英语四级翻译训练.docx

1、英语四级翻译训练1. If you want to _(取得成就或实现雄心壮志)，you must work hard，make efforts and get prepared.2. The successful person _(总是作好充分准备)to meet opportunities as they duly arrive.3. _ (唯一需要做的是) a continuous supply of the basic necessities of life.4. No other reproduction in any form is permitted _ (未经出版社书面同意).

2、5. The environmental effect of this new factory _(完全可以从周围的田地和河流看出来).6. This is yet _ (两国人民的又一个共同点).7. His scientific works _(在英语国家得到广泛阅读).8. Revolution means the emancipation of the productive forces，_(改革也是解放生产力).9. He is optimistic _(对现时信息产业的发展状况).10. Work in all fields should be subordinated to an

3、d _(服务于经济发展的进程).11. Henry has prepared a party for his girlfriend，_(结果却被告之她到时候不能来了).12. The identical twins resemble each other_(长相相似但性格不同).13. I would rather join you in research work_(而不愿到海滨去度假).14. Long before children are able to speak or understand a language，they can communicate with adults _(

4、通过面部表情和靠发出噪声).15. Although I liked the appearance of the house，_(真正让我决定买下它的)was the beautiful view through the window. 1.【答案】achieve something or fulfill your ambitions本题考查短语搭配。“取得成就”可以有这样的表达：make achievements或achieve something，前者“成就”作名词，后者作动词。“实现雄心壮志”中“实现”可选用realize，fulfill，此外makecome true，carryout

5、也有实现梦想/理想之意。2.【答案】always makes adequate preparations“作准备”的表达有：Preparefor; make preparations for“充分的”可选形容词有：enough，sufficient，adequate，而well-prepared多在句中充当表语成分，如：His counsel was well-prepared.他的律师做了充分准备。3.【答案】All that is needed is此句不要受汉语思维的影响用only来翻译，“唯一要做的”，其实是“你所需要做的一切”。4.【答案】without written permis

6、sion from the publishing house介词短语：without written permission表示“未经允许”;written permission表示“(书面)允许”;the publishing house表示“出版社”。5.【答案】is most clearly observable in the surrounding field and riveris most clearly observable表示“完全可以看出来”，句型The effect ofisobservable.表示“的效果是可以看出的”;surrounding field and rive

7、r表示“周围的田野和河6.【答案】another common point between the people of our two countries本题通过增补介词使译文的意思更完整。虽然原文没有和between相对应的词，但是“共同点”是两国人民之间在某方面进行比较的结果，所以增补between之后，符合英语表达习惯。增词法也是汉译英中常用技巧之一。7.【答案】were widely read in English-speaking countries这句话易被错译为were widely read in English countries。原文中“英语国家”的含义是“讲英语的国家”。

8、又如：我卖掉了彩电。I sold out my color TV.这句译文错误在于，没弄清“彩电”的含义。其有两层意思：一是指具体的实物，即彩色电视机color TV set;二是指屏幕上出现的影像，即彩色电视color TV。这都体现了英汉表达差异。8.【答案】and so does reform考点有二：考查词性转移。原文中“解放”用作动词，“生产力”作宾语。译文中处理成名词短语“对生产力的解放”。考查省译法。我们不能把原文译成and reform also means the emancipation of the productive forces，这种结构显得累赘。为避免重复，可选用

9、and so does来代替这个动宾结构。9.【答案】about the present development of information industry“对表示乐观”可以用句型be optimistic about sth.。这句话不能译成about the status of the present development of information industry。“状况”是一个范畴词，没有实际含义，可省略不译。10.【答案】serve the economic development“服务于”即“为服务”，所以要用serve sb./sth.的结构，不能译成be served

10、 to。“进程”也是一个范畴词，可以省略不译。另外，be subordinated to是一个固定结构，含义是“从属于隶属于”。11本题考查对“only+不定式”结构的掌握。此结构相当于一个结果状语，意为“结果却”，表示事情的发展与预料相反。如：He rushed all the way to the station only to miss the train.他一路奔跑赶到车站，可是车已经开走了。12.【答案】in appearance but not in characterin appearance表示“外表”，往往包括衣着，而looks 复数形式表示容貌，单数形式则表示“表情、神色”

11、，尤指高兴时的表情;in character表示“性格”。13.【答案】than go on holiday to the seaside虚拟语气：than go on holiday表示“不如”，其结构为：主语+would rather+动词谓语+than+动词原形，表示“宁可”、“与其不如(做)，不愿”。on holiday表示“度假”。seaside表示“海滨”。14.【答案】through facial expressions and by making noises本题要注意介词的选择。同样是表示方法途径，前后的介词选择却有不同，考生要注意比较和记忆。15.【答案】what real

12、ly made me decide to buy it本题考查对what引导的主语从句的掌握。根据句子结构，前半句是although引导的让步状语从句，而主句中只有系表结构，缺少主语，故需要翻译的部分应该是一个主语（二） 1. _(不论演奏过多少回)，the works of Beethoven always attract large audiences.2. When you get men into that state of anger, _(他们很容易出麻烦).3. _(尽管我很崇拜他是个作家), I dont like him as a man.4. His eyes were r

13、eading books_(脑子却在胡思乱想).5. Only in this way _(我们才能在毕业之后很快适应社会6. _ (他真正希望得到的东西) is encouragement from his parents and teachers.7. It was advised that _(在居民区设立更多的流动商店).8. Why didnt you tell me you could lend me the money? I_ (本来不必从银行借钱的).9. _(正是由于她太没有经验) that she does not know how to deal with the sit

14、uation.10.I_(将在做实验) from three to five this afternoon.11. _(不管观众中的一些人如何使劲地难为他), the comedian always had a quick, sharp reply.12. It is not yet known _(机器人是否有一天能拥有象人一样的视力).13. His remarks left me _(想知道他的真实目的).14. If you had_ (听从了我的劝告，你就不会陷入麻烦).15. The government was accused _(没能实现其改善城市交通状况的承诺).1.【答案】

15、No matter how frequently performed考查no matter how“无论如何”引导的状语从句。2.【答案】they are apt to make troublebe apt to表示“易于做某事”，指人的机体或精神上的固有的或习惯的倾向等;make trouble表示“惹麻烦”。3.【答案】Much as I admire him as a writer让步状语从句：much as表示“尽管”，as 引导的让步状语从句，其主要结构为：形容词/副词/名词+ as/though + 主语+ 谓语，much表示程度;admire him as a writer译为“

16、崇拜他是作家”。4.【答案】while his mind was wanderingwhile表示“却”;mind was wandering表示“胡思乱想”。5.【答案】can we adapt(ourselves)to the society quickly after we graduate本题考查对倒装句、adapt的用法以及after引导的时间状语从句的掌握。only引起的状语位于句首时，句子须部分倒装。本题中要将情态动词can提前。adapt作“适应”解时常用于adapt(oneself)to sth.的结构。 6.【答案】What he really hopes for本题考查主

17、语从句。例如：What matters to us is how to make our campus life meaningful and fruitful.对我们来说，重要的是如何让我们的校园生活有意义、有收获。7.【答案】more mobile shops(should)be set up in the residential area表示“建议、命令、要求、想法”的动词所接的主语从句通常用“(that)sb.(should)do”的虚拟形式。8.【答案】neednt have borrowed it from the bank本题考查虚拟语气的用法，neednt have done的

18、结构是“本不必这样做而做了”的意思。9.【答案】It is because she is too inexperienced没有经验可以用一个形容词来翻译，即inexperienced。10.【答案】will be doing/conducting the experiment本题考查将来时态的用法，“做实验”既可用do experiment也可用conduct experiment11.【答案】However hard some people in the audience tried to upset him表示为难，此处用upset，当然我们也可以用made sb.in a diffic

19、ult position，或embarrass sb.。12.【答案】whether/if robots will one day have vision as good as human visionwhether/if引导后置的主语从句13.【答案】wondering about his real purposeleave sb.doing 让继续处于某种状态;leave sb.to do sth.让某人干某事14.【答案】followed my advice, you would not be in trouble now.虚拟语气在if 引导的条件句中的用法。从句：if + 主语+ 动

20、词的过去式(be 用were)+ 主句：主语+ would(should, could, might)+ 动词原形+ 15.【答案】of failure to fulfill its promise to improve urban traffic conditions/of failing to fulfill its promise to improve urban traffic conditions本题考查对accuse的用法及短语fulfill ones promise to的掌握。Accuse“指责、控告”常用于accuse sb.of sth./doing sth.的结构，所以w

21、as accused of之后用failure和failing都可以。“实现的承诺”用fulfill ones promise to表示，to后接动词原形。1. This substance _(反应速度是另外那种物质的三倍).2. Be quick, _(否则等我们到达教堂时婚礼就结束了).3. The war went on for years, _(夺去了成千上万人的生命).4. (无论理由是什么)，we cannot tolerate this disloyalty.5. The population of elderly people is increasing rapidly be

22、cause people are living longer than before_ (发达国家尤为如此).1.【答案】reacts three times as fast as the other one本题考查倍数的表达方式。倍数表达法有三种：A倍数+原级B 倍数+比较级C倍数+名词短语。例如：和的三倍一样长可以译为：A.three times as long as B.twice longer than C.three times the length of2.【答案】or the wedding will have finished by the time we get to the

23、 church将来完成时。3.【答案】killing thousands upon thousands of people分词作结果状语。4.【答案】Whatever be the reasons for itwhatever“无论是什么”引导的状语从句。5.【答案】especially in developed countries“发达国家”和“发展中国家”的表达方式分别为developed country, developing country。6. _(让世界发展如此之快的)is the modern science and technology.7. A student must tr

24、easure his time and _(吸收尽可能多的知识)to lay a solid foundation for his future career.8. For students eager to be useful to society, _(没有任何地方的教育比大学里的更好了) -studying there is like bathing yourself in the oceans of knowledge.9. As for Williams, _(他宁愿死也不愿意做这件事).10. Only under special circumstances, _(学生才被准许提前

25、毕业).6.【答案】What makes the world develop so fast根据句子各部分语法功能判断，我们在这里需要的是一个主语，因此必须将需填入部分译成what引导的主语从句，全句意思为：什么让世界发展如此之快是现代科技。7.【答案】absorb as much knowledge as he can本句意为：学生应该珍惜宝贵时间并吸收尽可能多的知识以便为将来事业打下坚实的基础。“吸收”可选用absorb，drink in，take in.“尽可能多的”译为as many as或as much as，具体要看句中名词是可数还是不可数。lay a foundation for

26、表示“为打下基础”。8.【答案】nowhere is education better than in college“没有任何地方”译成“nowhere”，但nowhere是一个表示否定的词，后面要采取部分倒装的形式，所以把is置于主语education之前。9.【答案】he would sooner die than do such a thing主语+would sooner+动词原形+than+动词原形表示“两者比较宁愿做，也不愿意做另一件”，强调意愿。该句型还有另外一种形式：Sooner than +动词原形，(主句)主语+would+动词原形。主要是用于强调所比的对象，主句虽然放在

27、后面，但不用倒装。10.【答案】are students permitted to graduate in advance句首是Only +介词短语，后面应用倒装句式，属于部分倒装，系动词+主语+其他;are permitted to示“被允许做”;in advance表示“提前”。11. It has been proved that_ (我们的肤色取决于遗传).12. A lot of people nowadays have muscular problems in the neck, the shoulders and the back _ (主要是由于工作中的压力和紧张造成的).13

28、. More than 3 million children have health insurance now, and _ (超过 250 万的家庭已经摆脱贫困).14. _ (除主席之外的所有成员都投票赞成我的建议)to set up a branch office in the suburbs.15. The emergence of e-commerce and the fast-growing Internet economy are _ (为中国的国内外11.【答案】the color of our skin is due to hereditythe color of our

29、skin表示“肤色”;due to表示“取决于”;heredity表示“遗传”，特指生物遗传;heritage 使用最广泛，不仅指一般的遗产，也指世代相传的具有特色的精神财富或物质财富;inheritance 指继承这一行为，不指继承的东西，为抽象名词。12.【答案】mainly due to stress and tension in their workstress做名词时，意思偏于精神方面的压力;请注意以下词的区别：pressure偏于物理方面的压力;tension指紧张，nervousness指神经过敏;“由于”的表达有owing to，due to，thanks to，on acco

30、unt of等。13.【答案】more than two and a half million families have been lifted out of poverty这题主要是对较大数字以及“摆脱”的翻译考查。250万译为2.5million或two and a half million都可以;另外“摆脱”也有多种表达：get rid of，lift out等，或简单地用out表达。14.【答案】All the members except the Chairman voted for my proposal本题要注意vote to 和vote for的区别，vote to是指支持某人，投票给某人，而vote for不单指投票，并是赞成某人。for有赞成的意味，另反对