英语连词的用法和总结全.docx

1、英语连词的用法和总结全英语连词用法和总结一、概述连词是一种虚词，用于连接单词、短语、从句或句子，在句子中不单独用作句子成分。连词按其性质可分为并列连词和从属连词。并列连词用于连接并列的单词、短语、从句或句子，如and, but, or, for等；从属连词主要引出名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句等)和状语从句(时间状语从句、条件状语从句、目的状语从句等)，引出名词性从句的连词如that, whether等，引出状语从句的连词如when, because, since, if 等。二、并列连词的用法(一)、表示转折关系的并列连词。主要有 but(但是), yet(可是), while(而

2、，却)等。如：I would have written before but I have been ill. 我本该早写信的，但我生病了。I have failed, yet I shall try again. 我失败了，但我还要尝试。You like tennis, while Id rather read. 你爱打网球，但我爱看书Someone borrowed my pen, but I dont remember who. 有人借了我的钢笔，但我不记得是谁了。He said he was our friend, yet he wouldnt help us. 他说他是我们的朋友，但

3、却不肯帮助我们。but的用法举例1. 连接词或短语It was a sunny but not very warm day. 那一天天气晴朗，却不太暖和。He drives not carefully but slowly. 他开车不是很小心，而是开得很慢。2. 连接句子This isnt a good one but it will answer. 这不太好，但可以将就用。He looks honest, but actually hes a rogue. 他看起来很老实，实际他是一个坏蛋。She has had no answer to him but he gave no answer.

4、 我向他说了早上好，但他没有回应。The ice remained, but there was no water underneath. 冰还在，但下面却没有水。Mrs. Brown was about to begin, but Jennie spoke first. 布朗夫人正要开始讲话，珍妮先讲了。At first he was a little shy, but now he acts more natural. 开始时他有些腼腆但现在他表现得很自然了。There was a little trouble at first, but things were soon quiet. 起

5、初有点小麻烦后来情况就平静了。3. 用于句首But that question doesnt arise. 但没发生那个问题。But in secret she was delighted. 但她暗中感到高兴。But what else can we do? 我们还能做什么?But in the end he gave in. 但最后他还是让步了。But theres one thing we are agreed on. 但有一点大家的意见是一致的。4. 用于道歉的表达之后Sorry, but were behind schedule. 抱歉，我们落在计划后了。Im frightfully

6、sorry, but I cant see you today. 太对不起了，我今天不能见你。Excuse me, but I dont think thats quite true. 很抱歉，我认为这与事实略有出入。5. 用于notbut，表示“不是而是”Not you but I am to blame. 不是你的错而是我的错。6. 用在某些否定语后，表示“只”： He eats nothing but hamburgers. 他只吃汉堡包。She knows no one but you. 她只认识你。You have nobody but yourself to blame. 只能怪你

7、自己。No one but me saw her. 只有我看见他(from )。7. 用于next (last) but one 中，表示“隔壁再过去”“倒数第”He lives in the next house but one. 他住在隔壁再过去一家。He was the last but one to arrive. 他是倒数第二个到的。8. cant help but 不由得不You cant help but respect them. 你不由得不尊敬他们。When they gave him a ticket to the game, he couldnt help but go.

8、 他们给了他一张看球赛的票，他不由得不去。I cant help but wonder what I should do next. 我不由得不想知道下一步该怎么办。【注意】不要按汉语意思将“虽然但是”直译为althoughbut：误：Though we are poor, but we are happy. (去掉though或but中任一个)but 与 however的用法区别两者均可表示转折或对比，意为“但是”、“可是”、“然而”等，但有区别：1. 表示转折时，but 是连词。如：He is young but very experienced. 他虽年轻，但经验很丰富。He has t

9、hree daughters but no sons. 他有3 个女儿，但没有儿子。He likes sports, but his wife likes music. 他喜欢运动，而他妻子则喜欢音乐。2. however 表示“然而”、“可是”时，有的词书认为它是连词，有的词书认为它是副词。之所以将其视为副词，也许是因为像许多副词一样不仅能位于句首，而且能位于句中(注意前后使用逗号)，甚至句末 (注意其前也用逗号)。如：Later, however, he changed his mind. 可是他后来改变了主意。He hasnt arrived. He may, however, come

10、 later. 他还没有到，不过他等会儿可能会来。He said that it was so; he was mistaken, however. 他说情况如此，可是他错了。注意：以上各例中的 however 不能换成 but，但可用 but 来改写。如：He said that it was so, but he was mistaken. 他说情况如此，可他错了。3. 当连接两个句子时，其前通常应用分号，或另起新句。如：Its raining hard; however, I think we should go out. / Its raining hard. However, I t

11、hink we should go out. 雨下得很大，但我想我们还得出去。注意：上例中的 however 不能换成 but，但可用 but 来改写 (注意所用标点的变化)。如：Its raining hard, but I think we should go out.yet的用法1、yet用作连词时，与but一样也主要用于转折，意为“但是”“而”：I have failed, yet I shall try again. 我失败了，但我还要尝试。The judge was stern, yet completely fair. 法官很严峻，却完全公正。They are the same,

12、 yet not the same. 它们又一样，又不一样。It is strange, yet it is true. 那真是怪事，然而却是事实。Ive been away only for three years, yet I can hardly recognize my hometown. 我仅在外三年，可我几乎认不出我自己的故乡了。He said he was our friend, yet he wouldnt help us. 他说他是我们的朋友，但却不肯帮助我们。2、有时用在句首。如：Yet the house was cheerful. 但屋子里显得很欢快。Yet its p

13、opulation has doubled. 但它的人口翻了一番。3、yet有时可与并列连词and或but连用，构成习语and yet和but yet，意为“虽然如此”“可是”“然而”，与单独使用的yet意思相同。如：Hes not really nice-looking, and yet he has enormous charm. 他并不十分好看，可是他很有魅力。Shes a funny girl, but yet you cant help liking her. 她是一个奇怪的姑娘，但你禁不住会喜欢她。I gave him ten pounds (and) yet he was not

14、 satisfied. 我给了他十镑但他仍不满足。Shes vain and foolish, and yet people like her. 她很虚荣愚蠢，但人们却喜欢她。She drove very fast to the airport, but yet, and yet, but yet she missed the plane. 她开快车去机场，可还是误了飞机。4、根据英语习惯，although不能与连词but搭配使用，但是although可以与yet搭配连用（此时的yet可视为副词）。如：Although we are poor, yet we are happy. 尽管我们穷，

15、但我们很快活。Although we have made some progress, yet we still have a long way to go. 我们虽然取得了些进步，但还是远远不够的。连词while考点知识归纳while是大家比较熟悉的一个词，但是许多人对它的了解是不全面的，你可能只知道它表示“当的时候”，甚至可能还知道它与when, as的用法区别。但是，非常遗憾，你所知道的这些东西都是有关while用法的“基础知识”，却不是一般英语考试的“考点知识”。请看下面两道考题：1、考查表示时间的用法，其意为“当的时候”。如：We must strike while the iron

16、 is hot. 我们要趁热打铁。 Stand still while I take your photograph. 我给你拍照时站着不要动。Have we got enough books to read while we are on holiday? 假期里我们有足够的书看吗?Were there any calls for me while I was out? 我出去的时候，有人来过电话吗? She hates anyone listening while she is telephoning. 她打电话时不愿让任何人听。2、考查表示让步的用法，其意为“尽管”“虽然”。如：Whil

17、e the work was difficult, it was interesting. 虽然工作有难度，但很有趣。 While I understand what you say, I cant agree with you. 虽然我理解你的意思，但我还是不同意。While the Internet is of great help, I dont think its a good idea to spend too much time on it. 虽然因特网很有帮助，但我还是认为在其上花太多的时间不是个好主意。While we dont agree we continue to be

18、friends. 尽管我们意见不同，我们还是朋友。While I did well in class, I was a poor performer at games. 虽说我学习不错，我运动却不行。While a few became richer, many did not. 虽然一些人变得更富有了，但多数人并非如此。3、考查表示对比的用法，其意为“而”“但”。如：In some places women are expected to earn money while men work at home and raise their children. 有些地方妇女挣钱，而男子则在家里持

19、家和带孩子。I went swimming while the others played tennis. 我去游泳，而其余的人则去打网球了。Air is a fluid but not a liquid, while water is both a fluid and a liquid. 空气是流体不是液体，水是流体也是液体。Some people waste food while others havent enough. 一些人糟踏食物而另一些人却食不果腹。Some people waste food while others havent enough. 一些人糟踏食物而另一些人却食不

20、果腹。I went swimming while the others played tennis. 我去游泳，而其余的人则去打网球了。Prices are rising sharply, while incomes are lagging far behind. 物价飞涨而收入却远远落后。注意：这样用时，while引出的句子通常位于末，但有时也可位于句首。如：While most children learn to read easily, some need extra help. 大多数儿童学会阅读很容易，有一些儿童却需要特别帮助。While some languages have 30

21、 or more different vowel sounds, others have five or less. 有些语言有30个或更多的元音，而其他语言只有5个或更少的元音。While Deauville is a holiday resort, Trouville is more of a working town. 特维尔是个度假胜地，而特鲁维尔更多的却是个工业城市。4、考查其省略用法，即主句与从句主语相同，且从句谓语动词含有动词be时，通常可省略从句主语和动词be。如：While (he was) in prison, she wrote her first novel. 她在狱中

22、写出了第一部小说。 He had strayed from home while still a boy. 他小时候就离开家到处流浪了。 He fell asleep while (he was) doing his homework. 他做着做着功课就睡着了。I was only listening to the radio with half an ear, while (I was) preparing some food. 我正在做吃的东西，没太留心听收音机。(二)、表选择的并列连词主要 or (或者，还是，否则), eitheror(不是就是), neitheror(既不也不), o

23、therwise (要不然)等。如：Be careful about what you say or you may regret it. 当心你讲的话，否则你会后悔的。Either say youre sorry or else get out! 你要么道歉，要么滚开!Neither does he smoke nor does he drink. 他既不抽烟也不喝酒。Seize the chance, otherwise you will regret it. 要抓住机会，否则你会后悔的。注：neithernor连接两个句子，注意用倒装语序。or的用法归纳 1、表示选择，意为“或”“还是”

24、：Is the radio off or on? 无线电关上了还是开着的?Would you prefer tea or coffee? 你喜欢茶还是咖啡？Is he asleep or awake? 他睡着了还是醒着?Are you going to America by boat or by air? 你到美国是坐船还是坐飞机？You may go or stay, according as you decide. 是去是留由你自己决定。Are you from North China or South China? 你是华北人还是华南人?2、表示一种否定的条件，意为“否则”：Come o

25、n, or well be late. 快点，否则我们要迟到了。Hurry up, or youll be late for school. 赶快，否则你上学就要迟到了。Dress warmly, or else youll catch cold. 穿暖和点，否则你会感冒的。Be careful, or youll break that vase! 小心，否则你会把那花瓶打碎!Cross the road very carefully. Look both ways, or you might be knocked down. 过马路要非常小心，要看两边，不然会被车撞倒。 3、可表示“要不就是

26、”：He must be joking, or else hes mad. 他一定在说笑话，要不就是疯了。The book must be here, or else youve lost it. 这书一定在这儿，要不就是你丢失了。 4、用于否定句中代替and。He was not clever or good-looking. 他不聪明，也长得不好看。比较：They sang and danced. 他们既唱歌又跳舞。They didnt sing or dance. 他们既没有唱歌也没有跳舞。 5、用于习语(from )The work is more or less finished.

27、工作大体上完成了。They consist of 1700 or more tribes. 他们由1700个或更多部族构成。Theres just one or two details I want to make sure about. 还有一两个细节我想弄清楚。Either your mother or your father may come with you. 你母亲或是你父亲会陪你去。(三)、表示因果关系的并列连词。主要有 for(因为), so(因此)等。如： He shook his head, for he thought differently. 他摇了摇头，因为他有不同想法

28、。He told me to do it, so I did it. 他让我这样做，于是我就这样做了。The child had a bad cough, so his mother took him to the doctor. 这孩子咳得很利害，所以他妈妈带他去看医生。You are supposed to get rid of carelessness, for it often leads to serious errors. 你们一定要克服粗枝大叶，因为粗枝大叶常常引起严重的错误。注意：for表示结果通常不能放句首，也不能单独使用。连词for的用法 1、for用作连词，主要表示理由，

29、用于引起的分句对前面的话进行解释，常用逗号把它和前面的分句分开。如：She was angry, for she didnt know French. 她生气了，因为她不懂法语。He must be out, for there is no light in the room. 他准是出去了，因为屋里没有灯。He shook his head, for he thought differently. 他摇了摇头，因为他有不同想法。The days were short, for it was now December. 白天很短，因为这时已经是十二月。We rarely stay in hot

30、els, for we cant afford it. 我们很少住旅馆，因为我们住不起。You neednt have watered the flowers, for it is going to rain. 你本不必浇那些花，因为就要下雨了。He took the food eagerly, for he has eaten nothing since dawn. 他狼吞虎咽地吃了起来，因为他从天亮就没吃过东西。He was busy packing, for he was leaving that night. 他那时正忙着打点行李，因为那天晚上他就要走了。She does not go

31、 out in the winter, for she feels the cold a great deal. 她冬天不出门，因为他特别怕冷。 2、for表示结果通常不能放句首，也不能单独使用。for表示原因时的四个“不能” 1、for引导的从句不能位于它所解释的动词之前：Because it was wet he took a taxi. 因为下雨，他叫了一辆出租车。（这里不能用for）2、for引导的从句不能位于not, but或任何连词之后：He stole, not because he wanted the money but because he liked stealing. 他偷东西，并不是因为他想要钱，而是他有这种毛病。（这里不能用for） 3、for引导的从句不能用于回答问题：Why did you do it? 你为什么这么做? I did it because l was angry. 因为我生气才这么做的。（这里不能用for） 4、for引导的从句不能单单用来复述已讲过的话，而必须包括新