裕兴版新概念英语 第二册 第62课 lesson 62 详细笔记.docx

1、裕兴版新概念英语 第二册 第62课 lesson 62 详细笔记裕兴版新概念英语 第二册 第62课 lesson 62 详细笔记Lesson 62: After the fire 大火之后 First listen and then answer the question. 听录音，然后回答以下问题。 What was the danger to the villages after the fire? Firemen had been fighting the forest for nearly three weeks before they could get it under contr

2、ol. A short time before, great trees had covered the countryside for miles around. Now, smoke still rose up from the warm ground over the desolate hills. Winter was coming on and the hills threatened the surrounding villages with destruction, for heavy rain would not only wash away the soil but woul

3、d cause serious floods as well. When the fire had at last been put out, the forest authorities ordered several tons of a special type of grass-seed which would grow quickly. The seed was sprayed over the ground in huge quantities by aeroplanes. The planes had been planting seed for nearly a month wh

4、en it began to rain. By then, however, in many places the grass had already taken root. In place of the great trees which had been growing there for centuries patches of green had begun to appear in the blackened soil.New words and expressions 生词和短语1. control kntrul n. 控制2. smoke smuk n. 烟3. desolat

5、e deslt, desleit adj. 荒凉的4. threaten retn v. 威胁5. surrounding sraundi adj. 周围的6. destruction distrkn n. 破坏，毁灭7. flood fld n. 洪水，水灾8. authority :rti n. （常用复数）当局9. grass-seed gra:ssi:d n. 草籽10.spray sprei v. 喷撒11.quantity kwntti n. 量12.root ru:t, rut n. 根13.century senturi n. 世纪14.patch pt n. 小片15.bla

6、cken blkn v. 变黑，发暗参考译文 消防队员们同那场森林大火搏斗了将近3个星期才最后把火势控制住。就在不久之前，参天大树还覆盖着方圆数英里的土地。而现在，发热的地面上仍然升腾着烟雾，弥漫在荒凉的山丘上。冬季即将来临，这些山丘对周围的村庄具有毁灭性的威胁，因为大雨不仅会冲走土壤，而且还会引起严重的水灾。在大火最后被扑灭后，森林管理当局订购了好几吨一种生长迅速的特殊类型的草籽。飞机把这种草籽大量地撒播在地上。飞机撒播近一个月后，开始下起雨来。然而到那时，很多地方的草已经生了根。一片片的绿草开始出现在这片烧焦的土地上，代替了多少世纪以来一直生长在那里的参天大树。【生词讲解】1. contr

7、ol kntrul n. 控制1）控制，管理control of sb./sth.control over sb./sth. 控制，支配3）v. desleit 使沦为废墟，使荒凉，使悲伤绝望（尤用于被动语态）a city desolated by civil war 因内战而荒凉的城市a family desolated by the loss of a child 失去一个孩子而悲伤绝望的家庭desolation u n. 荒凉，破坏；凄凉，孤寂the desolation caused by war 战争引起的破坏desolately adv. 荒凉地4. threaten retn v

8、. 威胁1）v. 恐吓，威胁threaten sb. with 以恐吓（人）threaten an employee with dismissal 用解雇威胁一个员工threaten sb. with a gun 持枪威胁eg. The robber threatened me with a gun. 歹徒持枪威胁我。eg. The hills threaten the villages with destruction.山丘给村庄带来毁灭性的威胁。threaten to do sth. 恐吓说要eg. He threatened to make the photo public. 他恐吓说要

9、把照片公之于众。2) v. threaten to do sth. 有恶兆（似将发生不好的事情）（坏事）迫近eg. It theatens to snow. 天要下雪了。eg. A typhoon was threatening. 台风迫近。threat n. 恐吓，威胁an empty threat虚张声势Dutch defense（不是“荷兰人的防御”） 虚张声势（英国人与荷兰人的17世纪海上竞争）关于Dutch 一词的补充说明（可省略）Dutch bargin 双方在酒桌上达成的交易beat the Dutch 了不起，令人吃惊do the Dutch/ Dutch act 自杀Dutc

10、h comfort 退一步想得到的安慰Doutch courage 匹夫之勇Go Dutch AA制Dutch concert 各唱各调 的音乐会Dutch treat 各自付费的聚餐或娱乐活动Dutch uncle 严厉的训斥者in Dutch 处于困境，失宠Double Dutch / double talk莫名其妙的话。eg. Terrorism is a threat to the entire human race. 恐怖主义是对全人类的威胁。under threat of punishment在处罚的威胁下（under后不加冠词）threatening adj. 恐吓的，威胁的5.

11、 surrounding sraundi adj. 周围的surround v. 围绕，包围，围住eg. Troops have surrounded the town. 军队包围了这座城市。eg. He like to surround himself with beauties. 他喜欢泡在脂粉堆里。eg. The wall surrounds the jail.= The jail is surrounded with the wall.= The jail is surrounded by the wall. 监狱被围墙围着。eg. Mystery surrounds the actr

12、ess s death. 这个女演员的死亡笼罩着神秘的色彩。surrounding adj. 周围的the surrounding villages 周围的村庄Beinjing and the surrounding countryside 北京及其近郊surroundings (pl.)n. 周围的物体，条件等，环境eg. No one can avoid being influenced by surroundings. 没有人能避免不被环境影响。eg. Id like to bring up my child in healthy surroundings. 我想在健康的环境里抚养孩子。

13、6. destruction distrkn n.u破坏，毁灭反义词constructionthe destruction of a town by a tidal wave 海啸毁掉的小镇eg. The storm caused great destruction. 风暴造成了巨大的破坏。the total destruction of Tangshan by an earthquake地震给唐山造成的彻底毁灭eg. Drink was his destruction. 是酒毁了他。destructive adj 毁灭性的the destructive force of the storm

14、暴风造成的毁灭力量a destructive earthquake 毁灭性的地震eg. The missile has great destructive power. 导弹具有极大的毁灭力。destructible adj. 可破坏的，可摧毁的destroy vt. 破坏，毁坏eg. The fire destroyed the whole forest. 大火毁了整个森林。eg. All my hopes were destroyed by his letter of refusal. 我的希望被他的拒绝毁了。destroyer 破坏者；驱逐舰7. flood fld n. 洪水，水灾1）

15、n. 浇水，水灾the Flood （Bible中记载上帝借以惩罚人类的）洪水before the Flood 远古时代（源自圣经旧约创世纪）eg. We wont forget the terrible flood in China in 1998. 我们不会忘记1998年的大洪水的。2）n. 多， 大批，大量a flood of letters 大量的信件eg. The child was in floods of tears. 孩子哭成泪人了。3) v. 淹没，泛滥eg. The river has flooded the surrounding area. 这条河淹没了周围的地区。eg

16、. Every spring the river floods the fields. 每年春天，这条河都要淹没田野。4) v. （人，物）涌到（某场所），（光线，声音）充满（某场所）eg. Japanese cars have flooded the American market. 日本汽车充斥着美国市场。eg. Letters of thanks flooded in. 感谢信源源不断地涌入。eg. Requests for information flooded to the office. The office was flooded with requests for inform

17、ation. 索取资料的信函（电话）大量涌入办公室。8. authority :rti n. （常用复数）当局1）n. 当局，官方 （pl.）the forest authorities 森林管理 当局the health authorities 卫生当局the school authorities 学校当局2) n. u 权威，权力eg. President is of great authority. 总统有至高无上的权力。eg. Teachers should have greater authority over their students. 教师对学生应该有更高的权威。eg. Wh

18、o is authority here? 这由谁来主管？3）n. c 权威人士；来源eg. She is an authority on Spanish. 她是西班牙语的权威人士。eg. I know it on good authority. 我根据可靠消息来源得知这件事。authoritative :rittiv adj. 有权力的，当局的，有权威的，可依赖的authorize :raiz v. 授权给eg. He authorized the man as chairman. 他授权给这个人当主席。9. grass-seed gra:ssi:d n. 草籽grass1) n. 草a bl

19、ade of grass /a leaf of grass 一片草叶feed grass to cows 给牛吃草 graze2) n. 草地keep off the grass 请勿践踏草地grass roots 群众let the grass grow under ones feet 懈怠seed1) n. c 种子（part of plant）sunflower seeds 葵花籽2) n. u (种植，喂鸟等的)种子（quantity of these for planting, feeding birds）3) n. c 根本，原因eg. His sudden death sowed

20、 seeds of trouble in his family. 他猝然去世，给家族埋下了纠纷的祸根。10.spray sprei v. 喷撒1）vt. 喷洒，喷于spray paint on the furniture给家具喷上漆a famer sprayed his crops with pesticide一个给庄稼喷杀虫剂的农民eg She sprayed water in the shirt before ironing it.= She sprayed the shirt with water before ironing. 她在熨烫前给衬衫洒上水。2) n. 喷雾器；喷液insec

21、t spray 喷液杀虫剂11.quantity kwntti n. 量1）n. 大小，质量uquantity and quality 重量和质量2）n. 数目，数量cueg. A small quantity of furniture is painted blue.a large quantity (of) 大量的（可修饰可数名词、不可数名词，谓语用单数。）eg. A large quantity of people is needed here. 这儿需要大量的人。in quantity/ in large quantities 大量的in a small quantity/ in sm

22、all quantities 少量的quantities of + cu 谓语用复数eg. Quantities of food were on the table. 桌上有大量的食物。12.root ru:t, rut n. 根1）n. 根c (同音词：route)the root of a treepull up a plant by the root 把植物连根拔起2）n. 根源，原因the root cause of sth根本原因the root of the problem 问题的根源eg. The love of money is the root of all evil. 崇拜

23、金钱乃万恶之源。put down new roots 在新的地方立足root and branch 完全地，彻底地3) v. 使生根，使扎根eg. Does this plant root easily? 这种植物容易生根吗？13.century senturi n. 世纪（指耶稣基督去世以前或以后的每100年的期间）the 20th century （公元1900-1999年）21st Century 21世纪报at the turn of the century 在世纪之交eg. We have entered the 21st century. 我们已经进入了21世纪。centuries

24、 ago 几个世纪之前14.patch pt n. 小片1) n. 补丁，布片pants/trousers full of patches 打满补丁的裤子eg. My jeans need patches on the knees. 我的牛仔裤需要补一下2）n. 小块，小片patches of green 小块的绿地patches of sunlight 斑驳的阳光3）n. 小块地a vegetable patch 小菜园4) v. 修补eg. She patched the hole in the trousers. 她补好了裤子上的洞patchwork 拼凑之物15.blacken blk

25、n v. 使变黑，使发暗，损害，诽谤以-en结尾的动词：blacken, tighten loosen, whiten, deepen, darken, broaden, shorten, quicken, worsen, thicken-en 与表示或描述性质或状态的名词，形容词结合，构成动词，描述使某物具有特定性质或处于特定状态的活动过程。【课文讲解】1. Firemen had been fighting the forest for nearly three weeks before they could get it under control.had been fighting 在

26、过去的三周一直在和大火搏斗fight the fire 和大火搏斗fight for liberation 为解放而战fight against cancer 与癌症作斗争fight a good fight 打一场漂亮的仗have a fight 打架，战斗win a fight 赢得一场战斗lose a fight 输掉一场战斗get under control (= bring under control)control vt. 管理eg He controls a large company. 他管理一家大公司。扩展check v. 检查eg. A mechanic checked m

27、y car engine. 一位技师检查了我的汽车引擎。2. A short time before, great trees had covered the countryside for miles around. a short time before 不久以前=a short while before=not long beforegreat trees 参天大树great adj. 大的，伟大的(除了大还有“重要的”含义)eg. The Parthenon is a great(important) building. 帕台农神殿（希腊用以祭祀雅典娜女神的神庙） 是座重要的建筑。bi

28、g adj. 大的（一般用语，没有“重要的”含义）eg. Skyscrapers are big buildings. 摩天大楼是大型的建筑。cover v. 覆盖，遮掩eg. She covered her face with her hands. 她用手捂住脸。eg. Dust covered his desk. 灰尘覆盖了他的桌面。be covered witheg. Our apple tree is covered with fruit. 我们的苹果树果实累累。3. Now, smoke still rose up from the warm ground over the deso

29、late hills. rise up from 从向上升起rise to ones feet 站起身来rise from the table （吃完饭）离开餐桌rise in the world 出头，发迹，飞黄腾达rise to a height of 200 meters 上升到200米的高度a rise in life 晋升，发迹，出头the rise and fall of the Roman Empire 罗马帝国的兴衰4. Winter was coming on and the hills threatened the surrounding villages with des

30、truction, for heavy rain would not only wash away the soil but would cause serious floods as well. come on 开始，来临，用于指时间，季节等自然情况的出现。eg. It came on to rain.（The rain came on） 雨季来临了。 补充说明for 是并列连词，表示推断的原因，或对前一分句补充说明理由。eg. It must be morning for the birds are singing. 一定是清晨了，因为鸟儿在叫for + 名词，因理由，为了eg. She was angry with him for being late 她因为他迟到而生气eg. He jumped for joy at the news. 听到这个消息他高兴地蹦了起来。eg. I like him none the worse for such fault. 我不会因为他有这样的缺点而讨