北师版英语选修6 Unit 16 Section Ⅱ Warm.docx

1、北师版英语选修6 Unit 16 Section WarmSection Warmup & Stories from HistoryLanguage Points abandon vt.抛弃，遗弃；逃离；放弃，中止(教材P132)It looked abandoned.它看起来被遗弃了。(1)abandoned adj. 废弃的，被遗弃的；放任的(2)abandon oneself to(doing)sth. 纵情/沉溺于(做)某事abandon doing sth. 放弃做某事(3)with abandon 放任地，放纵地；纵情地Rescuers had abandoned all the

2、hope of finding any more survivors.救援人员已放弃了能找到更多幸存者的所有希望。Im considering abandoning smoking(smoke)soon.我在考虑很快戒烟。 【导学号：04752000】At the sad news，he abandoned himself(he) to despair.听到这悲伤的消息，他陷入了绝望之中。 come into view 出现(教材P132)Suddenly，the spaceship slowed down and immediately the system came into view.突

3、然，太空船放慢速度，星系马上出现在眼前(1)in ones view 在某人看来on view 在展览；在陈列着in view of 鉴于；考虑到；由于(2)come into fashion 开始流行come into being/existence 开始存在；产生come into power 当权come into effect/force 开始生效come into use 开始启用In view of the new situation，we suggest dialogue should be the only way to solve the North Korea nuclea

4、r issue.鉴于新形势，我们建议对话是解决朝鲜核问题的唯一途径。Long skirts have come into fashion again.长裙又流行起来了。When did the term of newnew people come into being(be)?“新新人类”一词是什么时候出现的？Tsai Ingwen came into power，becoming the first woman to win the position.蔡英文执政，成为第一个获此位置的女性。 knock sb.over撞倒某人；撞翻(教材P132)I remember the dog jump

5、ing up on me and knocking me over into the water.我记得那条狗跳起来扑向我，把我撞倒在水中。knock at/on 敲knock down 撞倒在地；拆毁，摧毁knock into sb. 撞到某人身上knock out 把击昏；击败He knocked his opponent down three times in the first round.在第一个回合中他把对方击倒三次。Toms car knocked into a wire pole last week.上周汤姆的车撞到了电线杆上。图形助记knock at/on敲knock int

6、o撞上knock over撞倒 witness vt.目击(睹)；证明n.目击者，见证人(教材P6).a Roman writer called Pliny wrote about a terrible volcanic eruption that he had witnessed as a young man.一位名叫普利尼的罗马作家描写了他年轻时目睹的一次可怕的火山爆发的情景。(1)witness sth. 目击(睹)某事witness to(doing)sth. 为(做)某事作证；为(做)某事出庭作证(2)be(a) witness to sth. 某事的目击者give witness

7、on behalf of sb. 为某人作证The successful launch of Shenzhou X is a powerful witness to our countrys increasing prosperity.“神舟”十号的成功发射是我们伟大祖国日益强盛的有力见证。Are you prepared to witness to the honesty of your informant?你准备为你消息提供者的诚实作证吗？A taxi driver witnessed to having_seen(see) the accused person enter the bui

8、lding.一位出租车司机作证说曾看到被告进了那座大楼。 occur vi.发生，出现；被想到(起)(教材P6)The eruption had occurred on August 24th,79AD.公元79年8月24日，(位于意大利的维苏威)火山喷发了。sth.occurs to sb.某人突然想到某事it occurs/occurred to sb.to do sth. 某人突然想到要做某事it occurs/occurred to sb.that. 的念头/想法出现在某人的头脑里Now it occurred to him that his farm had much potenti

9、al.现在他突然想起他的农场很有潜力。Didnt it occur to you to_phone(phone) them about it?关于这件事你难道就没想到给他们打个电话？明辨异同occur，happen，take place，break outoccur指事情按计划发生或偶然的、未能预见的发生，强调突然性。happen使用最广，有“偶然发生”之意，常与occur换用，还有“碰巧”的意思；可与不定式连用，意为“碰巧发生”。take place多指事情的发生不是偶然出现的，而是按意图、计划进行的。可引申为“举行，进行”的意思。break out多指战争、火灾等不愉快的事情爆发。(occ

10、ur，happen，take place，break out)The police questioned Bob when exactly the murder occurred/happened.All sorts of unexpected things might happen/occur.The wedding will take_place in St.Peters Church.He was able to flee Europe before the war broke_out.We should all remember that some great scientific d

11、iscoveries occurred/happened by chance. in a way从某种程度上说(教材P6)In a way，Pompeii is like a “time capsule”preserving a frozen moment in history.在某种程度上，庞培古城就像一个“时间舱”，保存了历史上一段被封存了的瞬间。in some ways 在某些方面all the way 自始至终，一直by the way 顺便说，顺便问一下by way of 经由；通过方法in the way 妨碍，挡道in this way 用这种方法in no way 一点也不，决

12、不(置于句首时，引起部分倒装)They are travelling to France by way of London.他们经伦敦去法国旅行。Can you move that box？Its in the way of the door.你能挪开那只箱子吗？它挡着门了。In no way can you lose heart when in trouble.身处困境时，你决不能气馁。 【导学号：04752001】语境助记By the way，I dont like the book in a way，but in no way could I deal with it in this w

13、ay.顺便说一下，我在某种程度上不喜欢这本书，但我决不会用这种方式处理它。 preserve vt.维护；保护，保存(教材P6)In a way，Pompeii is like a “time capsule”preserving a frozen moment in history.在某种程度上，庞培古城就像一个“时间舱”，保存了历史上一段被封存了的瞬间。(1)preserve.from. 保护免受be well preserved 保存(养)得很好(2)preserve n 禁猎地，饲养场preservation n 保存，保护No hunting is allowed in the pr

14、eserve.在这个保护区内不许狩猎。We may preserve the majority of the endangered species from extinction.我们可以保护大多数濒临灭绝的物种免于灭绝。 burst vi.爆炸；冲，闯(教材P7)The building exploded because a gas pipe had burst.这座大楼因煤气管道爆裂而爆炸。(1)burst n 突发，迸发a burst of 一阵(2)burst inbreak in 闯入burst into 闯入(住宅)burst forth 突然发生burst out crying/

15、laughingburst into tears/laughter 突然哭/笑起来A burst of handclapping followed the ending of the song.歌声结束之后接着响起了一阵掌声。I have never seen the feelings of being oppressed bursting forth like a fire.我从来没有看见过那像火一样突然迸发出来的被压抑的情感。We all burst out laughing on hearing his funny story.We all burst into laughter(lau

16、gh) on hearing his funny story.听到他有趣的故事，我们都放声大笑起来。图形助记 爆裂 突然大笑 冲，闯进burstburst out laughting burst in.语境填词1Many people abandon living(live) in big cities because of high expenses.2She witnessed to seeing(see)that man take the money.3Everyone was quiet when Jenny suddenly burst out crying(cry)4The nov

17、el you read yesterday was written by a famous Chinese novelist.(novel)5Preservation in the soil made it possible for ancient Egyptians to preserve dead bodies.(preserve)6This type of fantasy involves people from our world traveling to a fantastic place.(fantasy).选词填空in a way，block out，split up，knock

18、 over，come into view1The village will come_into_view at the next turn.2The cat couldnt possibly knock_over the trash can.3The heavy snowfall blocked_out the roads yesterday.4In_a_way，its one of our biggest mistakes.5The monitor split_up a large class into ten groups.完成句子1当我们转过拐角，一座迷人的城堡映入我们的眼帘。As we

19、 turned the corner，a fascinating castle came_into_view.2他打翻了一瓶墨水把桌布弄脏了。He knocked_over a bottle of ink and ruined the table cloth. 【导学号：04752002】3她突然想到她应该收养这个无家可归的孩子。It_occurred_to_her that she should adopt the homeless child.(教材P6)However，much more than buildings and objects，it_is the forms of the

20、people who were caught in the disaster that have made the city a monument to human history.但是，与城里的建筑及物品相比，那些在那场灾难中遇难的人的轮廓形象则更能使得这座城市成为人类历史上的一座纪念碑。【句式分析】句中it is.that为强调句，强调了the forms of the people who were caught in the disaster。(1)强调句的基本结构为：It is/was被强调部分that/who其他成分。它可以用来强调句中的某些成分，如主语、宾语、状语等，但该结构不能

21、用来强调谓语。被强调的部分指人时用that，who均可，指物或情况时用that。(2)一般疑问句：Is/Was it被强调部分that/who其他？(3)对not.until结构中状语进行强调时，not需置于被强调的部分之中，构成“It is/was not until.that.”结构。(4)特殊疑问句：Where/When/What.is/was itthat/who其他？It is Wang Yaping who is Chinas first teacher in space.中国的第一位太空教师是王亚平。Where was it that Tom saw our teacher la

22、st Sunday?汤姆上周日是在哪里看见我们的老师的？It was not until she took off her sunglasses that I recognized she was a famous film star.直到她摘下墨镜，我才认出她是位著名影星。名师点津(1)判断句子是否为强调句的方法：把it is/was和that/who去掉，再把被强调部分归位到它本来的位置，句子完整就为强调句。(2)被强调代词的形式应与原句保持一致，其谓语动词的单复数与原句主语保持一致。(教材P6)Another man，lying on his side，looks as_if he is

23、 trying to get up.躺在他旁边的另一个人看上去好像是在试图站立起来。【句式分析】这是一个主从复合句，another man looks.是主句，as if引导表语从句。as if/though还可以引导方式状语从句，从句可用陈述语气，也可用虚拟语气。as if/though引导的从句用虚拟语气时，从句的时态用一般过去时，表示与现在事实相反；用过去完成时，表示与过去事实相反。He treats his sister as if/though she were a stranger.他待他姐姐如陌生人。He speaks English as if he had_studied(s

24、tudy)it in England before.他说英语就好像以前在英国学习过似的。完成句子1我没什么可承认的。你到底想让我说什么呢？I have nothing to admit.What_is_it_that you want me to say?2她看起来好像年轻了十岁。She looks as if she_were_ten_years_younger.3看来我们队要胜了。It seems as if our_team_is_going_to_win.Around the end of the first century AD，a Roman writer called Pliny

25、 wrote about a terrible volcanic eruption that he had witnessed as a young man.【分析】本句是一个主从复合句，that引导定语从句，修饰先行词eruption。句中过去分词短语called Pliny作后置定语，修饰writer。【翻译】大约公元一世纪末，一位名叫普利尼的罗马作家描述了他年轻时目睹的一次可怕的火山爆发的情景。过去完成时阅读下列句子并体会黑体部分的用法1.a Roman writer called Pliny wrote about a terrible volcanic eruption that h

26、e had witnessed as a young man.2By 1748，they had found an awesome historical site.3He had worked in the factory for five years before we moved here.4The film had begun when they arrived at the cinema.5I had hoped to meet you at the airport，but I was caught in a traffic jam.一、概念过去完成时的基本用法与现在完成时相似，所不同

27、的是：现在完成时的动作需在现在以前完成，过去完成时的动作需在过去某一时间以前完成，也就是说动作发生在“过去的过去”。二、构成主语had动词的过去分词You abandoned the map because you had learned how to get home.你丢掉地图，因为你已经学会如何回家。三、基本用法1表示过去的过去表示在过去的某一时间或某一动作之前完成的动作或存在的状态，也就是“过去的过去”。可以用by，before等介词短语或一个时间状语从句、用一个表示过去的动作以及通过上下文来表示。By nine oclock last night，we had got 200 pic

28、tures from the spaceship.到昨晚9点钟，我们已经收到200张从宇宙飞船发来的图片。How long had Mr.Wang taught in the middle school before he came here?王老师来这里之前，在中学教了多长时间的书？I was very sad at his death.We had been good friends since our childhood.他的去世使我很悲伤。我们自童年时代起就是好朋友。2用于宾语从句或间接引语中I wondered who had taken the umbrella without p

29、ermission.我想知道谁不经允许就把雨伞拿走了。3表示未曾实现的愿望或打算，主要用于表示“愿望，打算”一类的词，如hope，want，expect，think，suppose，plan，mean，intend等动词。They had wanted to help but could not get there in time.他们本打算去帮忙，但没有及时赶到那里。4过去完成时用于一些固定句型中，例如This/It/That was the first/second.timethat从句(从句中用过去完成时)，Hardly(scarcely/barely)had.done.when.和No

30、 sooner had.done.than.结构。Hardly had he begun to speak when the audience interrupted him.他刚开始演讲，听众就打断了他。5过去完成时用于虚拟语气，在wish，as if/though，if，if only，would rather sb.had done sth.结构或从句中，常用过去完成时来表示与过去的事实相反。If he had caught the early bus this morning，he would not have been late for class.如果他今天早上赶上了早班车，他上课就不会迟到了。四、语法区别1一般过去时与过去完成时的用法区别(1)一般过去时表示过去时间发生的动作或存在的状态；而过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已完成的动作或状态，即“过去的过去”。当强调过去某一动作发生在另一动作之前，常用过去完成时。The sports me