人教版高中英语选修六知识点总结.docx

1、人教版高中英语选修六知识点总结选修六知识点总结I 词汇及结构1. would rather do sth 情 愿做 . would rather sb did sth 情 愿 sb 做Unit 1情愿做 .而不愿意做 ： would rather do sth than do sth= would do sth rather than do sth= prefer to do sth rather than do sth= prefer doing sth to doing sthI would rather you hadn t toldme about it yesterday.我宁愿你昨

2、天没有告诉我关于它。2.faith n. 信 任 , 信仰 be faithful to sb 忠 实 于 某 人keep faith with 忠 于 信 仰 ; 守 信have faith in 相 信 , 信 任3.As there are so many different styles of Western art , it would be impossible to describe all of them in such a short text so+adj+a(an)+( 单 数 可 数 ) (+that )so many/few +n ( 复 数 ) (+ that )

3、so much/little ( 不 可 数 ) (+that ) such+adj.+n.( 不可数 )/ n (复数 )eg.1) The book is interesting that I want to read it again.2)It was a cold day that the ice in the river was nearly two feet thick.3)It was cold a day that the ice in the river was nearly two feet thick.4)There are many mistakes in your c

4、omposition that I can t understand it.5)He has made rapid progress that he got the first in the exam.6) that Maric was able to set up new branches elsewhere. （07 陕西）A. So successful her business was B. So successful was her businessC. So her business was successful D. So was her successful business4

5、.consequently adv. 所以，因此consequent adj. 作为结果的 ,随之发生的as a consequence/result = in consequence = so as a consequence/result of = because of5 .aimwithout aim 无目的的 / 无目标的（take）aim at 瞄准，对准sb/ sth s aim is to do 的目标是 .aim at doing = aim to do 瞄准 , 力求做到 ,力争达到6.typical adj.典型的；具有代表性的； 后接 of7.evident 明白的 ,

6、明显的 (apparent) be evident to sb. 对某人来说很明显be evident in sth 在某方面很明显8.adopt 采用，收养adapt 改编，使适应9.possess 用作动词时， 不能用于进行时 。be possessed of sth 具有、拥有be possessed by 由 支配、控制in possession of sth (表主动）占有in the possession of sb（表被动） 被某人占有10.a great/ good deal 大 量 ; 大量 后可接形容词比较级a great/ good deal of 后接不可数名词1）修饰

7、可数名词： many a fewa good/great manyA great many buildings have been built along the street. a large/ big/ great/ / small number ofMany a + 单数名词More than one + 单数名词2）修饰不可数名词： mucha good/great deal ofa large amount of ( 谓语动词用单数 ) large amounts of ( 谓语动词用复数 ) 3）修饰可数和不可数名词a lot of/lots ofplenty ofa large

8、quantity of ( 谓语动词用单数 ) large quantities of ( 谓语动词用复数 ) 练习：1. the students in our school go to college in their teens. A good many B. A great many ofC. A great deal of D. A lot of2.He is better now. Don t worry about him. A.more B. a great deal ofC. a number of D.a great deal11.attempt 尝试，企图，努力attem

9、pt doing 反复尝试做attempt to do 企图做attempt to do/doing = try to do/doing make an attempt to do sth/ at doing sthat one s attempt 在 sb 尝试下12.on (the ) one hand on the other hand 一方面 另一方面13.be specific to 特有的，独特的14.in the flesh 活生生，本人，亲自15.preference - preferby preference. 首先, 最好in preference to 优先于have a

10、 preference for 偏爱16.appeal to 有吸引力，使感兴趣appeal to sb for sth. 呼吁,恳求17.reputation n. 名誉,名声live up to one s reputation 不负盛名lose one s reputation 失去盛名；win a high reputation 赢得很高的声誉句型：1.序数词 the first/the second/the last( sb.) to do 是一种常见结构，表示“最早、第二、最后做某事的人” ，其中的不定式作后置定语；如果主语和不定式之间有被动关系，不定式应使用被动结构 to be

11、done。My monitor is always the first to come to school and the last to leave.我的班长总是第一个到校、最后一个离开。To tell the truth, he was the last person to be met with by the manager.说实话，他是最后一个被经理接见的人。She was the first woman to win the gold medal in the Olympic Games.她是在奥运会上第一个获得金牌的女选手。2.It is amazing/surprising/as

12、tonishing/shocking that. .是一种常见句型， 表示 “ 令人吃惊、震惊、惊讶等 ”，其中 it 是形式主语， that 引导名词性从句作句子的真正主语。这种句型可以用 to ones amazement/surprise/astonishment/shock 这些短语作状语来改写。It is surprising that children who are seven years old dont know how to brush ones teeth.令人吃惊的是，七岁的孩子还不知道怎么刷牙To our shock, the terrorist explosion

13、caused over one hundred deaths.令我们震惊的是，这次恐怖爆炸造成了一百多人死亡。语 法 ： 虚拟语气1.虚拟语气用于条件句、其它句型中与现在事实相反时从句用过去时 (did/were) ，主句用 would/should/could/might 动词原形How nice it if I a sister like you!A was; had B would be; had had C would have been; had D would be; had【解析】 题干表达与现在事实相反的内容，根据规则选 D 项2.与过去事实相反时从句用过去完成时 (had d

14、one) ，主句用 would/should/could/might have doneWere you in time for the lecture?If I told earlier, I would have.A had been B was C were to be D should be选 A 。 由问句看出与过去事实相反，因而从句中使用过去完成时。3.与将来事实相反时，从句中可用三种形式，即动词的过去式 /should动词原形 /were to动词原形。This printer is of good quality. If it break down within the fir

15、st year, we would repair it at our expense.A would B should C could D might分析：后一句实际上使用了与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，从句中使用 should 表示“假如； 万一” fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off. A Would you be B Should you be C Could you be D Might you be【解析】 前一分句实际上使用的是虚拟语气，与将来事实相反从句中使用 If you

16、 should be fired，可以省略 if 而把 should 提前到主语之前。4.虚拟语气用于错综时间条件句：条件句和主句的动作发生的时间不一致，主句和从句的谓语要根据各自不同的时间选择适当的动词形式。5.虚拟语气用于含蓄条件句：句中没有条件从句，其内容暗含在短语或上下文中。But for the help of my English teacher, I the first prize in the English Writing Competition.A would not win B would not have won C would win D would have won

17、but for( 要不是 )引导的短语在句中作状语时，句子的谓语部分常用虚拟语气；此处表示与过去事实相反，因而使用“ would6.wish 后的宾语从句中：与现在事实相反时用 were 或动词的一般过去时；与过去事实相反时用 had过去分词；与将来事实相反时用 would/could/might 动词原形。How I wish every family a large house with a beautiful garden!A has B had C will have D had had7.在 sugges，t order ，insist，demand ，require，desire，

18、command，request，recommend等表示建议、命令、要求、愿望的词后面的宾语从句中；在与 suggestion， order， request， advice ， demand 等 有 关 的 表 语 从 句 、 同 位 语 从 句 中 ； 以 及 在 It be suggested/ordered/requested/ insisted /desired/required that.句型中用“ (should)动词原形 ”。The doctor recommended that you swim after eating a large meal.A wouldnt B co

19、uldnt C neednt D shouldntrecommend 表示 “建议 ”时，其后的宾语从句中的谓语用 “should 动词原形 ”， should 可省略。. His suggestion is that the harvest in before the rainy season comes.A get B should get C be got D will be gotsuggestion 之后的 that 从句是表语从句，其中谓语用“ should动词原形” ， should 省略。8.在 Its (high) time that. .句型中，谓语动词用 过去时或 sho

20、uld动词原形 (should 不能省略)，表示“早就该 ”Its no use envying others their success. Its time that you hard. A must work B were to work C work D workedIts time that. 句型中使用动词的一般过去时9.as if/as though( 好像，似乎 )之后的方式状语从句中； if only 句型表示 “要是 多好啊 ” 中，与现在事实相反时动词用一般过去时；与过去事实相反时用 had过去分词；与将来事 实相反时用 should/would/could/might 动

21、词原形。When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it .A breaks B has broken C were broken D had been brokenUnit 2词汇和结构：1.convey v. 传达；运送convey .to. 把 运到convey .to sb. 向某人传达 /表达 (思想、感情等 ) convey ones feelings 表达感情2.transform v. 转化；转换；改造；变换transform.into 把某人 /物改变成transform .from 从 中转变、转化

22、3.appropriate adj. 适当的；正当的be appropriate to/for. 对 适合；适宜It is appropriate/proper that. (should) do. 是合适的be suitable for/to. 适合的；适宜的be fit for. 适合；胜任注意 appropriate 指适合于特殊的人及场合、地位等； suitable 指适合某种情况或安排； fit指大小适合或胜任某职位； appropriate 等 于 very proper 。4. exchange n /v. 交换；交流；调换；兑换 exchange sth. for sth. 拿

23、 交换 exchange sth. with sb. 与某人交换某物 in exchange for. 交换；调换5.sponsor n. 赞助人；主办者；倡议者 v. 发起；举办；倡议；赞助6.take it/things easy 轻松；不紧张；从容take ones time 别着急，慢慢来take sb./sth. seriously 认真对待某人 / 事 take.for granted 对 想当然，认为 理所当然7.run out of 用完，用尽 （人作主语，不用于被动）run out 被用完，耗尽 （ 物 作 主 语 ） give out( 物)用完，耗尽； (人)筋疲力尽；

24、use up 用完；用光 ,（可以用于被动）8. be made up of 由 构成，组成 make up 组成；编造；化妆 make up for 弥补9.try out 测试；试验let out 发出；放走；泄露；加宽；加大衣服句型1. This is why. 这就是 的原因。 (强调结果 ) This is because. 这是因为 。 (强调原因 )The reason why.is/was that.( 的原因是 )一般用 that 引导表语从句，而不用because 。单项填空(1)He didnt go by bike with me. Thats there was so

25、mething wrong with his bike.A because B why C how D when A2.with 的 复合结构 (见全程设计 P22)语法：it 用法与强调句1.用作形式主语，代替由不定式、动名词或各种从句所表示的真正主语。 worries me the way he keeps changing his mind. A This B That C What D It【解析】 it 代替后面的名词短语 the way. 作形式主语。2.作形式宾语，代指不定式、动名词或从句所表示的真正宾语He didnt make clear when and where the

26、 meeting would be held. A this B that C it D these【解析】 it 代替后面的 when and where 从句作形式宾语。The chairman thought necessary to invite Professor Smith to speak at the meeting.A that B it C this D him【解析】 it 代替后面的不定式作形式宾语。3.表示“喜欢、恨”等心理方面的动词，后面接 it ，然后再跟从句 ，it 代指从句所表达的内容。此类动词有 hate ， dislike ， enjoy ， apprec

27、iate 等。Id appreciate if you would like to teach me how to use the computer.A that B it C this D you【解析】 it 代指后面的 if 从句所表达的内容。4.it 用来指代上文提到的事物、情况等Being a parent is not always easy, and being the parent of a child with special needs often carries with extra stress.A it B them C one D him【解析】 it 代 指 be

28、ing the parent of a child with special needs 这一意义。5.强调句的基本句型： It is /was 被强调部分 that 从句。 被强调部分是人时可用who/whom 代替 that ，强调时间、地点、原因状语时，通常只使用 that ，而不使用 when ， where ， why 。被强调的部分一般是主语、宾语、各种状语。It was along the Mississippi River Mark Twain spent much of his childhood. A how B which C that D where【解析】 分析句子结

29、构看出，题干使用的是强调句型，因而使用连词 that 。6.强调句的复杂结构形式： 强调句用于 not.until 结构： It is/was not until. that 其他部分。强调句用于一般疑问句： Is/Was 被强调部分 that 其他部分。强调句用于特殊疑问句： 被强调的通常是疑问代词或疑问副词， 其强调结构是： 疑问词 (被强调部分 ) is/was it that 其他部分？It was not until midnight they reached the camp site.A that B when C while D as【解析】 句中强调了时间状语 not unt

30、il ，连词使用 that 。7.判断是否是强调句是， 可把 It is / was that 去掉， 剩余部分在不增减任何词的情况下还是一个完整的句子，那么这种句子是强调句。It was in the street that I met her father.In the street I met her father.It was because she was ill that they didn atsk her to do the job.Because she was ill, they didn atsk her to do the job.Unit 3词汇：1.abuse n

31、/v. 滥用；虐待drug abuse 吸 毒be badly abused 被虐待abuse of power 滥用权力2. stress n. 压力；重音 v. 加压力于；使紧张 lay/put/place stress on 把重点放在 上 ； 强 调 under the stress of 为 所迫stress the importance of 强调 的重要性单项填空Things can easily go wrong when people are under . A stress B weight C load D strength3.ban v. 禁止；取缔 n. 禁 令be