初中英语定语从句常见题型及答题技巧及练习题含答案.docx

1、初中英语定语从句常见题型及答题技巧及练习题含答案初中英语定语从句常见题型及答题技巧及练习题(含答案)一、定语从句1What happened over there?.Some people rushed over to help the man _ car had broken down.Awhom Bwhere Cwhich Dwhose【答案】D【解析】试题分析：句意：那边发生了什么事？一些人冲过去帮助那个车坏了的人。根据句意及题干分析此题是考查定语从句的用法，先行词the man在定语从句中作的是定语，所以关系词用whose，故选D。考点：考查定语从句的用法2Norman Bethune

2、 was a great man _ gave his life to help the Chinese people.Awhich Bwho Cwhose Dwhat【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：诺尔曼白求恩是一位伟大的人，他毕生致力于帮助中国人民。空格前名词man意为“人”，是先行词，后面是用来修饰这个名词，是定语从句部分，先行词指人，在定语从句中做主语，可以使用关系代词who/that，不能使用which（指物）/whose（指所属关系），what不能用来引导定语从句，故选B。3Is that all?Yes. Thats all _ I want to take.Awhich Bth

3、at Cwho Dwhose【答案】B【解析】试题分析：句意：-就这些？-是的。这就是我所想要的。which哪一个；that那；who谁；whose谁的。先行词all在定语从句中作宾语，可用关系代词that代替。所以选B。【考点定位】考查关系代词。4Sweet wormwood（青蒿）is a common plant in China and Tu Youyou is the woman _used the special power of the plant to save _lives.Awhich, millions of Bwho, millions ofCwhose, millio

4、n of Dwho, million of【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：青蒿是中国常见的一种植物，而屠呦呦是利用这种植物的特殊力量拯救数百万人生命的女人。考查定语从句的关系代词和数词短语。本句先行词the woman是人，关系词在定语从句中做主语，可知使用关系代词who；短语millions of：数以百万的；故选B。5Mr.Brown is a teacher is strict with all is students.Awhich Bwho Cwhere【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意“布朗是一个对所有的学生都严格的老师”。本题考查定语从句。A.指物，在从句中作主语或宾语；B.指人，在从

5、句中作主语或宾语；C.表示地方，在从句中作地点状语。本句话中先行词为a teacher，指人，在从句中作主语，故选B。【点睛】做定语从句的题时，可先将先行词还原到句中。其次选择关系词，要先看先行词指人、指物还是既指人又指物。二要看从句中做何种成分，从而做出正确的判断。6Have you seen the film The Wandering Earth（流浪地球） ?Yes. Its the best one I have ever seen.Athat Bwhich Cwhat Dit【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：你看过流浪地球这部电影吗？这是我看到过的电影中最好的一部。此句考查定语从句的

6、关联词，that/which可以引导定语从句，what，it不能引导定语从句，首先排除C,D；先行词是不定代词one，前面被形容词的最高级best修饰，引导词只能用that不能用which，故答案为A.【点睛】引导定语从句的关系代词有：that（指人或物），which（指物），who（指人）。指人时可用that或who，指物时可用that或which，但有时只能用that不能用which。常见的情况有下列五种： 当先行词是all, any, anything, everything, nothing等不定代词时。例如：Is there anything that I can do for yo

7、u? 有什么可以为你做的吗?All that can be done must be done.凡是能做的都必须做。 当先行词被形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时。例如：That is one of the most interesting books that are sold in the bookshop.那是这家书店出售的最有趣的书之一 。The first thing that we should do is to get some food.我们该做的第一件事是弄点吃的。 当先行词有the only, the very, the same, the last等修饰时。例如：My neck

8、lace is not the only thing thats missing.我的项链不仅是丢掉的东西。 当主句以who或which开头时，定语从句中引导词用that，不用which或who。以避免重复。例如：Who is the girl that is wearing a red coat？正穿一件红色外套的女孩子是谁？ ）当先行词既有人又有物时，用that不用which。例如：The writer and his novel that you have just talked about are really well known.你刚才谈起的那位作家以及他的小说确实很著名。7Sit

9、ting down after a walk is relaxing. But would you like to sit on a seat_tell you your weight?A/ Bwho Cwhom Dthat【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：散步后坐下来很令人放松。但是你愿意坐在一个能告诉你体重的座位上吗?考查关系词辨析。本句是定语从句，who和whom用于先行词是人时，前者多做主语（也可做宾语），后者只做宾语；that指人或物，可省略。本句先行词seat是物，可排除BD两项；引导词做从句的主语，that不可省略，故选D。8On Monday April 15， 2019， th

10、e fire_broke out in Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris shocked the worldAthat Bwho Cwhere【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：2019年4月15日，周一，巴黎圣母院发生的大火震惊了全世界。A. that先行词是人或物，B. who先行词是人；C. where先行词是地点名词。本句先行词是 fire，指物，在定语从句中作主语，关系代词用which/that。故答案为A。【点睛】在定语从句中，关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要

11、和先行词保持一致。1） who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是想见你的人吗?（who/that在从句中作主语）He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语）2） whose 用来指人或物，（只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换），例如：They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken do

12、wn. 那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。3） which, that 它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于介词+ which结构，因此常常和介词+ which结构交替使用，例如：Beijing is the place where （in which） I was born. 北京是我的出生地。9Frank, look! Who are the children under the tree _ waiting in a line?They are th

13、e students from No. 1 Primary School.Athat are Bwhere are Cwhich is Dwho is【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：弗兰克,你看!那些在树下排队的孩子是谁?他们是来自第一小学的学生。考查定语从句。根据句意：弗兰克，你看!树下排队的孩子们是谁？ 他们是来第一小学的学生可知先行词是children，指人，作主语，故选代词用who/that；children是复数，系词用are，故选A。10Which song do you like better, Lucy?I prefer the song Little Apple_ can a

14、ttract many people.Awhich Bwho Cwhom Dwhere【答案】A【解析】试题分析：本题考查定语从句中的关系代词。先行词是the song Little Apple, 指物，且关系代词在定语从句中作主语，故which符合题意。11You Raise Me Up is a song _ brings me much courage in the face of challenges.Awho Bwhen Cwhich Dwhere【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：你鼓舞了我是一首歌，它带给我面对挑战的勇气。A. who定语从句关系词，先行词是人； B. when定语从

15、句关系词；做时间状语；C. which定语从句关系词，先行词是物；D. where定语从句关系词，做地点状语。a song 是物，关系词用which。根据题意，故选B。12The teenagers like the musician _ different kinds of music.Awho play Bwhich plays Cwho plays Dthat play【答案】C【解析】【分析】【详解】试题分析：句意：青少年喜欢演奏不同种类音乐的音乐家。The musician是先行词，后面跟的是它的定语从句。先行词musician指人，用who、that引出定语从句，错；关系词在定语从

16、句中作主语，定语从句的谓语与先行词保持一致。musician是单数，谓语用单数：plays。故选C。13Everyone _ has been to Shanghai says it is a modern city.Awhy Bwhose Cwho Dwhich【答案】C【解析】【分析】【考点定位】：考查定语从句。【详解】试题分析：句意：去过上海的每个人都说它是一个现代化的城市。why为什么；whose谁的；who谁，可以引导定语从句，主语是人；which哪一个，可以引导定语从句，先行词指物。根据句意可知，这里考查的是定语从句，先行词是Everyone，指代人，根据句意可知选C。14Who

17、was the student _ was absent yesterday?Mary was.Athat Bwho Cwhom Dwhich【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：昨天旷课的那名学生是谁？是玛丽。that引导此处定语从句，修饰人或事物；who引导定语从句，修饰人，作主语，表语或宾语；whom引导定语从句，修饰人，作宾语或表语；which引导定语从句，修饰事物，作主语，宾语或表语。修饰先行词the student，表示人，故排除D项。作定语从句的主语，因为主句是who引导的特殊疑问句，因此句中的定语从句用that引导，故选A。15 -Our English teacher is ver

18、y kind, and we all like her very much.-Thats for sure. A person _ cares for others is popular everywhere.A who B which C whom D whose【答案】A【解析】试题分析：句意：-我们的英语老师非常的善良，并且我们非常喜欢她。-那是当然。一个关心他人的人到处都受到欢迎。根据先行词是person,所以引导词用that 或者who。结合选项，故选A。考点：考查定语从句的用法。16The photos successfully show the rich culture _mak

19、es Shiyan so famous.Awhat Bwhich Cwho Dwhy【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：这些照片成功地展示了使十堰非常出名的丰富文化氛围。A. what不能作为定语从句的连接词；B. which先行词指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；C. who先行词是人，在定语从句中作主语；D. why引导定语从句时，在句中作原因状语。本句先行词是culture，指物，引导定语从句的关联词只能用which，故答案为B。【点睛】在定语从句中，关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保

20、持一致。1） who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是想见你的人吗?（who/that在从句中作主语）He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语）2） whose 用来指人或物，（只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换），例如：They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那

21、人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。3） which, that 它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于介词+ which结构，因此常常和介词+ which结构交替使用，例如：Beijing is the place where （in which） I was born. 北京是我的出生地。17Liu Yang is the first Chinese woman astronaut_ has ever traveled in space.Awhom Bwhi

22、chCwho Dwhose【答案】C【解析】试题分析：句意：刘洋是中国第一个曾经在太空旅行过的女宇航员。定语从句用来充当句中定语的结构，被修饰的名词叫先行词，此句的先行词为astronaut。连接主从句的是关系词。一般的who 用于指代人的先行词，which 用来指代物的先行词，that既可指认又可指物。whom在定语从句中作宾语；whose在定语从句中作定语。此处连接词who做主语，故选C。考点：考查定语从句的连接词。18What do you think of the book A Haw Tree written by a woman writer?It reminds me of th

23、e days _ I spent in the countryside.Awhen Bthat Cwho Dwhere【答案】B【解析】此题考查定语从句的引导词，先行词是the days，从句中I spent后缺少宾语，故用关系代词，所以选B。19I still remember the mountain schools and teachers _ we visited last year.Awhere BwhoCthat Dwhich【答案】C【解析】句意：我仍然记得我们去年参观过的山区学校和老师们。根据句意可知，这里是一个定语从句。where引导定语从句时，先行词是地点，where在从句

24、中作地点状语；who 引导定语从句时，先行词是人；which引导定语从句时，先行词是物。从句先行词是the mountain and the teachers，既有人，也有物，这时定语从句的关联词应该使用that，在从句中作visited的宾语，故答案选C。 点睛：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词，常见的关系代词包括that， which， who（宾格whom，所有格whose）等，关系副词包括where， when， why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作

25、用，同时又作定语从句的重要成分。关系代词在定语从句中可以作主语或宾语；关系副词在定语从句中做状语。20Tommy couldnt stop thinking about the boy _ made him a fool in front of the whole class.Awhom Bwhich Cwho【答案】C【解析】句意：Tommy不禁想起了那个使他在全班面前出丑的那个男孩。此处的定语从句，修饰先行词the boy，关系代词在定语从句中作主语，故用who，故选C。21Fewer and fewer people spend time reading. There were only

26、 49% of adults in the US _ visited a public library last year.Awho Bwhere Cwhen Dwhich【答案】A【解析】句意：越来越少的人花时间读书。去年在美国只有49%的成年人参观一个公共图书馆。修饰名词adults，作定语从句的主语，故用关系代词who，故选A。22Reading is a wonderful thing. It can take you to places _ you have never visited.Awhere Bwhich Cwhat Dwho【答案】B【解析】句意：读书是一件好事，它能把你带

27、到一个你从来没有参观过的地方。这里考查定语从句，先行词是places；定语从句中缺少句子的宾语，where在定语从句中作状语，故排除A；what不能引导定语从句；who引导定语从句的时，先行词是人的。Which在定语从句中可以作宾语或主语，先行词可以指的是地点的词。故选B。23The movie _ we saw last night was fantastic.Awhich Bwhy Cwho【答案】A【解析】句意：我们昨晚看的电影是很好。A. which在定语从句作宾语、主语。指物或事情；B. Why在定语从句中做状语，先行词是reason；C. who在定语从句中作主语或宾语。指人。考查

28、定语从句，先行词movie是指物的，关系词在定语从句中作saw的宾语。所以用which，故选A。24The young man _ is a friend of mine.Awho I had a talk Bwhom I had a talk withCwhom I had a talk Dwhich I had a talk with【答案】B【解析】句意：和我交谈的那个年轻人是我的一个朋友。短语have a talk with sb和某人交谈；空格处是定语从句，先行词 man是指人的，关系词在定语从句中作介词with的宾语，故选B。25The photo _ taken by my br

29、other last week is very nice.Awhich were Bthat isCthat were Dwhich was【答案】D【解析】试题分析：句意：上周我哥哥拍的照片非常漂亮。此处是定语从句修饰先行词the photo，根据时间短语last week可知此处用一般过去时，故排除B项。因为先行词the photo是单数形式，故定语从句的谓语动词用单数形式。故选D。考点：考查定语从句的用法。26-What do you think of the Sun Island? Is it worth visiting? -Of course. Its one of the bes

30、t places I have ever been to.Awhich Bthat Cwho【答案】B【解析】句意：你认为Sun Island怎样？它值得参观吗？当然，它是我去过的最好的地方之一。考察定语从句that的用法。当先行词前边有最高级时，关系词用that。故选B27Friends are those _ make you smile, always open their hearts to you and encourage you to succeed.Awhich Bwhat Cwho【答案】C【解析】句意“朋友是那些让你笑，总是敞开心扉对你以及鼓励你成功的人”。根据“n/pron_+句子”可知，用定语从句，先行词为those，指人，在从句中做主语。A.which指物，在从句中做主语和宾语；B.定语从句中，关系代词无what；C.指人，在从句中做主语和宾语。故选C。28Ill never forget the years I lived on the farm with the farmers.It must have a great effect on your life.Awhen Bthat Cwhi