定语从句2剖析.docx

1、定语从句2剖析直升机教育：三大从句之定语从句定语：修饰名词，把名词“定住”I dont like lazy people.I dont like people who never keep their word. 先行词 关系词先行词：被定从修饰的名词，常出现在定从前面，故称为“先行词”关系词：引导定语从句，在从句中充当先行词的“替身”一、关系词【关系代词】who whom which that whose asI dont like people who never keep their word.【关系副词】when where whyI will never forget the day

2、 when I met you.【总结】从句缺名词时用关代，不缺名词用关副*特别注意！定从的世界里没有what和how！1. whose：“ta的”/“ta们的”例：【2013福建】 The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those _ lives were affected.A. whose B. that C. who D. which【2005天津】Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from _ effects the peo

3、ple are still suffering.A. that B. whose C. those D. what【2006福建】Look out! Dont get too close to the house _ roof is under repair. A. whose B. which C. of which D. that【2009天津】A person _ e-mail account is full wont be able to send or receive any e-mails.A. who B. whom C. whose D. whoever2. as：“正如”【2

4、004北京】_ is reported in the newspapers, talks between the two countries are making progress.A. It B. As C.That D. What【2004江苏】_ is often the case, we have worked out the production plan.A. Which B. When C. What D. As As is known to all,正如我们都知道的， As has been said before,正如先前说过的， As is shown in the pic

5、ture,正如图画中展示的那样 As often happens,正如经常发生的，注： as的“先行词”是整个主句as从句中常用被动 as引导的定从可置于主句之前 3.which：“这件事”【2013天津】 We have launched another man-made satellite, _is announced in todays newspaper. A. that B. which C. who D. what【2005浙江】Jim passed the driving test, _ surprised everybody in the office. A. which B.

6、 that C. this D. it注：which的“先行词”也可以是整个主句【2007浙江】Chans restaurant on Baker Street, _ used to be poorly run, is now a successful one.A. that B. which C. who D. where【2011浙江】English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of _ uses it differently. A. which B. what C. them D. those注：which

7、的“先行词”也可以是某个名词4. that：“人物绝不避人物”人：that可以指代人物：that可以指代物绝：当先行词表“绝对”意义时，用that不：当先行词是“不定代词”时，用that避：如果句子里已经用了who/which，为避免重复，可以用that人物：当先行词“即有人又有物”时，用that5. 不能用that的情况 逗号后 介词后 一单句练习 1.Thereisntamoment_I mnotthinkingofyou. 2.Shehasmarriedagain,_wasunexpected. 3.Itissuchagoodplace_everybodywantstogoandvisi

8、t_itiswellknownallovertheworld. 4Oneoftheboyswho_(be)myfriends_(be)verygoodatEnglish. 5.Iwillputthebook_youplaceditandmakeamarkattheplace_canbeeasilyseen. (2013杭州) Being blind is something _ most people cant imagine. A. who B. what C. that D. whom (2012天津) Please pass me the cartoon book _ has a Mic

9、key Mouse on the cover. A. whom B. whose C. who D. which (2012广东) There will be a flower show in the park _ we visited last week. A. who B. when C. what D. which (2010天津) Jamie is a young cook _ wants to improve school dinners. A. who B. whose C. whom D. which (2009绍兴) The whole world is fighting ag

10、ainst the H1N1, a disease _ has caused many deaths. A. who B. which C. whom D. what (2009杭州) Is that the man _ helped us a lot after the earthquake? A. whose B. which C. when D. who二、定从解题技巧 Step1：定从的世界里没有what和how Step2：如果有as和whose，则优先考虑as和whose Step3：如果从句不完整，填关代，此时“逗号或介词后”不用that，其他情况用that；如果从句完整，填关副

11、，此时“非时间即地点”只要先行词不是时间，不管是不是地点，都看做地点。【2013湖南】Happiness and success often come to those _ are good at recognizing their own strengths.A. whom B. who C. what D. which【2013山东】 Finally he reached a lonely island _ was completely cut off from the outside world. A. when B. where C. which D. whom【2010全国】I re

12、fuse to accept the blame for something _was someone elses fault. A. who B. that C. as D. whatThis is one of the most exciting football games _ I have ever seen.A. where B. that C. what D. which【2010福建】Stephen Hawking believes that the earth is unlikely to be the only planet _ life has developed grad

13、ually.A. that B. where C. which D. whose【2011湖南】Julie was good at German, French and Russian , all of _ she spoke fluently. A. who B. whom C. which D. that【2011全国II】Ted came for the weekend wearing only some shorts and a T-shirt, _ is a stupid thing to do in such weather.A. this B. that C. what D. w

14、hich三、“介词+关代”现象The girl with whom you will dance is my girlfriend.【2009陕西】 Gun control is a subject _ Americans have argued for a long time.A. of which B. with which C. about which D. into which【2004全国I】The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, _ the sailing time was 226 days.A.

15、of which B. during which C. from which D. for which【2004全国】There are altogether eleven books on the shelf, _ five are mine.A. on which B. in which C. of which D. from which【2012湖南】Care of the soul is a gradual process _ even the small details of life should be considered.A. what B. in what C. which

16、D. in which【2006福建】Look out! Dont get too close to the house_ roof is under repair. A. whose B. which C. of which D. that四、“限制”/“非限制”I have a girlfriend who works abroad.I have a girlfriend, who works abroad.He never wears clothes which make him look different.He never wears clothes, which make him

17、look different.五、定从的翻译（一）在汉语中，用“动词+的”修饰名词时，英语中用定语从句李辉是个教英语的老师。LiHui is a teacher who teaches English.Step1：将“定语从句部分”置于先行词之后Step2：加上相应的关系词从句缺名词用关代，不缺名词用关副 那是我想要的书。 That is the book that/which I want.注意：关系代词在从句中作宾语时可省略 我很高兴收到了期待已久的邀请函。I am glad/happy/delighted to receive the invitation that/which I ha

18、ve been looking forward to. 告诉我们你知道的一切。Tell us all that you know. 他就是我昨天见到的那个人。He is the person that/who/whom I met yesterday 这就是我喜欢这个想法的原因。This is the reason why I like this idea. 我最喜欢的书是霍金写的时间简史The book that I like best is A Brief History of Time which is A Brief History of Time （二）在汉语中，用“一个句子”补充名

19、词性质时，英语中用定语从句1.我有一只羊驼。I have an alpaca2.我有一只羊驼，它是我舅舅从澳大利亚带来的。The alpaca was brought by my uncle from Australia. which3.Tom 是一只羊驼，他总是说谎。Tom is an alpaca who always tells lies.4.南美是一个地方， 在那儿羊驼经常闯进屋子.South America is a place where alpacas often rush into our house.三、定语从句1. 定语从句结构：先行词 + 关系词 + 定语从句2. 例：3

20、. Mary is a girl. + Mary was brought up in Beijing. 4. 5. Mary is a girl who was brought up in Beijing.先行词关系词定语从句人that, who, whomShe is the girl who sings well.物that, whichI like the song that she is playing. 人/物whoseThe girl whose mother is a nurse sings very well.时间whenI wont forget the day when I

21、 met you.地点whereWell visit the park where there are millions of wild birds.原因whyTell me the reason why I failed. 6. 注意：只能用 that 引导，不能用 who / which7. 1. 先行词 = all, little, much, none, everything, anything, nothing 等不定代词8. Tom told his friends everything that I told him.9. 2. the only, the very, the l

22、ast 先行词 10. He was the only person that I could trust.11. 3. 序数词、形容词最高级 先行词12. He was the first boy that past the exam.13. 4. only, all, any, no 等 先行词14. I watched all the movies that were acted by Jet Lee and Stephen Chow.15. 5. 当主句是以疑问词 who 或 which 开头的特殊疑问句时。16. Who is the boy that is running on t

23、he playground with red cheeks?17. 关系代词的省略：18. 1. that, which, who 在从句中作主语时，不能省略19. He is the boy who won the game. 20. 2. 关系代词 which, whom 在从句中作介词宾语时，21. 且介词放在关系代词前，22. 不能省略23. Ill never forget the person with whom I worked.24. 注意区分：25. 1. 先行词表示“地点”时，关系词并不一定是where26. This is the museum where she wor

24、ks.27. This is the museum that well visit.28. 29. 2. 先行词表示“时间”时，关系词不一定是when30. I still remember the day when I met her.31. Sep. 1st, 2014 is the day that I will never forget. 32. where / when = 介词 + which / that33. This is the museum where she works.34. This is the museum. + She works at the museum.35. This is the museum at which she works.36. I still remember the day when I met her.37. I still remember the day. + I met her on the day.38. I still remember the day on which I met her.39.