诺贝尔数学奖及获得者总汇.docx

1、诺贝尔数学奖及获得者总汇“诺贝尔数学奖“及获得者总汇“诺贝尔”数学奖及获得者总汇 费尔兹(J.Fields)奖和沃尔夫(R.Wolf)奖是著名的两项世界性数学大奖，由于诺贝尔奖没设数学奖，因此也有人将费尔兹奖和沃尔夫奖誉为数学中的”诺贝尔奖”。 费尔兹奖于1932年第9届国际数学家大会时设立，1936年首次颁奖。该奖每,年评选颁发一次，每次获奖者不超过,人，每人可获得一枚纯金制成的奖章和1500美元奖金。虽然这与诺贝尔奖上百万美元的奖金比起来显得有些微不足道，但费尔兹奖70年来在各国数学家心中的“含金量”却一点不比诺贝尔奖低。奖章上面有希腊数学家阿基米德的头像，并且用拉丁文镌刻上“超越人类极限

2、，做宇宙主人”的格言。费尔兹奖专门用于奖励40岁以下的年轻数学家的杰出成就，这项奖为纪念加拿大数学家约翰?费尔兹而以他的名字命名。费尔兹于1924年主持第,届国际数学家大会时，曾设想利用大会结余的经费设立一项基金，用于鼓励青年数学家。1932年他去世前又捐赠一部分财产，加上第,届大会的结余作为基金，设立一项“不署国名、团体名和个人名的”奖金。1932年第,届国际数学家大会正式决定设立费尔兹奖，获奖者经由国际数学家联合会执委会选定的,人评委会评选，在国际数学家大会上颁奖。 沃尔夫(Wolf)奖于1976年由德国出生的犹太人发明家里卡多?沃尔夫(Ricardo Wolf)在以色列设立，1978年首

3、次颁奖。沃尔夫奖是具有极高学术声望的多学科国际学术奖项，授奖学科为物理学、数学、化学、医学和农学，1981年增设艺术奖。沃尔夫奖具有integrated energy, chemicals and textile Yibin city, are the three core pillars of the industry. In 2014, the wuliangye brand value to 73.58 billion yuan, the citys liquor industry slip to stabilise. Promoting deep development of inte

4、grated energy, advanced equipment manufacturing industry, changning district, shale gas production capacity reached 277 million cubic metres, built the countrys first independent high-yield wells and pipelines in the first section, the lead in factory production and supply to the population. 2.1-3 G

5、DP growth figure 2.1-4 Yibin, Yibin city, Yibin city, fiscal revenue growth 2.1.4 topography terrain overall is Southwest, North-Eastern State. Low mountains and hills in the city landscape as the main ridge-and-Valley, pingba small fragmented nature picture for water and the second land of the seve

6、n hills. 236 meters to 2000 meters above sea level in the city, low mountain, 46.6% hills 45.3%, pingba only 8.1%. 2.1.5 development of Yibin landscapes and distinctive feature in the center of the city, with limitations, and spatial structure of typical zonal group, 2012-cities in building with an

7、area of about 76.2km2. From city-building situation, old town-the South Bank Center construction is lagging behind, disintegration of the old city is slow, optimization and upgrading, quality public service resources are still heavily concentrated in the old town together. Southbank Centre has not b

8、een formed, functions of the service area space is missing. Meanwhile, peripheral group centres service was weak and inadequate accounting for city development, suspicious pattern could not be formed. As regards transport, with the outward expansion of cities, cities have been expanding, centripetal

9、 city traffic organization has not changed, integrated energy, chemicals and textile Yibin city, are the three core pillars of the industry. In 2014, the wuliangye brand value to 73.58 billion yuan, the citys liquor industry slip to stabilise. Promoting deep development of integrated energy, advance

10、d equipment manufacturing industry, changning district, shale gas production capacity reached 277 million cubic metres, built the countrys first independent high-yield wells and pipelines in the first section, the lead in factory production and supply to the population. 2.1-3 GDP growth figure 2.1-4

11、 Yibin, Yibin city, Yibin city, fiscal revenue growth 2.1.4 topography terrain overall is Southwest, North-Eastern State. Low mountains and hills in the city landscape as the main ridge-and-Valley, pingba small fragmented nature picture for water and the second land of the seven hills. 236 meters to

12、 2000 meters above sea level in the city, low mountain, 46.6% hills 45.3%, pingba only 8.1%. 2.1.5 development of Yibin landscapes and distinctive feature in the center of the city, with limitations, and spatial structure of typical zonal group, 2012-cities in building with an area of about 76.2km2.

13、 From city-building situation, old town-the South Bank Center construction is lagging behind, disintegration of the old city is slow, optimization and upgrading, quality public service resources are still heavily concentrated in the old town together. Southbank Centre has not been formed, functions

14、of the service area space is missing. Meanwhile, peripheral group centres service was weak and inadequate accounting for city development, suspicious pattern could not be formed. As regards transport, with the outward expansion of cities, cities have been expanding, centripetal city traffic organiza

15、tion has not changed, 终身成就性质，是世界最高成就奖之一。主要奖励对推动人类科学与艺术文明做出杰出贡献的人士，奖金金额为沃尔夫基金的年息，每年颁发一次。 Fields奖获得者 获奖年份 数学家名字 国家 获奖年龄 主要成就 1936 Lars Valerian 芬兰 29 解决当儒瓦猜想，建立覆盖面理论。 AHLFORS Jesse DOUGLAS 美国 39 对普拉托极小曲面问题，做出了开创性的成果。 1950 Laurent SCHWARTZ 法国 创立了广义函数论，他将广义函数看作是35 检验函数空间的泛函。 Atle SELBERG 挪威 33 证明函数的非平凡零

16、点有正密率;用初等方法证明了素数定理。 1954 Kunihiko KODAIRA 日本 39 证明了狭义Kahler流形是代数流形，得到了小平消灭定理;还给出了紧复曲面的分类。 Jean-Pierre SERRE 法国 28 发展了纤维丛的概念，对于拓扑学的球面同伦群的计算，做出了根本意义上的推进工作。 1958 Klaus Friedrich 德国 33 建立了用有理数逼近代数数的ThueSiegelRoth定理。 ROTH Ren THOM 法国 35 构造了配边理论。最有影响的工作是奇点理论方面的文章。 1962 Lars HRMANDER 瑞典 32 对线性偏微分算子论，变系数线性P

17、DE解的存在性，伪微分算子理论都做出了重要贡献 John Willard 美国 32 证明了七维流形上存在着不同的微分结MILNOR 构，从而导致了微分拓扑的诞生。 1966 Michael Francis 英国 37 证明了指标定理，这个定理揭示了分析学, ATIYAH 代数学和拓扑学之间的联系。 COHEN Alexander 美国 32 运用自己创造的“力迫法”证明了连续统假设与ZF公理系统是相互独立的。 GROTHENDIECK 德国 38 创立了一整套现代代数几何抽象理论体系，在代数几何中引进了非常抽象的概型概念。 integrated energy, chemicals and t

18、extile Yibin city, are the three core pillars of the industry. In 2014, the wuliangye brand value to 73.58 billion yuan, the citys liquor industry slip to stabilise. Promoting deep development of integrated energy, advanced equipment manufacturing industry, changning district, shale gas production c

19、apacity reached 277 million cubic metres, built the countrys first independent high-yield wells and pipelines in the first section, the lead in factory production and supply to the population. 2.1-3 GDP growth figure 2.1-4 Yibin, Yibin city, Yibin city, fiscal revenue growth 2.1.4 topography terrain

20、 overall is Southwest, North-Eastern State. Low mountains and hills in the city landscape as the main ridge-and-Valley, pingba small fragmented nature picture for water and the second land of the seven hills. 236 meters to 2000 meters above sea level in the city, low mountain, 46.6% hills 45.3%, pin

21、gba only 8.1%. 2.1.5 development of Yibin landscapes and distinctive feature in the center of the city, with limitations, and spatial structure of typical zonal group, 2012-cities in building with an area of about 76.2km2. From city-building situation, old town-the South Bank Center construction is

22、lagging behind, disintegration of the old city is slow, optimization and upgrading, quality public service resources are still heavily concentrated in the old town together. Southbank Centre has not been formed, functions of the service area space is missing. Meanwhile, peripheral group centres serv

23、ice was weak and inadequate accounting for city development, suspicious pattern could not be formed. As regards transport, with the outward expansion of cities, cities have been expanding, centripetal city traffic organization has not changed, integrated energy, chemicals and textile Yibin city, are

24、 the three core pillars of the industry. In 2014, the wuliangye brand value to 73.58 billion yuan, the citys liquor industry slip to stabilise. Promoting deep development of integrated energy, advanced equipment manufacturing industry, changning district, shale gas production capacity reached 277 mi

25、llion cubic metres, built the countrys first independent high-yield wells and pipelines in the first section, the lead in factory production and supply to the population. 2.1-3 GDP growth figure 2.1-4 Yibin, Yibin city, Yibin city, fiscal revenue growth 2.1.4 topography terrain overall is Southwest,

26、 North-Eastern State. Low mountains and hills in the city landscape as the main ridge-and-Valley, pingba small fragmented nature picture for water and the second land of the seven hills. 236 meters to 2000 meters above sea level in the city, low mountain, 46.6% hills 45.3%, pingba only 8.1%. 2.1.5 d

27、evelopment of Yibin landscapes and distinctive feature in the center of the city, with limitations, and spatial structure of typical zonal group, 2012-cities in building with an area of about 76.2km2. From city-building situation, old town-the South Bank Center construction is lagging behind, disint

28、egration of the old city is slow, optimization and upgrading, quality public service resources are still heavily concentrated in the old town together. Southbank Centre has not been formed, functions of the service area space is missing. Meanwhile, peripheral group centres service was weak and inade

29、quate accounting for city development, suspicious pattern could not be formed. As regards transport, with the outward expansion of cities, cities have been expanding, centripetal city traffic organization has not changed, Stephen SMALE 美国 36 对微分拓扑中广义庞加莱猜想有重要建树，证明了四维以上的庞加莱猜想。 1970 Alan BAKER 英国 31 发展

30、了一个强有力的方法, 去估计代数数的对数组成的线性型。 Heisuke HIRONAKA 日本 39 解决了在特征零的域上的代数簇奇点的消解 Serge NOVIKOV 俄国 32 证明了微分流形有理庞特里亚金示性类的拓扑不变性。 John Griggs 美国 38 证明了有限单群的伯恩赛德(Burnside)THOMPSON 猜想，即所有的非交换单群都具有偶数阶。 1974 Enrico BOMBIERI 意大利 28 改进了数论中的大筛法，得出了邦别里中值公式，证明了哥德巴赫猜想中的(1，3)。 David Bryant 英国 37 以现代几何的观点完全改造了不变式论。MUMFORD 特别

31、是引进了向量丛的稳定性的概念。 1978 Pierre Ren 比利时 34 证明了Weil关于有限域上Zeta函数的一DELIGNE 个猜想;对带奇点复代数簇建立了上同调理论 Charles louis 美国 31 解决了Hardy空间的对偶问题;还解决了FEFFERMAN 多变元函数的球的乘子问题。 Alexandrovitch 俄国 36 解决了关于李群的离散子群的赛尔伯格猜MARGULIS 想，即, 除去一些例外, 格子群都是算术群。 Daniel G. QUILLEN 美国 38 证明了塞尔猜想(多项式环上每一个射影模必是自由模);还证明了亚当斯猜想。 1982 Alain CONN

32、ES 法国 35 在算子理论中创立了因子理论，从根本上解决了冯?诺伊曼留下的代数分类问题。 William P. 美国 36 对一般流形上叶状结构的存在、性质及其THURSTON 分类得出了普遍结果。 Shing-Tung YAU 中国 33 Calabi猜测。 1986 Simon K. DONALDSON 英国 29 发现了四维几何学中难以预料与神秘的现4象“怪异”的R空间的出现。 Gerd FALTINGS 德国 32 证明了半个多世纪没有得到解决的莫德尔(Mordell)猜想。 Michael H. 美国 35 证明了四维流形拓扑的庞加莱猜想 FREEDMAN 1990 Vladimir DRINFELD 俄国 在算术领域之内和代数几何结构上建立了模(modules)。 Vaughan F.R. JONES 美国 显示了Von Neumann代数中的子因子的分类与结点理论的一些联系。 Shigefumi MORI 日本 建立并对一种三维代数簇的分类研究，发现了新的被称为flip的变换。 integrated energy, chemicals and textile Yibin city,