初中英语语法顺口溜+专项练习.docx

1、初中英语语法顺口溜+专项练习初中英语语法顺口溜+专项练习题1. 英语的词类句子要由词组成，英语词类有十种：句中成分用实词，名、代、动、副、数、形容；冠、介、连词和感叹，虚词附加或沟通。词类功能掌握了，造句之时好运用。2. 语序歌主、谓、宾、表同汉语，定语有同也有异。状语位置更特殊，不能全和汉语比。3. 肯定句变一般疑问句have和be提句首，其它助词Do开头。时间、人称由do变，动词只把原形留。谓语助词有几个，第一助词提句首。4. 肯定句变否定句否定句中加not，放在be和have后。其它要加动词do，do的后面加not，时间、人称由do变，动词原形总保留。谓语若是助词多，not紧跟第一个。5

2、. 名词的所有格名词只变数，不分主宾格。人和动物类，可变所有格。撇()后加s，相当汉语“的”。时间、距离等，也变所有格。6. 名词变复数单数变为复数式，加上“s”统言之。下列结尾名词后，要加“s”先加“e”：发音ts和z，或是辅音加“o”时。有些名词变复数，词尾变化要注意：“y”前字母是辅音，一律变“y”为“ie”；遇到“f / fe”，有时需要变“ve”少数名词不规则，特别情况靠硬记。7. 时间名词前所有介词的速记年月周前要用 in，日子前面却不行。遇到几号要用“on”，上午下午又是“in”。要说某日上下午，用 on 换 in 才能行。午夜黄昏用 at，黎明用它也不错。at 也在时分前，说“

3、差”用 to，说“过”要用 past。8. 介词用法歌介词加宾语，才能有实意。表、定、状、宾、补，词组在句里。9. 介词顺口溜in 在里，out 在外，在旁边的是 beside，靠近的为 by。on 在上，under 在下，above 在上头，below 在底下。10. be的用法歌动词be，变化大，“I”用“am”“You”用“are”，Is用于它(it)、他(he)、她(she)复数一定要用“are”，切莫用错闹笑话。11. 动词的时态四种时间各四式，联想对比便于记。时间现在和过去，各自还有将来时。一般、完成、进行式，完成进行是四式。四四共有十六种，看来复杂掌握易；除去have / be以

4、外，动词变化有规律。12. 动词形式的变化动词根本是原形，变化形式有四种：原形词尾加“s”，现在第三单人称；过去原形加“ed”，过去分词也相同；原形加上“ing”，现在分词或动名。原形词尾加“s”，如同名词复数式。若加“ed / ing”，以下情况要注意：词尾有 ie 只加 d，Ing去掉无声 e ；词尾 ie 变成 y ，然后再加 ing ；辅音之后y结尾，Y要变 i 加 ed；现在分词不变y，直接加上ing；词尾重读闭音节，结尾辅音都双写，r 做结尾也一样，重读音节 r 双写；结尾字母若是“t”，不是重读也双写。过去分词过去式，不按规则也有些。13. 动词不定式不带to的动词五看(noti

5、ce，observe，see，look at，watch)，三使役(have，let，make)，二听(hear，listen to)，一感觉(feel)。按：在上述动词后做宾语补语用的不定式不带to。14. 非谓语动词动词不做谓语用，不定、分词与动名。to 加原形不定式，词组可做名、副、形。分词现在和过去，相当副词和形容。原形加上“ing”，动词具有名词性。15. 基数词变序数词(之一)基变序，有规律，词尾字母 tdd 。八减 t，九减 e，f 要把 ve 替。ty 把 y 变成 i ，记住th前有个e。 指first、second、third。 指eight去掉t，nine去掉e，five

6、和twelve去掉ve加上f。 指twentytwentieth等。16. 基数词变序数词(之二)第一、二、三要全变，其余“th”加后边，“th”里有例外，你需格外记明白：八减 t，九减 e，字母 f 代ve，ty 变 tie。 one-first，two-second，three-third。 four-fourth，seven-seventh，hundred-hundredth。 eight-eighth ，nine-ninth。 five-fifth，twelve-twelfth。 twenty-twentieth，sixty-sixtieth。17. There be的位置和用法说明何

7、时何地有，there be在主语前。随着主语第一个，be的形式做变换。18. be going的用法be going 是助动词，后跟加 to 不定式。说明“准备”或“就要”，时间人称只变 be。19. have+gothave 作为动词“有”，助动词也有have；have got 惯用语，got 可有也可无。若变否定疑问，去掉 got 再加 do；或把 have 提句首，not 加在 have 后。20. 以or结尾的词售票员班长(照)镜子，蓖麻教授(找)医生。按：有些同学常把-or结尾的词误拼为-er结尾的词。初中课本只有六个以-or结尾的词。它们是：doctor，monitor，condu

8、ctor，mirror，castor，professor。21. 以f(e)结尾的名词复数以f(e)结尾的名词，在中学课本里，出现了不少。其名词复数形式：有的直接在-f(e)后加s；有的要改-f(e)为ve再加-s；个别单词上述两种形式均可(如handkerchiefhandkerchiefs或handkerchieves)。似乎不易记住这些规则，可只要记只下面这首顺口溜，相信你就不会觉得难了。妻子持刀去宰狼，小偷吓得发了慌；躲在架后保己命，半片树叶遮目光。按：顺口溜中的黑体字是初中阶段学过的以-f(s)结尾的名词：wife(妻子)，knife(小刀)，wolf(狼)，thief(小偷)，sh

9、elf(架子)，self(自己)，life(生命)，half(一半)，leaf(树叶)。这九个词变复数时，都是改-f(e)为ve再加-s。由self构成的复合词，其变化与self相同(如myselfourselves；yourselfyourselves；himelf，herself，itselfthemselves)。初中英语语法专项练习题（附答案）一、词类练习题、可数名词与不可数名词基础题组训练（五题）1、The old man feeds four _.A. piggs B. piges C. pigs D. pig 2、Please remember to give the horse

10、 some tree_.Aleafs B. leaves C. leaf D. leave3、Would you like something to drink, _or coffee?Atea B. fruit C. bread D. meat4、Mr. White has a beautiful garden with many_ in it.A. flowers B. grass C. villages D. water5、There are seven _ in a week.A. dayes B. days C. dayies D. day拔高题组训练（十题）1、Mom, could

11、 you pass me some_? Its delicious.OK, but only a little. Abutter B. apples C. tomatoes D. sandwiches2、Whats in the cupboard?A few _, but little _.A. apples; coffee B. coffee; applesC. apple; coffees D. coffees; apples、3、He gave us _ on how to protect eyes.A. some advices B. some adviceC. an advice D

12、. a advice4、There are _ on my desk.A. three paper B. three pieces of papersC. three pieces of paper D. three papers5、A group of _ will visit the museum tomorrow.A. Englishman B. AmericanC. Australian D. Chinese6、The farmer raised ten _.A. sheeps B. deers C. horse D. cows7、Why not give Linda some _?

13、She has failed in Chinese several times.A. notice B. suggestion C. advice D. warning8、When we saw Liu Xiangs face, we knew _ was bad.A. some news B. a news C. the news D. news9、I wonder why _ are interested in action films.A. people B. peoples C. the people D. the peoples10、There is good _for you. I

14、ve found the watch.A. news B. ideas C. messages D. thoughts疑难题组训练（五题）1、I think the teenagers should try to improve their living _.A. activities B. skills C. memory D. success2、Mum, something is wrong with my teeth. I canteat anything.What about seeing a _ at once?A. designer B. dentist C. director D

15、. detective3、 Mike and his friend are going to the _ to see thenew action movie tonight.A. bookshop B. restaurant C. concert D. cinema4、They got much _ from those new books.A. ideas B. photos C. information D. stories5、We often use the mobile phone to send text _ to our friends.A. menus B. messages

16、C. advice D. warning附加答案：15 CBAAB; 110 AABCD; DCCAA15 BBDCB、代词基础题组训练（五题）1、Im talking to you, Jake. Please listen to _ carefully.A. me B. mine C. you D. yours2、Tom and I are good friends._ often help each other.A. We B. Us C. Our D. Ours3、Mr.Wang is very friendly, and _like him a lot.A. ours B. us C.

17、 our D. we4、Im going to the cinema. Would you like to go with_?A. me B. I C. my D. mine5、Dont just stand there. Do _!A. anything B. something C. everything D. nothing拔高题组训练（十题）1、There are quite a few old books on the shelf, but _ of them is useful to him.A. both B. all C. neither D. none2、I cant fin

18、d _ scarf.Theres one here. It might be _A. my, mine B. mine, myC.I, me D. me, I3、Whose shirt is this? Is it Toms?No, it isnt. _ is red.A. Mine B. Hers C. His D. Yours4、Who taught _ French?Nobody. She learned all by _. A. herself, her B. she, herselfC. her, herself D. her, she5、Its a bird._ name is H

19、appy.A. Its B. It C. Its D. His6、Without the sun, _ could grow in the world.A. anything B. something C. nothing D. everything 7、Please give the key to _.A. his B. he C. him D. mine8、There isnt _water in the cup.A. some B. little C. any D. no9、Our children can look after _ now.A. their B. themselves

20、C. themself D. them10、Whatever you do,_ is difficult if you put your heart into it.A. nothing B. anything C. something D. everything 疑难题组训练（五题）1、I hear someone_ at the door. Please go and see who_ is.A. knock, he B. knocking, heC. knock, it D. knocking, it2、Put it down, Tom . You mustnt read _ lette

21、r. A. else anyones B. anyones elseC. anyone elses D. anyone else3、His name is Jim but he calls _ James.A. his B. himself C. him D./4、Is _ here?No, Bob and Jim have asked for leave.A. anybody B. everybody C. somebody D.nobody5、Theres _ to read.A. something interesting B. interesting somethingC. somet

22、hing interested D. interested something附加答案：15 AADAB; 110 DACCC; DCCBA15 DCBBA、冠词基础题组训练（五题）1、Look! There is _ cat in the tree.A. a B. an C. the D. /2、Lily ,please open _ door.A. a B. an C. / D. the 3、My sister can play _ piano very well.A. a B. an C. the D. /4、_ old man behind Mary is _university te

23、acher.A. An, an B. A, the C. The, a D. The, an5、_Browns were having dinner when the telephone rang.A. A B. The C. An D. /拔高题组训练（十题）1、What do you usually have for _ dinner, Peter?A. a B. an C. / D. the2、People often go skating in_ winter.A. a B. an C. the D. /3、I usually go out for _ walk after _dinn

24、er.A. a, / B. /, the C. a, a D. the, a4、My father usually reads morning papers before going to_ work.A. the B. a C. an D. /5、Yesterday I caught_ bad cold and had to stay in_ bed all day. A. a, the B. /, / C. a, / D. /, the6、There is_ apple tree in my garden.A. the B. a C. an D. /7、The education of t

25、he young is always_ hot and serious topic.A. the B. a C. an D. /8、Thats _ very thing Ive been looking for.A. a B. an C. the D. /9、We saw _ elephant in the zoo._ elephant was from India.A. a, The B. the, An C. an, The D. the, A10、_ United Nations was founded in 1945. A. The B. A C. An D. /疑难题组训练（五题）1

26、、Its _ nice day, isnt it?Yes, what_ fine weather.A. a, a B. the, the C. a, / D. the, /2、We can see _ sun and _ moon in _ picture. A. a, the, the B. the, a, the C. a, the, a D. the, the, the3、We cant see _ sun at _ night.A. the, the B. the, / C. a, / D. /, /4、_ old lady with white hair _ spoke Englis

27、h well at _ meeting.A. An, an, a B. The, / an C. The, /, a D. The, /, the5、Mom, I need time to relax. Dont you know all work and no play makes Jack _ dull boy?Yes, I do. But I also know hard work leads to _ success.A. the, the B. a, the C. an, / D. a, /附加答案：15 ADCCC110 CDADC; CBCCA15 CDBDD、数词基础题组训练（

28、五题）1、There are sixty students in our class. And _ of are boys.Wow! Forty girls in your class.A. one fourth B. one third C. three quarters D. two thirds2、Although I failed four times, my father encouraged me to have a _ try.A. second B. third C. fourth D. fifth3、June_ is Childrens Day.A. the one B. first C. the ones D. one4、Now lets have _. Dont give up.A. the second try B. a second try C. second try D.