神经外科英文词汇.docx

1、神经外科英文词汇一、神经系统解剖生理单词音标释义diaphragma sallaedafrm s:l鞍膈dorsal thalamusd:rsl lms背侧丘脑brachial plexusbrekrlplkss臂丛limbic system lmbksstm边缘系统limbic lobe lmbklob 边缘叶fasciculus gracilisfskjlsgrsls薄束gracicle nucleusgrslnjukls薄束核lateral ventricleltrlvntrkl侧脑室terochlear nucleustrklr车神经核ulnar nervelnn：rv尺神经cereb

2、rumsri:brm大脑,脑组织Cerebal arterialcirclesribrlrtrils：rkl大脑动脉环posterior cerebral arteryp：strisri:brl：rtri大脑后动脉internal cerebral veinsnt:rnlven大脑内静脉cerebral cortexk:rteks大脑皮质anteriorcerebral arteryntri(r)大脑前动脉cerebrocerebellum serbroserbelm大脑小脑middle cerebral artery midl大脑中动脉insula nsjl岛叶subthalamussble

3、ms底丘脑sacral plexus sekrlplkss骶丛third ventriclevntrkl第三脑室fourth ventricle 第四脑室ectospinal tracttektspnltrkt顶盖脊髓束pretectal areapri：tektl顶盖前区parietal lobepratllob顶叶oculomotor nucleus kjlmot动眼神经accessory nucleus of oculomotor kssrikjlmot动眼神经副核oculomotor nucleus动眼神经核lentiform nucleuslentf：m 豆状核telencephal

4、on telensefln端脑frontal lobefrntl：额叶parasympathetic nerveprsmpetk副交感神经accessory nerve kssri副神经accessory nueleus 副神经核radiculomedullaryrdkjlmdlr 根髓动脉femoral nerve femrl股神经chorda tympanik:dtmpn鼓索hippocampal formation hpkmpl海马结构parahippocampal gyrusp:r：pokmpldars海马旁回cavernous sinuskvrnssans海绵窦Substantia

5、nigrasbstnrngr黑质Red nucleus红核Rubrospinal tractrju:brspnltrkt红核脊髓束Posterior communicating arteryp:stri后交通动脉metathalamusmetlms后丘脑Posterior funiculusfju：nkjls后索Trochlear nervetrklr滑车神经Basilar sinusbslsans基底窦Basilar artery基底动脉Basal nucleibesl， zl基底核Spinal nervespanl脊神经Posterior Spinal artery脊髓后动脉Anterio

6、r Spinal artery脊髓前动脉Spinothalamic tractspanlmi:k脊髓丘脑束spinocerebellumspanosrbelm脊髓小脑Posterior spinocerebellar tractspanosrbel脊髓小脑后束Anterior spinocerebellar tract脊髓小脑前束diencephalondaensefln间脑Sympathetic trunksmptktrk交感干Sympathetic nerve交感神经Cervical plexuss:rvkl颈丛Interinalcarotid arterykrtd颈内动脉Cervical

7、 enlargementnl:rdmnt颈膨大Tibial nervetbrl胫神经paleocerebellunpeli:oserbelm旧小脑Commissural fiberskmrlfab连合纤维Association fiberssoien联络纤维Cauda equinakad马尾Vagus nervevegs迷走神经Dorsal nucleus of Vagus nerved:rsl迷走神经背核Facial nervefel面神经nucleus of Facial nerve面神经核Brain stembrenstm脑干Reticular formation of the brai

8、n stemrtkjlf：rmen脑干网状结构Cerebral spinal fluid （CSF）spanlflud脑脊液Meningeal sinusmnndrlsans脑膜窦ponspnz脑桥Cerebral arachnoid materrknd脑蛛网膜Medial lemniscusmi:dillemnsks内侧丘系Medial geniculate bodydnkjlt内侧膝状体Medial longitudinal fasciculusl：ndtu：dnlfskjls内侧纵束Internal capsulekpsul内囊Visceral motor nervevsrlmot（r)

9、内脏运动神经Temporal lobetemprl额叶Corticonuclear tractk：tknu：kli（r)皮质核束Corticospinal tractk：tkspnl皮质脊髓束Corpus callosumk：rpsk:losm胼胝体claustrumkl：strm屏状核Anterior funiculusfju：nkjls前索Vestibular nervevestbjl前庭神经Vestibulospinal tractvestbjlospanl前庭脊髓束Vestibular nuclei前庭神经核Vestibulocochlear nervevestbjlokoklrr前庭

10、蜗神经Vestibulocerebellumvestbjlosrbelm前庭小脑Commissure of fornixkmrf：nks穹窿连和thalamuslms丘脑Radial nerveredil桡神经Flocculonodular lobeflkjlondjl（r）绒球小结叶Pia materpa， pi软脑膜Trigeminal lemniscustrademnllemnsks三叉丘系Trigeminal nerve三叉神经Motor nucleus of Trigeminal nervemot(r）三叉神经运动核Mesencephalic nucleus of Trigemina

11、l nervemesensflk三叉神经中脑核Superior olivary nucleuslver上橄榄核Maxillary nervemkslr上颌神经epithalamuseplms上丘脑Ascending reticular activating system,ARASsndrtkjlktvet上行网状激动系统Hypoglossal nervehapglsl舌下神经Hypoglossal nucleus舌下神经核Glossopharyngeal nerveglsofrndrl舌咽神经Optic chiasma：ptkkazm视交叉Supraoptic nucleussju：prptk

12、视上核Optic nerve视神经Paraventricular nucleusp:rventrkjl视旁核Pineal bodypani：l松果体Projection fibersprdkn投射纤维Lateral lemniscusltrl外侧丘系Lateral funiculusfju:nkjls外侧索Lateral geniculate bodydnkjlt外侧膝状体Reticulospinal tractrtkjlspanl网状脊髓束Caudate nucleusk：det尾状核Corpus striatumk：rpsstretm纹状体Cochlear nervekklr蜗神经Coch

13、lear nuclei蜗神经核Infeiior olivary nucleusnfri（r）lver下橄榄核Mandibular nervemndbjl下颌神经hypothalamushapolms下丘脑cerebellumserbel小脑Cerebellar hemisphereserbelmhemsfr小脑半球Tonsil of cerebellumt:nsl小脑扁桃体Cerebellar nuclei小脑核Cerebellar cortexk：rteks小脑皮质vermisv：ms小脑蚓Fasciculus cuneatusfskjls楔束Cuneate nucleuskju：nt楔束核

14、neocerebellumni，serbelm新小脑Amygdaloid bodymgdld杏仁体Olfactory brain：lfktri嗅脑Olfactory nerve嗅神经Medulla oblongatamdlbl：t延髓Ophthalmic nerve眼神经Lumbar plexuslmb(r)plkss腰丛Lunbosacral enlargementlmbosekrl腰骶膨大Axillary nervekslr腋神经Saphenous nervesfi:ns隐神经Cerebral dura materdjr硬脑膜archicerebellum：rkserbelm原小脑Abdu

15、cent nervebdju:snt展神经Abducens nucleusbdju:snz展神经核Occipital lobeksptl枕叶Median nerve正中神经mesencephalonmesensefln中脑Central canalsntrlknl中央管Postcentral gyruspostsentrldars中央后回Precentral gyrusprsentrl中央前回Vertebral arteryv：tibrl椎动脉Pyramidal tractprmdl锥体束Autonomic berve：tnmk自主神经Sciatic nervesatk坐骨神经二、脑水肿、脑疝

16、、脑死亡brain edemadi:m脑水肿Intracranial pressure，ICPntrkrenrlpr颅内压ionic brain edemaa：nk离子性脑水肿Hydrocephalic brain edemahadroseflk脑积水性脑水肿Brain herniah：rni脑疝Cerebral deathd脑死亡Ischemic cerebral edemaski:mk缺血性脑水肿Osmotic brain edemazmtk渗透压性脑水肿papilledemappldi：m视乳头水肿Water channel protein,aquaporin，AQPproti：nkwp

17、rn水通道蛋白Cytotoxic brain edemasattksk细胞毒性脑水中Vasogenic brain edema血管源性脑水肿Subfalcial herniationsbfsrlh:nen大脑镰下疝Transtentorial herniation小脑幕切迹疝Upward Transtentorial herniationpwrd小脑幕切迹上升疝三、神经系统查体Proprioceptive sensationsproprrseptvsnsen本体感觉Patellar clonusptelklns髌阵挛Brudzinski sign布鲁金斯基征gaitset步态Tactile t

18、ktl触觉Cluster headache，CHklsthdek丛集性头痛Hemicrania hemkrenr偏头痛Hemicrania simplexsmpleks单纯性偏头痛Hemicrania epilepsiaeplepsr癫痫性偏头痛orientation:rinten定向力Light reflexesriflks对光反射Sweat testswt发汗试验Episodic tension headacheeps：dktnn发作性紧张性头痛reflexesriflks反射Beat-back testbit反击征试验Near reactionnr辐辏反射Combined sensati

19、onkmbandsnsen复合感觉Abdominal reflexbd:mnl腹壁反射Sensory conduction Velocity，SCVsnsrikndknvl:sti感觉神经传导速度Sensory system感觉系统Sensory aurar感觉先兆Gait of sensory ataxiatksi感觉性共济失调性步态sensory aphasiafe 感觉性失语Anal reflexenl肛门反射Gowers maneuvermnuv， -nju-高娃试验Achilles reflexkliz跟反射Heeltoshin testhiln跟膝胫反射Biceps reflexb

20、asps肱二头肌反射Triceps reflextrasps肱三头肌反射ataxiatksi共济失调Ataxic gaitstksk共济失调步态coordinationko:rdnen共济运动dysarthriads:ri：构音障碍Ankle clonuskl踝阵挛Circumduction gaitskmdkn环行步态comakom昏迷stuporstu：p(r)昏睡状态Marital history & Menstrual historymrtlmnstrul婚育史与月经史Dystrophic gaitdstrofk肌营养不良步态Muscle tonemslton肌张力Basilar ar

21、tery migraine基底动脉偏头痛Immediate recallmiditrkl即刻记忆calculationklkjlen计算力memorymmri记忆力History of past illnesslns既往史Secondary headacheseknderi继发性头痛Familial hemiplegic Migraine，FHMfmljlhempli:dkmagren家族性偏瘫性偏头痛Consensual light reflexknsenrl间接对光反射Scissors gaitszrz剪刀步态Corneal reflexk:nrl角膜反射Tension headachet

22、nn紧张性头痛Recent memoryrisnt近记忆Necktongue syndromenkt颈舌综合征Spastic gaitsspstk痉挛步态Resting tremorsresttrm静止性震颤Spastic paralysisprlss痉挛性瘫痪Giant cell arteritisdant:trats巨细胞动脉炎Kernig sign克尼格征Steppage gaitst:pd跨阈步态Supraorbital neuralgiasu：pr:btlnrld眶上神经痛Cortical spreading depressiondprn扩散性大脑皮质抑制Benign paroxysmal vertigobnanprkszmlv:rtgo良性发作性眩晕Twopoint discriminationdskrmnen两点辨别觉Romberg sign罗姆伯格征Twilight statetwalat朦胧状态Nominal aphasian:m