中考英语熟词生义总汇教育文档.docx

1、中考英语熟词生义总汇教育文档中考英语熟词生义总汇死记硬背是一种传统的教学方式,在我国有悠久的历史。但随着素质教育的开展,死记硬背被作为一种僵化的、阻碍学生能力发展的教学方式,渐渐为人们所摒弃;而另一方面,老师们又为提高学生的语文素养煞费苦心。其实,只要应用得当,“死记硬背”与提高学生素质并不矛盾。相反,它恰是提高学生语文水平的重要前提和基础。 A课本、报刊杂志中的成语、名言警句等俯首皆是,但学生写作文运用到文章中的甚少,即使运用也很难做到恰如其分。为什么?还是没有彻底“记死”的缘故。要解决这个问题,方法很简单,每天花3-5分钟左右的时间记一条成语、一则名言警句即可。可以写在后黑板的“积累专栏”

2、上每日一换,可以在每天课前的3分钟让学生轮流讲解,也可让学生个人搜集,每天往笔记本上抄写,教师定期检查等等。这样,一年就可记300多条成语、300多则名言警句,日积月累,终究会成为一笔不小的财富。这些成语典故“贮藏”在学生脑中,自然会出口成章,写作时便会随心所欲地“提取”出来,使文章增色添辉。 aset一套；一份要练说，先练胆。说话胆小是幼儿语言发展的障碍。不少幼儿当众说话时显得胆怯：有的结巴重复，面红耳赤；有的声音极低，自讲自听；有的低头不语，扯衣服，扭身子。总之，说话时外部表现不自然。我抓住练胆这个关键，面向全体，偏向差生。一是和幼儿建立和谐的语言交流关系。每当和幼儿讲话时，我总是笑脸相迎

3、，声音亲切，动作亲昵，消除幼儿畏惧心理，让他能主动的、无拘无束地和我交谈。二是注重培养幼儿敢于当众说话的习惯。或在课堂教学中，改变过去老师讲学生听的传统的教学模式，取消了先举手后发言的约束，多采取自由讨论和谈话的形式，给每个幼儿较多的当众说话的机会，培养幼儿爱说话敢说话的兴趣，对一些说话有困难的幼儿，我总是认真地耐心地听，热情地帮助和鼓励他把话说完、说好，增强其说话的勇气和把话说好的信心。三是要提明确的说话要求，在说话训练中不断提高，我要求每个幼儿在说话时要仪态大方，口齿清楚，声音响亮，学会用眼神。对说得好的幼儿，即使是某一方面，我都抓住教育，提出表扬，并要其他幼儿模仿。长期坚持，不断训练，幼

4、儿说话胆量也在不断提高。 We post up a set of rules for the house.要练说，得练看。看与说是统一的，看不准就难以说得好。练看，就是训练幼儿的观察能力，扩大幼儿的认知范围，让幼儿在观察事物、观察生活、观察自然的活动中，积累词汇、理解词义、发展语言。在运用观察法组织活动时，我着眼观察于观察对象的选择，着力于观察过程的指导，着重于幼儿观察能力和语言表达能力的提高。 我们张贴了一份房屋生活守则。宋以后，京师所设小学馆和武学堂中的教师称谓皆称之为“教谕”。至元明清之县学一律循之不变。明朝入选翰林院的进士之师称“教习”。到清末，学堂兴起，各科教师仍沿用“教习”一称。其

5、实“教谕”在明清时还有学官一意，即主管县一级的教育生员。而相应府和州掌管教育生员者则谓“教授”和“学正”。“教授”“学正”和“教谕”的副手一律称“训导”。于民间，特别是汉代以后，对于在“校”或“学”中传授经学者也称为“经师”。在一些特定的讲学场合，比如书院、皇室，也称教师为“院长、西席、讲席”等。 actv. 担任；担当She acted as our interpreter.她给我们当翻译。addv.继续说；补充说The President agreed, adding that he hoped for a peaceful solution.总统表示赞同并补充说他希望和平解决。addre

6、ssn.演说，致词 v.向致词，对说话The President gave anaddressto the nation over the radio.总统向全国发表广播演说。She addressed herself to both of you.她跟你们俩说话。afraidadj.担忧的Shesafraidfor her family in Somalia.她为身在索马里的家人担心。afterprep.鉴于，由于，仿照，模仿a novel after Dickens style一本模仿狄更斯文体的小说aliveadj.热闹的；活跃的The river wasalivewith birds.

7、沿河活跃着各种鸟类。awfuladj.十分的，大量的Ive got anawfullot of work to do.我有一大堆事情要做。Bbandn.条纹；带状物Abandof light glowed in the space between floor and door.一束阳光透过地板和门之间的缝隙照了进来bank n.堤，岸，田埂We beached the canoe, running it right up thebank.我们把独木舟径直划到岸边，并拖上岸。bargainv. 用交换；拿做交易The traveller bargained his watch for food.

8、这名游客用他的手表交换食物。blue adj.沮丧的，忧郁的，下流的Theres no reason for me to feel soblue.我也说不出来为什么这么沮丧。boardn.膳食，伙食Free room andboardare provided for all hotel staff.宾馆的所有员工都可享受免费膳宿。build n.体格，体形The power of him is undermined by the smallness of hisbuild.瘦小的身形削弱了他的权威感。businessn.事件；情况This wholebusinessis very puzzli

9、ng.这件事从头到尾都很让人费解。byprep.到（某时）之前，不迟于Byeight oclock he had arrived at my hotel.到8点时，他已经到达我住的宾馆了。Ccann.(装液体等的)容器(如罐、壶、桶等)Some young men were kicking a canalong the middle of the road.几个青年人踢着一个罐头在路中间走着。casen.情况，境遇I knew I was going to make it that I wasnt a hopelesscase.我就知道自己能挺过去我还没到山穷水尽的地步。charactern.

10、品行，名声Mr Bartman was a man of goodcharacter.巴特曼先生品德高尚。chinan.瓷器a small boat made ofchina.瓷制小船classn.社会等级，种类 v. 把归类;把视为the relationship between social classes社会阶级关系Iclassmyself as an ordinary working person.我把自己当作一个普通的上班族。cool v.(感觉、感情等)变淡，减弱，减少Within a few minutes tempers had cooled.几分钟之内，火气就变小了。coac

11、hv.给补习;(尤指)为辅导备考He gently coached me in French.他为我补习法语，态度十分温和。crossadj.生气的 v. 反对;拒绝Im terriblycrosswith him.我很生他的气。If you evercrosshim, forget it, youre finished.如果你曾经跟他作过对，就别想了，你没戏了。Ddaten.枣A date is a small, dark-brown, fruit with a stone inside.枣子是一种很小，深红色，有核的水果。developv.冲洗(底片)Lets have these pic

12、tures developed.让我们把这些照片冲洗出来吧。doctorn.博士He is adoctorof philosophy.他是哲学博士。drawv.开支票，领取(存款)He was waving his arms todrawtheir attention.他正挥手以引起他们的注意。She was drawing out cash from a cash machine.她正从自动提款机中取钱。dressv.穿衣，给(伤口)敷药，打扮，调制(色拉)She used todressin jeans.她过去常穿牛仔裤。The poor child never cried when I

13、was dressing her wounds.我给这个可怜的孩子包扎伤口时,她不哭也不闹。Scatter the tomato over, thendressthe salad.把西红柿散放在上面,然后给色拉加调味汁。Eeasyadj.安逸的，自在的She has not had aneasylife.她一直没有过上过安逸的生活。emptyadj. 空虚的 v.排空，倒出My life was very busy butemptybefore I met him.在遇到他之前，我的生活非常繁忙却很空虚。I emptied the ashtray.我把烟灰缸倒空了。erasern.黑板擦Rub

14、 out chalk marks with aneraser.用黑板擦擦掉粉笔字迹.excusev.辩解，找借口It is easy to find excuses for his mistakes.为他的错误寻找借口是很容易的。That doesntexcusemy mothers behaviour.那并不能为我母亲的行为辩解。Ffacev.面临，面对，正视You mustfacethe truth that a relationship has ended.你必须面对现实，一段感情已结束了。falln.(常pl.)瀑布panoramic views of the falls.瀑布的全景f

15、irmn.公司Myfirmwasofficedin the city.我的公司在市里设有办公室。fitv.适合，适应(使)符合，（使）一致This coat does not fit me.这上衣并不适合我穿。His idea did not quite fit in with our aim.他的想法和我们的目标不完全一致。Ggo v.处于的状态，衰退，磨损，（消息等）被传递His eyes are going; he says he has glaucoma.他的视力在下降，他说自己得了青光眼。greenadj.无经验的，容易上当的He was a young lad, verygreen

16、, very immature.他还是个毛头小子，幼稚得很，一点都不成熟。Hhand n. 援手，帮助，支配，掌管He had thought her worth taking inhand.他曾经认为照管她是值得的。I could see youd want ahandwith the children.我能看出你需要有人帮着照看孩子。headv.作为的首领，标题为，（向特定方向）出发One chapter is headed, Beating the Test.有一章的标题为“战胜考试”。He headed for the bus stop.他朝着公共汽车站走去。hitn.成功且轰动一时的

17、事物（如歌曲等）The song became a massivehitin 1945.这首歌在1945年风靡大江南北。Jjobn.职责，作用Their mainjobis to preserve health rather than treat illness.它们的主要功效是保健而非治病。justadj.正当的；公正的She fought for ajustcause and for freedom。她为了正义的事业和自由而斗争。Llandv.着陆，突然出现The jet landed after a flight of just under three hours.这架喷气式飞机在飞行了

18、将近3小时后降落了。Two days later the book had already landed on his desk.两天后那本书竟然已经摆在了他的书桌上。layv.产（卵），下（蛋）My canary has laid an egg.我的金丝雀生了一个蛋leadn.(戏剧、电影等中的)主角The leads are Jack Hawkins and Glynis Johns.杰克霍金斯和格莉妮斯约翰斯主演。long v.渴望Im longing to meet her.我渴望见到她。look n.外表，外貌I never chose people just because of

19、their looks.我从不以貌取人。lovelyadj.亲切和善的；心地善良的Laura is alovelyyoung woman.劳拉是个亲切友好的姑娘。Mmoven.举措，措施It may also be a goodmoveto suggest she talks things over.建议她把事情谈开了也许是不错的做法。mean adj. 刻薄的，吝啬的 v. 故意，有意Dont be so mean to me.别对我这么刻薄。I didntmeanto hurt you.我无意伤害你。meansn.方法(means 用于此意时单复数同形)The move is ameans

20、to fight crime.采取这项举措是为了打击犯罪。missv.错过，遗漏It was too good an chance tomiss.这个机会太好了，不容错过。Nnoticen.通知，公告Hetoredownthenotice.他把通知揭了下来。Ooffadv.休息，不工作The rest of the men had the dayoff.其他人这天没上班。onadv.开着的，接通的，工作着的The light wasonand the door was open.灯亮着，门也敞开着。ordern.订单，订货They cant supply ourorder.我们订的货他们无法供

21、应。Pparkv.停车He found a place toparkthe car.他找到了一个停车位。peoplev.居住在This is a small town peopled by lay workers and families.这是一个普通工人和家庭居住的小镇。playn.戏剧，剧本Its my favourite Shakespeareplay.它是我最喜欢的一部莎士比亚戏剧。prettyadv.相当，很，颇She always wasprettystrong.她一直都很强壮。push v.督促；逼迫He pushed her into making a decision.他逼迫

22、她做出决定。She thanks her parents for keeping her in school and pushing her to study.她感谢父母送她上学并督促她学习。pick v. 挑选How do youpicktherightone?怎么样选择一个正确的方案？Qquestionv.质疑；盘问The never questionthe doctors decisions.他们从未质疑医生的决定。A man is being questioned by police.警方正在盘问一名男子。Rracen.种族，血统The College welcomes student

23、s of all races.学院欢迎所有的学生，无论什么种族。raise v.筹集，筹募They raised the money to buy the house.他们筹钱来购买房屋。ringv.打电话He said he was going to ring up this morning.他说过今天上午他会来电话的runv.(机器)运转，求助于，经营，管理Her sewing machine wont run properly.她的缝纫机不能正常运转了。You mustnt run to your elder brother with every problem.你千万不要一遇到难题就向

24、哥哥求助。He helped his father run a shop in Shanghai.他协助父亲在上海经营一家商店。Ssavev.储存，储蓄Weshouldsavesomefoodagainst unexpectedneeds.我们应该储存一些粮食，以备不时之需。schoolv. 教育Shes been schooling her kids herself.她一直在自己教育孩子。sentencen.判决，刑罚He was given a four-yearsentence.他被判了4年徒刑。shapev.成形，影响，进展顺利Our familiesshapeour lives an

25、d make us what we are.家庭影响了我们的生活，决定了我们成为什么样的人。sightn.(常pl.)名胜，风景I am going to show you the sights of our wonderful city.我会带你浏览我们这座美丽城市的风景名胜。specialn.特色菜Can you introduce some specials for me?你可以给我介绍一些特色菜吗？standv.忍受I cantstandany more. Im going to run away.我再也受不了了。我要逃走。stagen.行程；阶段Mr Cook has arrived

26、 in Greece on the finalstageof his tour .库克先生在行程的最后一站来到了希腊。stilladj.不动的，无风的The night air was verystill.夜晚没有什么风。storev.储存Storethe cookies in an airtight tin.把饼干贮存在一个密封罐里。storyn.楼层The lowest story of a building, usually below ground level.建筑物最低的楼层, 通常在地平面以下.studyn.研究 v. 审视，细看Ashistorianswebrood aboutt

27、hestudyofthehistory.作为历史学家，我们关心的是研究历史。Debbie studied her friends face for a moment.黛比仔细端详了一会她朋友的脸。suggestv.显示，间接表明，暗示Earlier reports suggested that a meeting would take place on Sunday.早先的报道暗示周日可能会召开会议。Ttalkn.空谈Conditions should be laid down. Otherwise its alltalk.应该先定下条件，否则全是空谈。tasten.品味，审美力，体验，感受H

28、istastein clothes is extremely good.他在穿衣方面很有品味。This voyage was his firsttasteof freedom.这次航行使他初次体验到了自由的滋味。tensev.（使）（肌肉）紧张，绷紧Newmans stomach muscles tensed.纽曼的腹肌绷紧了。tear v. 移动 ，撕碎，弄坏I stared at the man, couldnttearmy eyes away.我盯着那个人看，视线无法移开。She very nearly tore my overcoat.她差点把我的大衣扯破了。tiev.捆绑，系He tied the ends of the plastic bag together.他把塑料袋的两头系在了一起。trainv.培训，训练Some children come to school with more finely trained skills than others.一些孩子在入学时比其他孩子受过更好的感知技能培训。treatv.款待，治疗She was always treating him to ice