Lesson 6 阅读理解 人教版英语暑假语法专题教案七升八.docx

1、Lesson 6 阅读理解 人教版英语暑假语法专题教案七升八Lesson 6阅读理解【内容提要】阅读理解【知识要点回硕】1. 选择型阅读 (阅读理解)考查内容细节理解推理判断词义猜测数字计算主旨大意标题归纳解题步骤1.通读全文,了解文章大意2.审读问题,带着问题找答案3.复读文章,检查答案正确性解题方法略读法抓住段落首句和关键词,快速阅读全文。适用于主旨大意题跳读法在阅读中,有意识地跳过一些无关紧要的句段或篇章,抓住关键性材料解题细读法在对全文有整体印象的前提下,进行深入细致的阅读,从而了解各段落的主要意思和文章细节推读法针对一些简单的问题,在阅读全文的某一部分的基础上,结合所获得的阅读内容,

2、凭借自己的经验和了解去推测,解决问题2. 补全短文方法与技巧1. 设空段尾通常是结论、概括性语句,与上文是转折对比或排比关系,或者所选答案能引出下一段的内容。2. 设空段中 与后文是并列、转折或因果关系。需要着重研读空前后的句子,锁定关键词,选出答案。3. 设空段首段首设空通常有两种情况: (1) 通常是段落的主题句。 需要阅读后文的内容,找出关键词,推断出主题句。 (2) 段落间的过渡句。需要瞻前顾后找提示,结合上下两段的内容,选出能将两段内容连贯起来的答案。3. 完成表格(1) 标题归纳题要求补表格的表头(总结文章的标题)。方法与技巧1. 关注核心及高频词汇:在阅读文章时,要注意文章中反复

3、出现或强调的信息,寻找与文章大多数内容相关的信息,找出覆盖全文的核心词汇,看所填内容是否符合文章的中心论题,也就是所填内容与作者的写作目的是否一致。2. 根据主题句提炼标题:标题对文章的主题具有概括性。因此,寻找文章的主题句是解答标题归纳题的核心。 主题句通常在文章首段,但是也可能在文章的末段或者分散在文章的各个段落中。如果每个段落都有主题句,那么把各段落的主题句的中心思想集中起来,即为全文的主题句。(2) 细节理解题(关键信息定位法)(3) 同义转换题(4) 推理判断题特别提醒此类题要求考生对文章中某一细节或作者的意图作出合埋的判断和推理,也就是要运用逻辑推理能力推断出蕴含在文章中却没有明说

4、的事实及暗示的含义。【知识点拨】阅读理解解题技巧翻译句子: 解答此类题一定要结合上下文翻译,翻译过程中要注意句子中固定的句型、词语搭配、代词的指代对象,切记不要逐词翻译。解题步骤: 第一,分析句子结构; 第二,找准句子主干; 第三,确定附属部分; 第四,适当增减词语; 第五,考虑中外文化差异。命题角度1: 依据事实 把握细节理解三类细节理解题以及解题技巧1.直接信息题: 此类试题选项多采用原文中的信息直接进行考查, 不需要进行推断, 可以直接在文中找到与答案相关的信息。解题技巧: 此类题目宜采用题干定位法, 即先看文章后面的问题, 找出题干中的关键词, 如人物, 时间、事件等。根据关键词定位到

5、原文, 仔细比较所给选项与文中内容的区别, 找到与原文相符的选项, 确定正确答案。2.间接信息题: 此类试题选项中不出现原文中的直接信息, 需要对原文信息进行转换, 再进行进一步的推理确定答案。解题技巧: 此类题目宜采用语义转换法, 即采用同义转换、概念解析或归纳事实等方式进行变换。如题干将原文中的词语换成另外的同义词语或转换词性或结构等进行阐述。这时需要找到题干中的关键词, 定位到原文中, 运用以上方法仔细斟酌选项与内容的区别, 确定最终答案。3.正误判断题: 此类试题多是根据文章细节判断所给的选项的正误。解题技巧: 在解答时要带着每个选项回到原文中, 看看他们之间的吻合性。这类题目头绪繁杂

6、, 一定要避免急躁心理。命题角度2: 品鉴信息 合理推理判断1.推理判断题常见的十一种提问方式1. The writer/ author/ passage implies/ suggests that .2. It can be inferred from the passage that .3. Which of the following can be concluded from this passage?4. What does the author conclude about?5. The passage is intended to .6. The first paragraph

7、 of this passage is to .7. How does the author seem to feel about this issue?8. From the passage, we can learn/ conclude that .9. Which of the following might happen later?10. The passage may be a/an .11. Which of the following is TRUE/ NOT TRUE?2. 推理判断四大解题技巧技巧1: 抓住特定关键信息进行正向或逆向推理技巧2: 利用作者的思想感情进行推断

8、技巧3: 根据上下文的逻辑关系得出结论技巧4: 结合常识进行推断命题角度3: 利用已知 轻松猜测词义 1.词义猜测的六种常见提问方式 1. The underlined word in the second paragraph refers to (means) . 2. By saying that in the first paragraph, the author means that . 3. In paragraph, can be replaced by .4. The meaning of . in paragraph is related to .5. Which of the

9、 following has the closest meaning to (paragraph)?6. The underlined sentence in the paragraph probably means that .2. 词义猜测题六大解题方式 技巧1. 巧用构词法 技巧2. 试用定义法 技巧3. 妙用阐述法 技巧4. 精用举例法 技巧5. 善用语境法 技巧6. 慎用常识法命题角度4: 关注数字 准确数字计算1. 数字计算题常见的考查内容及特点 (1) 考查内容: 此类题目通常考查时间的长短、年龄的大小、数量的多少等； (2) 考查特点: 该题需要进行简单的运算才能完成试题给的任

10、务, 文章中之杰出现的数字通常是干扰项； 该题往往涉及多出信息, 这就要求学生出出刘鑫、不遗巨细, 方能解答正确。2.数字计算题两大解题方式 技巧1: 筛选数字 技巧2: 简单运算命题角度5: 浏览全文 归纳主旨大意1. 三种命题方式: 命题方式1: 主题性(main idea) 题干设置形式: (1) Whats the main idea / point of the passage?(2) The passage is mainly about .(3) Whats the topic of the passage?(4) The main/ general idea of the pa

11、ssage is about .命题方式2: 标题型(title) 常见的设问形式: (1) The best title for the passage is .(2) Whats the best title of the passage?(3)Which of the following can be the best title for the text?命题方式3: 目的性(purpose) 常见的设问形式: (1) Whats the purpose of the passage? (2) The writer tries to tell us .解题技巧: 技巧1: 细读主题句,

12、 锁定文章主旨 技巧2: 归纳各段大意, 概括中心思想 技巧3: 巧妙排除干扰性【试题研究】一、单项选择题(A) 1. Its in Harbin in winter. We can make snowmen together.A. snowy B. sunny C. windy(B) 2. - Is the man heavy?- No. He is a little .A. tall B. thin C. short(A) 3. - Please turn off the radio. Grandma now.- OK, Ill do it right now.A. is sleeping

13、 B. will sleep C. sleeps(A) 4. - What does your English teacher look like?- She is tall and long hair.A. has B. takes C. cuts(C) 5. - Your bag very nice. - Thank you.A. sees B. watches C. looks(B) 6. My brother doesnt like reading, but my sister .A. do B. does C. is(C) 7. - does your new friend look

14、 like?- He is tall with short blond hair and big blue eyes.A. How B. Who C. What(B) 8. Tom his father and his father very young.A. looks like; looks like B. looks like; looks C. looks; looks(A) 9. Sam, I call your sister but she doesnt answer. Could you tell her to ?A. call me back B. call her back

15、C. call him up(C) 10. - Do you want to go to the with me this afternoon?- Why not? I like movies!A. bank B. restaurant C. cinema(B) 11. - Where is the ? I want to swim because its too hot.- Turn left. You can see it.A. library B. swimming pool C. old peoples home(C) 12. - Does your mom go every day?

16、- Yes. She in the supermarket now.A. shopping; shopping B. shopping; shops C. shopping; is shopping(B) 13. They about a movie. Lets join them.A. are saying B. are talking C. are telling(B) 14. - What your mother ?- She is a teacher. She is good with the kids.A. does; does B. does; do C. is; doing(A)

17、 15. - Are you at school? - Yes. .A. Im playing tennis with my friendsB. I like playing tennis with my brother C. I dont like P.E二、阅读下面短文,根据短文内容判断句子的正误。正确的填A,错误的填B。Mr. Smith goes to the town to see his son Tom. Tom is studying music in a school there. He tells his father he does well and his father

18、is very happy. That evening, Mr. Smith buys two tickets for a concert(音乐会). They get there after dinner. They are sitting in the hall and listening to the musicians playing. The music is beautiful and Mr. Smith enjoys it very much. But he finds his son doesnt like it at all. Mr. Smith wants to know

19、something about Tom. So he asks, Do you know the music? Yeah, answers Tom. And whats the musician playing now? Mr. Smith asks. Tom doesnt know how to answer it. He thinks hard and then says, .the piano.(B) 1. Mr. Smith goes to the town to study music.(B) 2. Tom knows much about music.(B) 3. They are

20、 listening a violin concert.(A) 4. The music is beautiful.(A) 5. Mr. Smith enjoys the music very much.三、阅读理解。 阅读下面短文,从各题的A、B、C三个选项中选择正确答案。AToday is Sunday. Students dont need to go to school. Its nine oclock in the morning, but Larry is still lying in bed. At the same time, his father is cleaning th

21、e garden; his mother is washing the clothes and his sister is doing her homework. Everyone is busy. Get up, Larry, says his mother, Go to the garden to help your dad. Larry doesnt want to get up at all, but his mother asks him to help his father. Just then he finds a math book in his backpack. He ta

22、kes it out of the backpack and reads, Three times five is fifteen. Three times six is eighteen.Larrys mother doesnt see him come out of the bedroom. So she comes to Larrys room and hears him reading. She is very angry about Larry. She asks, What are you reading, Larry? I dont know. Arent you reading

23、? Yes, I am, the boy answers, but Im not listening!(B) 1. How many people are there in Larrys family?A. Three. B. Four. C. Five.(C) 2. Where does Larry put his math book?A. In his bedroom. B. In his school. C. In his backpack.(C) 3. What is Larrys sister doing?A. Cleaning the garden. B. Washing the

24、clothes. C. Doing her homework.(A) 4. What does the underlined word times mean in Chinese?A. 乘以 B. 除以 C. 平方(B) 5. We can know that .A. students have a test on Sunday B. Larry is a lazy boy C. Larrys mother is satisfied(满意) with LarryBWe have twenty minutes rest between classes. Look! Most of us are

25、playing during the rest time. Some students are on the playground. They are having a basketball game. Oh! A boy is running with a ball. And another is trying (尽力) to stop him. They are so cool. And there are some girls watching the game. Some students are in the classroom. They are talking. A few of

26、 them are reading or doing homework. Look! A girl is looking at the birds in a tree in front of the classroom. She must be thinking of something interesting because she is smiling.What are the teachers doing? Do you know? Some of them are working in the office, and some are talking with students. Ev

27、eryone is busy with his or her things. Busy but happy!(C) 1. Where are some students having a game?A. In the classroom. B. In front of the classroom. C. On the playground.(A) 2. A girl is looking at the birds, and she is .A. happy B. busy C. interesting(A) 3. What are the teachers doing?A. They are

28、working or talking with students. B. They are having a basketball game.C. They are playing with the students.(B) 4. There are students in the classroom.A. no B. some C. few(C) 5. The passage is mainly about .A. students B. a basketball game C. activities in the free time四、完成对话。 在对话的空格中填上适当的单词,使对话完整正

29、确。一空一词(含缩写词)。A: Hi, Lucy! This is Timmy.B: Hello, Timmy! 1 Lucy here.A: 2 are you? We are waiting for you.B: Im at home. Whats the 3 now?A: Its around 7 oclock.B: Oh, dear! Im sorry. Im 4 .A: Everyone is here. We are 5 a good time.B: What are you 6 ?A: Karen and Steve are dancing. Henry is 7 a baske

30、tball game on TV. In the living room, Julia and Mrs. White are sitting and 8 about their favorite movies.B: What 9 Nancy?A: Shes making fruit salad in the kitchen.B: OK. I have to 10 now. I will bring some food to you.A: Great. See you then.B: See you.1.Its2.Where3.time4.late5.having6.doing7.playing8.talking9.about10.go五、短文填空。选出10个单词,并用其正确形式填写在相应位置上,使短文意思正确、通顺(毎词限用一次)。and bad before delicious dish drink help host miss s