蚌埠市高考英语任务型阅读训练经典题目含答案.docx

1、蚌埠市高考英语任务型阅读训练经典题目含答案蚌埠市高考英语任务型阅读训练经典题目(含答案)一、高中英语任务型阅读1请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。 Theres a contradiction in the way many of us behave online: we know were being watched all the time, and disapprove of the monitor by Google and the government. But the bounds of whats considered too pers

2、onal to be uploaded or shared online seems to shrink by the day. I complain about the lack of privacy, for example, and yet I willingly and routinely trade it for convenience. I no longer run the risk of unforeseen delays on public transport; Google Maps will inform me of the fastest route to my des

3、tination; I no longer need to remember my friends birthdays; Facebook will urge me, and invariably appeal to me to post an update to remind people I exist. All I have to do is make my location, habits and beliefs transparent to their parent companies whenever they choose to check in on me. So whats

4、going on? “Visibility is a trap,” explained the French philosopher Michel Foucault in Discipline and Punish: the Birth of the Prison(1975). Allowing oneself to be watched, and learning to watch others, is both attractive and dangerous. He took for example “Panopticon”, a prison where prisoners were

5、observed from a tower manned by an invisible occupant. The prisoners would believe in the presence of the mysterious watchman, whether or not anyone was actually inside, and behave themselves. According to Foucault, the dynamics of the Panopticon are similar to how generally people self-monitor in s

6、ociety. In the presence of ever-watching witness, people police themselves. They dont know what the observers are looking for, or what the punishments are for disobedience (不顺从). But they willingly accept and follow this invisible discipline. Foucault claimed that such monitoring is worrisome, not j

7、ust because of what companies and states might do with our data, but because the act of watching is itself a terrible exercise of power, which may influence behavior without our fully realizing it. But somethings not right here. Why does the self-display continue when we are sure that we are watched

8、 from everywhere and nowhere? Social media provides a public space that often operates more like a private one, where many people hold the belief that there they wont suffer the consequences of what they say online, as if protected by technology. Plato would be alarmed by the lack of shame online. H

9、is point about moral knowledge is this: we already know the right way to live a just and fulfilling life, but are constantly distracted(转移) from that noble aim. For him, then, shame helps us be true to ourselves and to pay attention to the moral knowledge within. A man without shame, Plato says, is

10、a slave to desire for material goods, power, fame, respect. Such desire, by its nature, cannot be satisfied.PhenomenonWhile people hate being monitored, the _of privacy is gradually becoming a more serious problem.My experienceI complain about the lack of privacy but still exchange it for convenienc

11、e.convenience* I _on Google maps for the fastest route to avoid delays on public transport.* Facebook will remind me of my friends birthdays, and appeal to me to be updated.costI must make my _information available to relevant companies.Michel Foucaults explanationsIdea: Visibility is a trap.An anal

12、ogy:* In the Panopticon, prisoners behave themselves just because they believed they were watched by an _watchman.* In real life, the way people self-monitor _the dynamics of thePanopticon. They willingly follow the invisible discipline.Worries: Our data may be _and monitoring may influence us to ch

13、ange our behavior _.Reasons for contractionThough being watched, self-display continues because some netizens think that they dont need to take _for what they say online.Conclusion*Shame is essential in leading a just and fulfilling life.*Shame helps us stay true to ourselves and focus on our _.*Sha

14、me can _us being a slave to desires for fame and fortune. 【答案】 invasion /violation /leak /lack；depend /rely /count；private /personal；invisible；resembles；abused/ misused；unconsciously；responsibility；morality /moral(s)；prevent/stop 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，我们所有网上的行为都被监视，虽然网络给我们带来了便利，但隐私的泄露却给我带来了很大的影响。很多人尽管知道自

15、己的行为被监视，却仍然在网上我行我素，认为自己的行为不会带来严重的后果，文章认为这主要是因为缺少羞耻心。 （1）考查同义转换。根据第一段中的“Theres a contradiction in the way many of us behave online: we know were being watched all the time, and disapprove of the monitor by Google and the government.”可知当我们上网的时候，我们的行为都收到了监视。我们的隐私被泄露了，而且这已经成为一个有利于严重的问题。所以本句要填名词invasion

16、/violation /leak /lack。 （2）考查同义转换。根据第二段中的“Google Maps will inform me of the fastest route to my destination”可知我依靠Google地图可以寻找到最快的路线。所以句中要填depend /rely /count。 （3）考查同义转换。根据第二段中的“All I have to do is make my location, habits and beliefs transparent to their parent companies whenever they choose to chec

17、k in on me.”可知如果我想得到便利，必须要把我的私人信息上传到相关的网站上。所以句中要填private /personal。 （4）考查原词再现。根据第三段中的“He took for example “Panopticon”, a prison where prisoners were observed from a tower manned by an invisible occupant.”可知这所监狱里的囚犯行为得体主要是因为他们一直认为有他们看不见的人在监视着他们，句中出现了原词“invisible”，所以句中要填invisible。 （5）考查同义转换。根据第四段中的“A

18、ccording to Foucault, the dynamics of the Panopticon are similar to how generally people self-monitor in society.”可知现实生活里的人和监狱里的人一样，他们都认为有看不见的人在监视着他们，所以他们的举止得体。句中使用动词resemble与原句中be similar to语义一致，句中主语是单数名词the way，所以要填resembles。 （6）考查句意理解。根据第五段“not just because of what companies and states might do w

19、ith our data”可知我们的隐私可能会被有关公司滥用，而我们自己却一点也不清楚。所以句中要填abused/ misused。 （7）考查同义转换。根据第五段最后“which may influence behavior without our fully realizing it.”可知这是在我们没有完全意识到的情况下对我们的行为会有影响。句中使用副词unconsciously替换介词短语“without our fully realizing it”，所以要填unconsciously。 （8）考查句意理解。根据倒数第二段中的“where many people hold the b

20、elief that there they wont suffer the consequences of what they say online, as if protected by technology.”可知虽然很多人知道网络行为被监视，但他们仍然认为自己不会承担不好的结果。所以句中要填responsibility。 （9）考查句意理解。根据倒数第三句“For him, then, shame helps us be true to ourselves and to pay attention to the moral knowledge within.”可知羞耻感会让人们保持真实性

21、，并关注内心的道德。句中要填名词承担focus on的宾语，所以要填morality /moral(s)。 （10）考查句意理解。根据倒数第二句“A man without shame, Plato says, is a slave to desire for material goods, power, fame, respect.”可知柏拉图认为没有羞耻感的人会成为欲望的奴隶。说明羞耻感可以阻止人们被欲望奴役。所以句中要填prevent/stop。 【点评】本题考点涉及同义转换，原词再现和句意理解等题型的考查，要求考生准确掌握所给材料内容，结合相关的词汇知识和词汇知识，写出正确的答案。2请

22、认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格里填上一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。 Asthma(哮喘) is a long-lasting breathing disease that affects millions of Americans, many of whom are children. People who get asthma will suffer from lack of breath, difficulty in breathing or coughing-which are caused by the tightening of the muscles

23、in airways. Untreated asthma can lead to poor lung function and death, but asthma can also be effectively controlled with proper treatments. Research is discovering genes that contribute to the development of asthma. This development has pointed researchers to the role of indoor and outdoor pollutio

24、n as environmental factors that contribute to the increased occurrence of asthma. The Indoor Pollution Indoor pollution has increased with the developments in building materials and in heating and air conditioning systems. In addition to poisonous gases that come from paint, other materials like dus

25、t and perfumes used in household products such as washing powder are recycled continuously through the house, winter and summer. Unlike the days before central heating or before whole-house air conditioning, these materials and chemicals cannot get out of modern homes. Most often, they cause breathi

26、ng problems in the members of the family with the least-developed autoimmune(自身免疫的) systems. Proper venting (通风) and use of environmentally-friendly building materials and carpeting can help reduce the presence of these chemicals. The Out door pollution Researchers have also established outdoor poll

27、utions role as a probable cause of asthma. Asthma has been proven to result from some fuel products. Smog and the small matters carried by it have been recognized as a factor which leads to asthma since the 19th century when London saw more and more diseases in the industrial population. Industrial

28、pollutants and other chemicals which are produced in water treatment and open treated water like that found in the swimming pools also contribute to increased cases of asthma as well as other illnesses. Those most affected by the increase of industrial and environmental pollution are children. Altho

29、ugh much has been done to control the levels of pollution in the US, there still remains much to do as it is a worldwide phenomenon. Until an international effort can be made to limit carbon emissions, the occurrence of environmental asthma will probably continue to increase.The _ between asthma and

30、 air pollutionThe _ of asthma lack of breath difficulty in breathing coughingThe possible _ ofuntreated asthma poor lung function death_ contributing to the increased asthmaIndoor pollutionIt is _ by building materials and heating and air conditioning systems._ some poisonous gases, dust and perfume

31、s worsen pollution.Some material and chemicals_ in modern homes.Outdoor pollutionSmog and the small matters carried by it cause asthma, which is proven by a(n) _ number of lung diseases in the industrial population.Industrial pollutants and other chemicals in water are_ to peoples health.79 to peoples health.ConclusionOnly when all countries join together to limit carbon emissions can people be _ rom suffering environmental asthma.【答案】 relationshiprelationconnectionassociationlink；symptoms；consequencesresultseffects；Factors；caused/ increased；Besides；re