. Yang? 喂！我可以和杨老师说话吗？【辨析】speak, tell, tal

3、k, say 四个动词都有“说”之意，但用法不同。speak常用作不及物动词，意为“说、讲、谈”；也可以指“操语言”。不强调说话的内容，它强调说话的能力、方式或对象，后面常接介词to。He can speak English and Chinese. 他会说英语和汉语。tell“告诉、讲述”，多指以口头方式将某事告诉某人，或指较连续地述说，有时含有嘱咐或命令之意。常用于讲故事（story）、真话（the truth）、谎话（a lie, lies）等。可接双宾语或宾语补足语。My grandpa often tells me stories. 我爷爷经常给我讲故事。talk为“谈话、讲话”，指

4、与他人“交谈、讨论”。它强调动作，不强调谈话的内容，可以和speak替换。常作不及物动词，后面常与to 或with搭配，表示“与交谈”。也可以与about/of搭配，表示谈论的内容。His teacher is talking with his mother. 他老师正在和他妈妈谈话。say“讲、说”，着重讲话的内容，只以口头或书面语言表达思想，常用作及物动词。宾语可以是代词或从句，也可用于直接引语和间接引语。Say it in Chinese.用汉语说吧。【考题链接】My mother _, “I want to _ you a story in English”.A. says; talk

5、 B. speaks; tell C. says; tell D. talks; say答案：C思路分析：根据后面是妈妈说的内容，故第一空用say；my mother 是第三人称单数，故谓语动词用says；根据you a story可知tell后可接双宾语，故选项C正确。句意为：我妈妈说: “我想用英语给你讲个故事”。2. show v. 给看；展示n. 演出；节目【用法】作动词时，构成短语：show sb. sth. =show sth. to sb. 向某人展示某物；show sb. around 带领某人参观。作名词时，可构成：TV show 电视节目；flower show 花展；fa

6、shion show 时装展；talk show脱口秀等。【考题链接】Can you show the photos of the fashion _me?A. to B. show for C. show to D. shows答案：C思路分析：表示“时装展”用fashion show；show sth. to me意为“向我展示某物”，故选C项。句意为“你能把时装展的照片给我看看吗？”。3. also adv. 也；而且【用法】是副词，常位于肯定句中，位置在be动词、情态动词、助动词之后，实义动词之前。【拓展】too也，常用于肯定句中句末，用逗号与句子隔开。either 也（不），通常位于

7、否定句中，且常置于句末。【例句】My mother also likes watching TV. =My mother likes watching TV, too. 我妈妈也喜欢看电视。I dont want to go to the movies, either. 我也不想去看电影。【考题链接】 I cant speak Russian. I cant, _.A. too B. also C. either D. but答案：C思路分析：用在否定句末尾表示“也”，应用either。故选C项。4. afraid adj. 害怕的；畏惧的【用法】afraid可构成以下短语：be afraid

8、 of （doing） sth. 害怕（做）某事；be afraid to do sth. 害怕去做某事；be afraid +that从句 担心；恐怕。【例句】Im afraid of cold. 我怕冷。The girl is afraid to go out at night. 这女孩害怕晚上出去。Hes afraid that he is late again. 他恐怕又迟到了。【考题链接】Dont be afraid _ in public（在公共场合）.A. speak B. of speak C. to speak D. that speak答案：C思路分析：be afraid

9、后可接of（doing） sth., to do sth. 和that从句，浏览各选项可知C项正确。5. bring v. 带来；取来【用法】bring sth. to sb./ some place 把某物给某人带来/ 把某物带到某地来，即将某人或某物从别处带到说话者所在的地方。其反义短语为：take sth. to sb./ some place 把某物带给某人/ 带到某地去，即将某人或某物从说话者所在的地方带到或拿到别处。【例句】Please take the book to your brother. 请把这本书带给你弟弟。Can you bring some things to sc

10、hool? 你能带些东西来学校吗？【考题链接】You must _ your homework _ school tomorrow.A. bring; on B. take; to C. bring; to D. take; in答案：C思路分析：根据句意“明天你必须把你的作业带到学校”可知，应用bring sth. to。6. read v. 读；阅读【用法】read主要指阅读书籍、报纸、杂志之类等。其后加上-er构成reader，意为“读者”，是名词。【拓展】look 看，可单独使用；它是一个不及物动词，接宾语时先加上介词at，强调看的动作。see 看到，强调看的结果。还可以用于看电影、看

11、医生等。watch 观察；注视。强调有目的地长时间地进行某一活动，常表达看电视、看比赛等。【例句】Does your brother read magazines after supper? 你哥哥晚饭后看杂志吗？Please look at the blackboard. 请看黑板。Lets see a film. 咱们看电影吧。He likes watching games on TV. 他喜欢在电视上看比赛。【考题链接】My twin brother and I are different. He often _ TV in the evening, but I _ newspapers

12、.A. sees; looks B. watches; read C. watches; sees D. looks; reads答案：B思路分析：与“电视”搭配的只有watch，故排除A, D两项；表达“看报”用read，故选B项。句意为“我和我的双胞胎弟弟不同。他经常在晚上看电视，但我看报纸”。7. forget v. 忘记；遗忘【用法】其反义词为remember，意为“记住”。remember/ forget to do sth. 记住（忘记）去做某事，指事情没做。remember/ forget doing sth. 记住（忘记） 做过某事，指事情做过了。【例句】Please reme

13、mber to come here early. 请记住早点来这儿。I forget washing the clothes. 我忘记洗过衣服了。【考题链接】Dont forget _ “Thank you” when he helps you.A. say B. to say C. saying D. says答案：B思路分析：forget后可接动词不定式，也可接动词的-ing形式，排除A, D两项；根据句意“当他帮了你，不要忘记说谢谢”，指事情没做，应选B项。【即学即练】1. Grandma often _ me some interesting stories.A. says B. te

14、lls C. speaks D. talks2. Lucy is a good student. Lily _ a good student.A. also is B. is C. is either D. is also 3. Im afraid of _ in the sea.A. swim B. to swim C. swimming D. swims4. Please _ the old man. He is _TV.A. look; watch B. see; watching C. look at; watching D. watch; looking5. Can you reme

15、mber _ the girl in red in the supermarket?A. to meet B. meeting C. meet D. meets6. My uncle often shows me _ the city.A. to B. for C. around D. at答案：1-6 BDCCBC思路分析：1. 讲故事应用“tell”，故选B项。2. 放在句中的“也”用also，且放在系动词be后，故选D项。3. of是介词，其后接动词的ing形式，故选C项。4. 根据句意“请看这位老人。他在看电视。”可知C项正确。5. 根据remember后可接动词不定式或动词的-ing

16、形式，排除C, D两项；根据句意“你能记得在超市里见过的穿红衣服的女孩吗？”可知B项正确。6. show sb. around意为“带领某人参观”，故选C项。句意为“我叔叔常带我参观这座城市”。二、重点短语【短语复习】1. help sb. with sth. 在某方面帮助某人【用法】help构成的其他短语还有：help sb. （to） do sth. 帮助某人做某事；help oneself to sth. 请随便吃点东西；with the help of sb. 在某人的帮助下【例句】Can you help me （to） wash the clothes? 你能帮我洗衣服吗？Lily

17、, help yourself to some bananas. 莉莉，请随便吃点香蕉吧。I can play the guitar with the help of my brother. 在我哥哥的帮助下，我会弹吉他了。【考题链接】Tom always _ me _my Chinese. A. help; with B. helps; study C. help; to study D. helps; studying 答案：B思路分析：Tom是第三人称单数，故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式helps，排除A, C两项；help后不可接动词的-ing形式，排除D项。故B项正确。2. get d

18、ressed 穿上衣服【用法】该短语单独使用，其后不能接衣服类的词。be dressed in +衣服，意为“穿着的衣服”。【例句】Get dressed and go out for a walk. 穿上衣服，出去散散步。He is often dressed in a T-shirt. 他经常穿着一件T恤衫。【辨析】dress, wear, put on, be in（1）dress作动词，给穿衣服，表示穿的动作或状态，宾语通常是人，dress sb./ oneself。dress还有名词“衣服；连衣裙”之意。（2）wear是动词，穿着；戴着，强调状态，宾语可为服装、鞋帽、首饰、眼镜等。（

19、3）put on 穿上；戴上，强调动作，宾语是代词时，要放在中间。（4）be in 穿着，表示状态，后接衣服、帽子等，也可接颜色。可以和wear替换。【例句】Please help me dress your little brother. 请帮我给你小弟弟穿上衣服。My son is wearing his grandfathers hat. = My son is in his grandfathers hat.我儿子正戴着他爷爷的帽子。Its cold outside. Put on your coat. 外面冷。穿上你的外套。【考题链接】 Im going to a birthday

20、party. _ your new jacket. You cant _ your old one.A. Dress; put on B. Wear; dress C. Wear; be in D. Put on; wear答案：D思路分析：your new jacket和your old one都是指衣服，故排除A, B两项；第一句是祈使句，意为“穿上你的新夹克”，表示动作，故选D项。3. lots of 大量；许多【用法】既可以修饰可数名词，也可以修饰不可数名词。修饰可数名词时，相当于many；修饰不可数名词时，相当于much。lots of = a lot of，多用于肯定句中。【考题链

21、接】We need _food every day.A. a lot B. many C. lots of D. lot of答案：C思路分析：food是不可数名词，B项排除；A项不能修饰名词；D项短语错误。句意为“我们每天都需要大量食物”。4. be strict （with sb.） 对（某人）要求严格【用法】be strict意为“要求严格”，可以构成短语：be strict with sb. 对某人要求严格；be strict in sth. 对某物要求严格【例句】He is strict with his son. 他对儿子要求严格。Mr. Li is strict in his w

22、ork. 李老师对他的工作要求严格。【考题链接】My English teacher is strict _us and he is also strict _ our study.A. with; with B. in; in C. in; with D. with; in答案：D思路分析：本题考查be strict的短语；题干中us表示人，故用介词with；our study意为“我们的学习”，故其前用介词in。5. kind of 稍微；有点儿【用法】修饰形容词和副词。a kind of 一种；all kinds of 各种各样的，后面加名词。【例句】The apple is kind

23、of big. 这苹果有点儿大。This is a kind of food. 这是一种食物。All kinds of animals are in the zoo. 各种各样的动物在动物园里。【考题链接】Elephants are _ cute.A. a kind of B. kinds of C. kind of D. a kind答案：C思路分析：cute是形容词，故用kind of修饰，C项正确。A, B两项后接名词。D项错误。【即学即练】1. I dont know how to _ the baby.A. wear B. dress C. put on D. be in2. The

24、 girl often helps grandma _ the housework.A. to B. at C. with D. on3. Are you strict _ your homework?A. in B. at C. with D. to4. He has lots of things to do this week. （同义替换）A. a lot B. many C. lot of D. much5. This _ book is very interesting.A. a kind B. kind of C. kinds of D. a kind of答案：BCABB思路分析

25、：1. the baby是人，故用dress，选项B正确。2. the housework是名词，故用介词with，help sb. with sth.意为“帮助某人某事”。3. be strict后常接两个介词，with后接人，in后接物；your homework是物，故选A项。4. lots of= a lot of；修饰可数名词时，相当于many；修饰不可数名词时，相当于much；题干中things是可数名词，故选B项。5. 根据句意“这种书很有趣”可知B项正确。三、重点句型【句型复习】1. Can you play the piano or the violin? 你会弹钢琴还是拉小

26、提琴？【句析】本句是选择疑问句，即提出两种或两种以上的可能性让对方选择的疑问句。有两种形式：（1）一般疑问句+ or +一般疑问句？后一个一般疑问句与前一个中相同的成分往往省略。如果选择疑问句有三个或三个以上的并列部分，or用来连接最后两个部分，前边的并列部分用逗号隔开。回答时选择其一。（2）特殊疑问句，A or B?【例句】Is this book yours or his? 这本书是你的还是他的？Who is a teacher, your father or your mother? 谁是教师，你爸爸还是你妈妈？【考题链接】Do you like _football _ basketba

27、ll?A. play; but B. to play; but C. playing; or D. play; or答案：C思路分析：like后可接不定式，也可接动词的-ing形式，故排除A, D两项；据句意“你喜欢踢足球还是打篮球？”可知本句是选择疑问句，故选C项。【用法】can的用法：它是情态动词，没有人称和数的变化，意为“能；会；可以”，后接动词原形，和动词原形共同构成谓语。can后接not构成否定句；can提到句首构成一般疑问句。【例句】He can speak French and Chinese. 他会说法语和汉语。We cant go to the movies today. 今

28、天我们不能去看电影。 Can you ride a horse? 你会骑马吗？ No, I cant. 不，我不会。【考题链接】同义句转换Can I help you?_ _ I _ for you?答案：What can; do2. What time do you usually get up? 你通常几点起床？【句析】本句是由特殊疑问词what time引导的特殊疑问句。what time用来提问具体的几点钟。其同义词when也可用来提问具体的几点钟，还可提问年、月、上午等大时间。【例句】 What time/ When does your brother go to school? 你

29、弟弟几点去上学？At 6:00. 六点钟。 When is your birthday? 你生日是什么时候？Its on July 2nd. 七月二日。【考题链接】同义句转换When do you have lunch every day?_ _ do you have lunch every day?答案：What time3. How long does it take to get home? 到家花费多长时间？【句析】本句是由特殊疑问词how long引导的特殊疑问句。how long意为“多久；多长时间”，用来提问一段时间。还可以提问物体的长度，意为“多长”。【例句】How long

30、 can we stay there? 我们能在那儿待多久？How long is your leg? 你的腿多长？【用法】take意为：花费（时间），其常用句式为：It takes sb. some time to do sth.，意为“做某事花费某人多少时间”。it是形式主语，动词不定式是真正的主语。【例句】It takes me two hours to do my homework. 做作业花了我两小时的时间。【考题链接】It takes me half an hour _ the TV play.A. watch B. see C. to see D. to watch答案：D思路分析：根据the TV play可知用watch与之搭配；It takes sb. some time to do sth.是要考查的句型，故选D项。4. Dont eat in class. 不要在课堂上吃东西。【句析】本句是一个否定祈使句。【用