全国通用版版高考英语大一轮复习Unit1Alandofdiversity讲义新人教版选修8.docx

1、全国通用版版高考英语大一轮复习Unit1Alandofdiversity讲义新人教版选修8 Unit 1A land of diversity重点单词1.ministry n(政府的)部；(全体)牧师；牧师的职责2hardship n苦难；困苦3federal adj.联邦制的；联邦政府的4boom n(人口、贸易的)繁荣vi.处于经济迅速发展时期5vice n& adj.代理的；副职的6nephew n侄子；外甥7cattle n牛(总称)8luggage n行李9shave vt.& vi.刮；剃10brake n闸；刹车vi.& vt.刹(车)；用制动器减速11slip vi.滑行；滑动

2、；滑跤n滑动；滑倒12hire vt.& n租用；雇用13nowhere adv.无处；到处都无14justice n正义；公平15mourn vt.& vi.哀悼；悼念16authority n权威；权力(pl.)当局；官方17reform vt.& vi.改革；革新n改革；改造；改良18grasp vt.& n抓住；抓紧；掌握19insert vt.插入；嵌入20illustrate vt.说明；阐明illustration n说明；例证；图解21distinct adj.清晰的；明显的；明确的distinction n差别；区分；卓著22majority n大多数；大半major adj

3、.主要的vi.主修n专业minority n少数23elect vt.选择；决定做某事；选举某人election n选举；挑选；选择24racial adj.人种的；种族的race n种族；比赛25indicate vt.指出；标示；表明；暗示indication n迹象indicator n指示器；指示信号26apparent adj.显而易见的；显然的；表面上的apparently adv.显然地；显而易见地重点短语1.live_on 继续存在；继续生存2.by_means_of 用办法；借助3make_a_life 习惯于新的生活方式、工作等 4.keep_up 保持；继续5back_t

4、o_back 背靠背 6.team_up_with 与合作或一起工作7mark_out 画线；标出界线 8.take_in 包括；吸收9a_great/good_many 许多；很多 10.apply_for 申请重点句型1.介词in/of 后接what引导的宾语从句Exactly when the first people arrived in what we now know as California, no one really knows.(教材P2)Two centuries later, the Spanish had settled in most parts of South

5、 America and along the northwest coast of what we now call the United States.(教材P2)2it is likely that.很可能However, it is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago.(教材P2)3why 引导的表语从句(This is why.)This is why today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish

6、as a first or second language.(教材P2)4Its believed that.人们认为It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups, but simply a mixture of many races and cultures.(教材P3)语法要点复习名词性从句用作主语、宾语和表语What attracts people to Cali

7、fornia is its pleasant climate and relaxed lifestyle.(教材P5)However, most applicants know that they have very little chance of getting a visa.(教材P5)1majorityn大多数；大半Of the first Spanish to go to California, the majority were religious men, whose ministry was to teach the Catholic religion to the nativ

8、es.(教材P2)在首批移居加州的西班牙人中，大部分是宗教人士，他们的职责是向本地人传授天主教。(1) (2) (3) Great Britain became the first urban society in historya society in which a/the majority of people live in cities and do not farm for a living.英国成为历史上第一个都市社会一种多数人居住在城市而不以务农为生的社会。78 percent of volunteers were female, the majority of whom wer

9、e(be) between 20 and 40 years of age.78%的志愿者是女性，其中大多数年龄在20岁到40岁之间。I graduated from Beijing Normal University and majored in information management.我毕业于北京师范大学信息管理专业。The white are in the majority in Australia while the native people in the minority.在澳大利亚，白人占多数而土著人占少数。【提示】a/the majority of名词，表示“大多数”，谓语

10、动词的数与of后面的名词相一致；the majority单独作主语时，谓语动词用单复数均可。2electvt.选择；决定(做某事)；选举某人By the time California elected to become the thirtyfirst federal state of the USA in 1850, it was already a multicultural society.(教材P2)到1850年加利福尼亚成为美联邦第31个州的时候，它已经是一个有着多种文化的社会了。(1)elect(2)election n选举Purchasers can elect to_pay(p

11、ay) in monthly installments. 购买者可选择逐月分期付款。She was the Minister of Education before he was_elected(elect) President last year.在他去年当选总统之前，她是教育部长。During his election(elect) campaign he promised to put the economy back on its feet.在竞选活动期间，他承诺要重振经济。3occurvi.发生；出现It didnt occur to me that thered be a big

12、festival on at the same time as my holiday.(教材P5)我没想到我度假的同时那里刚好要庆祝一个盛大的节日。某人突然想起 The possibility that Carolina might be wrong never occurred to her.卡罗莱娜压根没想过自己可能会错。I was going along the street looking for a place to park when the accident occurred(occur)我正沿街寻找停车的地方时，那起事故发生了。It occurred to her that s

13、he should adopt the homeless child.她突然觉得她应该收养这个无家可归的孩子。4indicatevt.指出；标示；表明；暗示Try to use the expressions above to indicate that you are listening carefully to your partner.(教材P7)试着用上面的表达表明你在认真聆听同伴的讲述。(1) (2)indication n表示；显示；迹象As is_indicated(indicate) in the survey, more and more people choose to t

14、ravel abroad.调查显示，越来越多的人选择出国旅游。There are clear indications(indicate) that the global economy is improving.有明显的迹象显示全球经济正在改善。1by means of用办法；借助Scientists believe that these settlers crossed the Bering Strait in the Arctic to America by means of a land bridge which existed in prehistoric times.(教材P2)科学

15、家们认为这些定居者是通过史前时期曾经存在的大陆桥穿越北极地区的白令海峡到达美洲的。by this means用这种方法by any means 无论如何by no means决不，一点也不(放在句首时，句子部分倒装)by all means务必，不惜一切地；(用于交际英语表示同意)当然可以/没问题a means of communication一种通讯/交流工具Every possible means has_been_tried(try), but none worked.All possible means have_been_tried(try), but none worked.各种可能的办法都尝试了，但没有一种奏效。She could not speak, but made her wishes known by means of signs.她不会说话，但她用手势表达了她的愿望。By no means was he satisfied(satisfy) wi