初中语法并列句和主从句讲解.docx

1、初中语法并列句和主从句讲解并列复合句和主从复合句一并列复合句熟读下列句子，体会并列连词的意义和用法。1. He helps me and I help him. 他帮我，我帮他。2. He not only gave us a lot of advice, but also helped us to study English. 他不仅给我们提出很多建议并且还帮助我学英语。3. I was just leaving when the telephone rang. 我正要离开，电话铃响了。4. Hurry up, or (else)youll be late.快点，否则就会迟到了。5. Eit

2、her Tom is coming or his sisters are. 不是汤姆就是她的姐妹们要来。6. It never rains but it pours. 祸不单行。7. I like tea while she likes coffee. 我喜欢喝茶而她喜欢喝咖啡。8. I am thirsty, for it is hot. 我口渴，因为天气太热。9. The manager was ill so I went in her place. 经理病了所以我代她去。归纳总结：1. 掌握以下并列连词：（1）表示联合：and（同，和），when(=and just at this ti

3、me 就在这时），not only.but (also).(不仅.而且.)，neither.nor.(既不.也不.)（2）表示选择：or(或者，否则),otherwise(否则), or else(否则，either.nor(不是.而是.)（3）表示转折：but（但是，可是，只是因为），yet（可是），not.but.（不是.而是.)（4）表示因果：for（因为）和so（所以，因此）（5）表示对比：while（而，却）2. 一点说明：when作这种用法时，主要用于was/were doing sth. When sth./sb.did; was/were about to do sth.whe

4、n sth./sb.did; was/were on the point of doing sth.when sth,/sb.did等句型中，表示“当某人或某物正在或正要做某事，就在这时突然又发出了另一事”。3. 两点注意：（1）so不与because连用。（2）But, while 不与although连用，但yet，still可与although连用。1、单句填空 用适当的连词填空或用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空。1. It is often said that the joy of traveling is _ in arriving at your destination _ in t

5、he journey itself.2. Stand over there _ youll be able to see the oil painting better.3. He found it increasingly difficult to read, _ his eyesight was beginning to fail.4. In some places women are expected to earn money _ men work at home and raise their children.5. He was about halfway through his

6、meal _ a familiar voice came to his ears.6. Start out right away, _ youll miss the first train.7. We were swimming in the lake _suddenly the storm started.8. The shop doesnt open until 11 a.m. _ it loses a lot of business.9. We are going to the bookstore in Johns car. You can come with us _ you can

7、meet us there later.10. At last, we found ourselves in a pleasant park with trees providing shade and _ (sit) down to eat our picnic lunch.二主从复合句主从复合句(状语从句、名词性从句和定语从句)状语从句【考点】 1.when, while, as引导时间状语从句的区别;2.名词词组the minute, the moment, the first time, each time, any time等用作连词，引导的时间状语从句;3.before,和sinc

8、e引导时间状语从句的用法以及常见的几个句型;4.till和until的用法;5.although, though, as以及even if, even though引导让步状语从句的用法;6.结果状语从句中“sothat”与“suchthat”的区别;7.条件状语从句unless, providing/provided, suppose/supposing等引导词的用法;8.“疑问词+ever”和“no matter+疑问词”引导从句的用法;9. in case引导的状语从句;10.where引导的状语从句;11.once引导的状语从句。12.与祈使句、定语从句、名词从句、倒装句以及与强调句型

9、的混合考查。名词从句1. that和what引导名词性从句的区别;2.名词从句的语序和时态;3. it作形式主语、形式宾语的几种情况;4.宾语从句的否定转移;5.whether和if的用法区别;6.what在名词性从句中的使用;7.doubt后的名词性从句的使用;8.Who / whoever, what / whatever等的用法区别;9.连接词that的省略;定语从句1.that与which引导的定语从句的区别;2.who、whom与whose引导的定语从句的区别;3.关系副词where、when与why引导的定语从句的区别;4.对“as”引导定语从句的考查;5. suchas与such

10、that的区别;the sameas与the samethat的区别;6.对“介词+关系代词”的考查;7.the way 作先行词时,定语从句的引导词作状语用in which ,that 或者省略;8.含有插入语的定语从句;9.与并列句、状语从句、同位语从句以及与强调句型的混合考查。【知识点归纳】I.句子的种类复习主从复合句时，我们首先要对句子的种类有所了解，才能更深入地掌握主从复合句的知识。按用途分种 类类 型例 句陈述句肯定句We love our motherland.我们热爱祖国。否定句They dont go to work on Sundays.他们星期日不上班。疑问句一般疑问句A

11、re you a worker?你是个工人吗？ Havent you seen the film? 你没看过这部电影吗？ 特殊疑问句Who is the man?这人是谁？When do you watch TV?你什么时间看电视？What are they doing now?他们现在正在干什么？选择疑问句Do you want tea or coffee? Either will do.你要茶水还是要咖啡？哪种都行。Does he learn Japanese or French? He learns French.他学日语还是学法语？他学法语。反意疑问句They are going to

12、 the airport, arent they?他们要去机场，是吗？You havent finished your homework, have you?你没做完作业，是吗？祈使句肯定句Be sure to get there at eight.务必八点钟到那儿。否定句Dont worry. Ill help you out.别担心，我会帮助你的。感叹句what +名词What great changes we have had these years!这几年我们有了多么大的变化啊!What a fine day it is!多好的天气呀!how +形容词或副词How brave he i

13、s!他多么勇敢呀!How hard they are working!他们工作多努力呀！how +句子How time flies!时间过得多么快呀!How + adj.+a (an) + n.=What a(an)+adj.+nHow nice a boy (he is) !=What a nice boy (he is)!多好的孩子啊!按结构分种类类型例 句简单句主+谓They disappeared.他们消失了。主+谓+宾He likes swimming.他喜欢游泳。We help each other.我们互相帮助。主+谓+间宾+直接宾I told my friend the goo

14、d news.我把好消息告诉了我的朋友。They sent us a telegram.他们给我们拍了电报。主+谓+宾+宾补They named the boy Jack.他们给孩子起名叫杰克。I want everything ready by eight oclock.我要求一切都要在八点前准备好。主+系+表She is a university student.她是一名大学生。He has become a pilot.他已成为一名飞行员。并列句并列关系and, not onlybut also, neither nor, bothand, notbut,Either you do it, or I ask for somebody else to do it. 要么你来做，要么我请其他人来做。 Neither Tom nor Jack has finished the homework. 汤姆和杰克都没有完成作业。 Not couldnt they complete the task, but the task was too tough. 不是他们完不成任务，而是任务太重了。 转折关系but,while（而，尽管）nevertheless(然而；不过)