高中英语作文写作议论文设计专题.docx

1、高中英语作文写作议论文设计专题高中作文写作：议论文(专题二）基本类型:记叙文- 写事记叙文、 写人的记叙文议论文- 对比观点议论文、说明利弊议论文说明文- 事理类说明文、事物类说明文 应用文- 书信、通知、日记、海报、便条、启事、欢迎词、欢送词、告别词、广告 议论文（一）定义：议论文又叫说理文，是一种剖析事物、论述事理、发表意见、提出主张的文体。作者通过摆事实、讲道理、辨是非，以确定其观点正确或错误，树立或否定某种主张。 三要素论点，论据和论证是议论文的三要素，论点是作者对所论问题所持的见解和主张；论据是用来证明论点的事实和道理的根据；论证就是用论据来证明论点的方法和过程。一般来说，议论文每段

2、应有主题句（topic sentence）来确定论点。文章结尾往往提出自己的看法、意见或建议，表示对某一现象或论点的赞成或反对。论证有立论和驳论两种，作者证明自己的论点正确，是立论；反之，证明别人的论点错误，是驳论。议论文的注意事项1. 论点要鲜明，不可含糊其辞；论据要充分，要能充分证明观点的命题性，论据过程要条理清晰。2. 文章安排逻辑性要强，推理要严密。3. 重在说理，以理服人。4. 主要使用现在时态。5. 中学英语书面表达所要求的议论文，是一种限定性的写作，其论点、论据和论证都比较明确，有的文章提出问题，如：为什么？/怎么办？/该采取什么措施？考生可以结合题目要求阐述相关的观点，切忌随意

3、发挥。议论文模板一、正反观点式议论文模板导入：第1段：Recently weve had a discussion about whether we should（导入话题）Our opinions are divided on this topic.（观点有分歧）正文：第2段：Most of the students are in favor of it.（正方观点）Here are the reasons. First SecondFinally（列出23个赞成的理由）第3段：However, the others are strongly against it.（反方观点）Their r

4、easons are as follows. In the first place Whats more In addition（列出23个反对的理由）结论：第4段：Personally speaking ,the advantages overweigh the disadvantages, for it will do us more good than harm, so I support it （个人观点）二、“A”或者“B”类议论文模板：导入：第1段Some people hold the opinion that A is superior to B in many ways. O

5、thers, however, argue that B is much better. Personally, I would prefer A because I think A has more advantages.正文：第2段There are many reasons why I prefer A. The main reason is that Another reason is that (赞同A的原因)第3段：All these factors are considered, A is much better than B. From what has been discus

6、sed above, we may finally draw the conclusion that A is superior to B in many ways.(得出结论)三、观点论述类议论文模板：导入：第1段：提出一种现象或某个决定作为议论的话题As a student, I am strongly in favor of the decision. (亮明自已的观点是赞成还是反对)The reasons for this may be listed as follows. （过渡句，承上启下）正文：第2段：First of all SecondlyBesides（列出23个赞成或反对

7、的理由）结论：第3段：In conclusion, I believe that (照应第1段，构成“总分总”结构)四、连贯地连接信息（1）常用的过渡词（组）1. 表示并列 whats more, in addition, too ,as well ,besides, furthermore, moreover ,whats worse.2. 表示因果 therefore, for this reason, thus, consequently.3. 表示转折 but, however, on the contrary, instead, on one hand on the other ha

8、nd4. 表示时间顺序 later, afterwards, from then on ,eventually, in the meantime, then, at the same time, after a while, at present, after that, finally5. 表示列举 first, to begin with, secondly, first of all, then, next, finally6. 举例说明 such as, for example, for instance, take for example7. 表示让步 nevertheless, s

9、till8. 表示对比 on the contrary, in contrast, similarly9. 陈述事实 in fact, actually ,as a matter of fact, to tell you the truth10. 表示总结 in a word, in short, to sum up, in conclusion, on the whole, to conclude, in brief, in summary, in general, all in all11. 表示意义重复 thats to say, in other words, to put it in

10、 another way, to put it differently12. 表示强调 above all, more importantly, indeed, without any doubt(2)常用的过渡句式有：1. I do agree with 2. In some way, I agree with,but3. This point sounds right, but 4. However, I think5. I definitely believe 6. In my opinion/view, 7. Personally, I feel that/ Personally, I

11、 agree with8. As far as Im concerned,9. I cant agree more with the father. Such cases are often seen in our life10. Attitudes towardsare various. 11. for one thing. .for another12. last but not the least.(3)表达观点认为Think/feel/consider/say /hold that/hold the view that /insist/believe that依我看In my opin

12、ion/in my view/ in my eyes /as far as I am concerned就我所知As far as I know我有理由如下My reasons are as follows我的观点如下Here are my opinions赞成/支持Agree/be for/be in favor of恐怕Im afraid that我相信Im convinced that我反对I dont agree with the idea that（4）引用 俗话说/常言道There goes the old saying As the saying goes There is a

13、sayingAs a proverb says As we all know（5）常用句子1. Different people (students) have different ideas.2. Different people look at in different ways.3. 60% of the students hold the view that On the other hand, 40% believe that 4. Opinions on the question are divided as follows: 70% of the students think t

14、hat. On the other hand, 30% dont like the idea of.5. Id love to give my opinion about.6. There are many advantages in First.Second, Third However , there are some disadvantages as well. Besides,议论文通常由立论、论证和结论三部分组成，120词左右的议论文无需大量旁征博引，但要观点明确，逻辑严密，语言简练，以理服人。同学们在写议论文时不妨采用下面的方法来试一试。一、结构上采用三或四段式，显得简明晰。首段先

15、写主题，然后第二部分写正方或支持方及反方或反对方的观点，尾段写自己的看法或意见，段落一定要清晰。二、套话先行。套话先行可以起到先声夺人的效果。这既能迅速博得阅卷老师的好感，又能避免过早出现无谓的错误。1、首段通常为1） Many nations/college students have been faced with the problem of 2） Recently the problem has been brought into focus.3） Recently the phenomenon has become a heated topic.4） Recently the iss

16、ue has aroused great concern among 5） Nowadays there is a growing concern over 6） Never in our history has the idea that been so popular.7） Faced with , quite a few people argue that 8） According to a recent survey, 9） With the rapid development of economy/society,10）Recently we held(have hold)a dis

17、cussion whether.11) When it comes to, (当说到)2.、第二段首句通常可以这样写：As is known to allplay(s)an important part/role in our daily life/modern society. However, different people have different opinions(背熟此句，想错都难) Some people/The majority of the students think it (is) a good idea/important/useful/convenient for

18、 somebody（根据题意改人称）to do. Others argue/claim that the opposite/reverse is true列举观点或Obviously . has both advantages and disadvantages./However，just as every coin has two sides，has its disadvantages如果是两个论据，可以采用下列模式：on one hand+1+on the other hand 2.或is one thing.is another如果是三个以上的论据，则可以简单采用以下模式：Firstly

19、,/to begin with+Secondly/furthermore,Finally/last but not the least,注意：表明各方观点时常用一般现在时态。3.结论 陈述自己观点There is probably some truth in both argumentsstatements，butAs far as Im concerned/Personally/As for me/in my opinion/Personally speaking(尽量避免使用I think).总结全文时常用到in one/a word，generally speaking，to concl

20、ude。若提出解决办法时却常使用下一句型：1） From what has been discussed above, we can draw the conclusion that 2） It is high time that strict measures were taken to stop 3）. We should take measures to 4）. Wed better take effective measures to prevent 5）. The government decided to take strong measures against 6）. Urgen

21、t measures should be taken to prevent.7） It is necessary that steps should be taken to 8） In conclusion, it is imperative that 9） There is no easy method, but might be of some help.10） To solve the above-mentioned problem, we must 11） In summary, if we continue to ignore the above-mentioned issue, m

22、ore problems will crop up.12） With the efforts of all parts concerned, the problem will be solved thoroughly.13） We might do more than identify the cause ; it is important to take actions to 14） Taking all these into account, we 15） Whether it is good or not /positive or negative, one thing is certa

23、in/clear问题解决型作文模板问题解决型模板一问题解决型模板二问题解决型模板三TOPIC With the _ of _, _. So it is of great importance for us to _. On one hand, _. On the other hand, _.TOPIC There has been a discussion recently about _. It is true to the present situation that _. But _.TOPIC Nowadays, there is a growing concern on _. It

24、is certain that _. However, _ However, we have figured out many ways to _. Firstly, _. So long as _. Secondly, _ Thirdly, _. As is known to all, there are many ways _. First of all, _. Furthermore, _. Last but not least, _ It will cause many serious results if _. Firstly, _. Secondly, _ Finally, _.

25、In fact, _.11. That is because _.12. In a word, _. So it is high time for us to _. That is because _. Secondly, _.11. Thirdly, _.12. In conclusion, _ In spite of all these, there are still many ways _. First of all, _. In addition, _.11. Thirdly, _.12. Only in this way, _.写作模板问题解决型-对某一问题/话题进行分析,找出解决

26、办法,表达自己的看法.第一段：Nowadays，we have to face a problem that(问题) /Nowadays，more and more people are concerned about the problem(问题) /It is important for us to(问题). For instance_(例一)First，_(原因一). Moreover，_(例二)Second，_(原因二) 第二段：People have figured out many ways to solve the problem/Confronted with(问题)we sh

27、ould take a series of effective measures to cope with the situationFirstly，_(解决方法一)Secondly，_(解决方法二) 第三段：1)Personally，I believe that_(我的方法)/To me，I am taking two ways to solve the problem of(问题)One of them is _(我的方法)The other way is_(方法二)By now ways have been working perfectly and efficient1y(结果) 2)

28、 In conclusion/In a word/To sum up/In summary/Obviously/Its clear that/Its no doubt that.现象解释型作文模板现象解释型模板一现象解释型模板二现象解释型模板三TOPICRecently, _.What amazes us most is _.It is true that _.TOPICAs is known to all, _._ seem to get accustomed to_.In fact, _.TOPICNowadays, _.For one thing, _.For another, _It is obvious that _.There are many reasons explaining _.The main reason is _.What is more, _.Thirdly, _.As a result, _.The reasons of _ lie in several aspects. Firstly, _. Secondly, _. Thirdly, _. Finally, _Many remarkable factors contri