犯罪术语中英对照.docx

1、犯罪术语中英对照犯罪术语（中英对照）tax evasion 逃税 The illegal attempt by a taxpayer to avoid paying his or her taxes. 纳税人企图逃避纳税的非法行为。 例句： Bill was found guilty of tax evasion and owes the IRS over $60,000 in back taxes. 比尔被判逃税罪，他现在仍欠国内收入局六万多美元的滞纳税金。 vandalism 故意毁坏 The defacement or destruction of public or private p

2、roperty. 损坏或破坏公私财产的行为。 例句： Vandalism is a major problem in inner city schools. 故意毁坏财物的行为是市内学校的一个严重问题。 vice squad 警察缉捕队 Plain clothes policeman who work undercover to detect crime. 隐蔽调查犯罪的便衣警察。 例句： Sean has been a member of the vice squad for nine years. 西恩在缉捕队工作已经9年了。 vigilante 治安维持会 A person or gro

3、up who takes the responsibility of a law enforcement officer into their won hands. 承担执法人员维持治安责任的个人和群体。 例句： The subway vigilante in New York was in the media for weeks. 纽约地铁治安维持会几周来受到了媒体的关注。 war crime 战争犯罪 Crimes that violate the customs and laws of war. 违犯战争法律和战争习惯的犯罪。 例句： The retired officer was fo

4、und guilty of war crimes when evidence was uncovered during a recent investigation. 在最近的一次调查中发现的证据证明这位退休军官曾有战争犯罪。 white-collar crime 白领犯罪 Crimes committed by persons in businesses including expense-account padding, stealing office supplies, price-fixing, product fraud, etc. 公司职员的犯罪，包括虚报开支、偷盗办公用品、私定价

5、格、产品欺诈等。 例句： Businesses are losing millions of dollars, and products are more expensive due to white-collar crime.由于白领犯罪，企业界每年损失数百万美元，产品也因之更贵sin tax 罪孽税 Tax that is imposed on cigarettes, liquor, gambling, etc. 对香烟、精、赌博等开征的税收。 例句： Many people complain about the sin tax in Utah. 许多人抱怨犹他州过高的罪孽税。 skid

6、row 贫民街，贫民窟 A rundown section of a city characterized by drunkards living on the street. 城市的破旧区域，常见到许多酒鬼露宿街头。 例句： After his divorce, Mike became a drunk down on skid row. 离婚之后，迈克尔沦落为贫民街的酒鬼。 slush fund 贿金 Money that is used to bribe public politicians and other influential officials 用来贿赂知名政客或其他有影响力的官

7、员的资金。 例句： Lobbyists use slush fund to bribe public officials. 院外集团的说客用贿金拉拢政府官员。 statutory rape 法定强奸罪 Sexual intercourse with a female who has consented, but who is legally incapable of consent because she is underage. 与未成年女子发生的性行为，虽经其本人同意，但法律规定其尚未成年，不具备表达同意意愿的能力。 例句： What is the penalty for statutor

8、y rape? 对法定强奸罪的惩罚是什么？ suicide pact 自杀合约 An agreement between two or more persons to commit suicide together. 一起自杀的两者或多者之间的协定。 例句： The whole high school was shocked at the news of the two classmates who killed themselves in a suicide pact. 两个同班同学订立自杀合约并自杀身亡的消息使整个学校感到震惊。 suicide season 自杀季节 The Christ

9、mas season when many lonely people feel isolated and take their own lives. 指圣诞节期间，许多人孤独不堪而自杀。 例句： December is without question, the suicide season. 十二月无疑是自杀季节。police brutality 警察暴力 The act of using excessive physical force by police or other law enforcement officers. 警察或其他执法人员过多使用体罚的行为。 例句： The infa

10、mous Rodney King beating in L.A. showed the public at how rampant police brutality is. 发生在洛杉矶的不光彩的罗德尼?金毒打案向公众展示了警察暴行是多少猖狂。 police corruption 警察腐败 The misuse of police power in return for favors of gain. 警察滥用权力以换取好处和利益。 例句： The mayor is working to put an end to police corruption in this city. 市长正致力于肃

11、清本市的警察腐败。 pornoshop 色情商店 A shop or bookstore that sells pornographic materials. 出售色情物品的商店。 例句： The local pornoshop has been shut down form selling materials to minors. 当地的色情商店因向未成年人出售色情物品而被关闭。 prison break 越狱 An escape from prison involving violence by one or more prisoners. 一个或多个囚犯使用暴力从监狱逃跑。 例句： Tw

12、o guards and two inmates were killed in a prison break in Texas, yesterday. 昨天在得克萨斯州发生一起越狱案，两名卫兵和两名囚犯被杀死。 property crime 财产犯罪 Auto theft, burglary, larceny, etc. 偷汽车、入室盗窃、偷盗等。 例句： This section of town has been plagued with property crimes. 这个城区的财产犯罪很猖獗。 serial killer 系列命案的杀手，连环杀手 A murder who commit

13、s a series of killings, usually with distinct similarities in the murders. 制造多起命案的凶手，其作案手段通常有明显相似之处。 例句： Doesnt it seems a little inappropriate to put serial killers on trading cards. 将系列命案的凶手印在商业卡片上是不是有些不合适？mule 挟带毒品者，贩运私货的人 A person used to transport drugs or contraband from one place to another.

14、被用来从一地到另一地运送毒品或违禁品的人。 例句： Security officials in airports are finding an astounding number of people who are being used as mules. 机场的安检人员发现数目十分庞大的旅客充当贩运私货的人。 organized crime 集团犯罪 A term used to describe underworld societies such as the Mafia who deal in crimes such as gambling, narcotics, and prostit

15、ution. 黑手党之类的黑社会组织所进行的犯罪，如赌博、贩毒、卖淫等活动。 例句： This company is associated with an east-coast organized syndicate. 这家公司同东海岸的一个犯罪集团有联系。 parole 假释 A conditional release of an offender from confinement before the expiration of his or her sentence. The offender is usually placed under the guidance of a parol

16、e officer. 囚犯在服刑期满前有条件地释放出来，但必须置 于假释官的督导之下。 例句： The victims family is nervous that the offender is up for parole. 受害者家属很紧张，因为罪犯即将获得假释。 penitentiary 监狱，劳改所 A maximum-security facility designed to detain prisoners serving long sentences. 例句： Lee is serving his sentence down at the penitentiary. 李正在监狱服

17、刑。 perjury 伪证 The crime of willingly giving false information while under oath. 在法庭上立誓之后故意提供虚假证词的犯罪行为。 例句： If you lie while you are under oath, you can be found guilty of perjury. 如果立誓之后还撒谎，你可能被判伪证罪。 pickpocket 扒手 A thief who is skilled in stealing items from other peoples pockets. 擅于从别人口袋里偷取物品的窃贼。

18、例句： I had my wallet stolen by a pickpocket while I was on the subway. 今天乘地铁时我的钱包让扒手偷了。libel 文字诽谤 Written defamation. 以文字材料来诋毁他人名声的行为。 例句： The famous actress is suing the tabloids for libel. 这位知名的女演员正以诽谤罪起诉数家通俗小报。 Mafia 黑手党 A secret society that originated in Italy in the 860s. The Mafia now widespre

19、ad, and is focused on power and profit. 9世纪60年代起源于意大利的秘密团体。现在黑手党势力广为分布，专门从事扩张势力、牟取钱财。 例句： The “Godfather” is a story about the powerful mafia families in New York. 电影教父就是有关纽约黑手党的豪门大户的故事。 mail fraud 邮政诈骗 The using of the mail system to defraud the public. 利用邮政系统诈骗公众的行为。 例句： That mail-order company ha

20、s been convicted of mail fraud. 那家邮购公司被判有邮政诈骗罪。 manhunt 追捕 An organized search to catch a criminal or an escapee. 有组织的追踪、捉拿囚犯、逃犯。 例句： Police have organized a manhunt to capture the escaped convict. 警方组织了一次追捕以抓获那名逃犯。 mass murderer 谋杀多人的凶手 A murderer who kills many people. 多条命案的谋杀者；连环杀手。 例句： More and

21、more mass murderers are popping up in the news these days. 这些天来，新闻里不断报道谋杀多人的凶手。 money laundering 洗钱 The act of concealing the source of funds for the purpose of tax evasion and fraud. 为达到逃税和欺骗的目的而隐瞒资金来源的行为。 例句： This restaurant is just a front for money laundering. 这家餐馆仅仅是洗钱的掩护所。homicide 杀人，他杀 The ac

22、t of killing someone. 杀死他人的行为。 例句： Police are investigating the homicide of a prostitute. 警方正在调查一起妓女被杀案件。 hot wire（汽车）电启动 To electrically start a vehicle without using an ignition key. 不用点火钥匙而用电来发动汽车。 Seasoned crooks can hot wire a car in seconds. 手段高明的窃贼可在几秒钟内用电启动来发动汽车。 impulse crime 冲动犯罪 Crimes su

23、ch as shoplifting, raping, vandalizing, etc. that are done on an impulse. 在冲动之下所犯的罪行，如商店扒窃、强奸、损坏公物等。 juvenile delinquency 青少年犯罪 Criminal behavior by adolescents and children. 少年和儿童的犯罪行为。 例句： Some parents arent concerned about juvenile delinquency. 一些家长对青少年犯罪漠不关心。 labor racketeering 工会诈骗 Corrupt prac

24、tices and organized crime that involve organized labor. 涉及工会的腐败行为和团伙犯罪。 例句： The New York union leader was convicted of labor racketeering. 纽约的工会领袖被判有工会诈骗罪。 larceny 偷盗 The stealing of another persons property. 偷取别人财产的行为。 例句： Have you over been arrested for larceny? 你有偷盗被捕的经历吗？embezzlement 贪污 The ille

25、gal misappropriation of funds entrusted to ones care. 将由自己保管的资金非法据为已有。 例句： We have never had a problem with embezzlement at this bank. 我们这家银行从没发生过贪污案件。 first-degree murder 一级谋杀案 Premeditated murder. 事先策划好的谋杀。 例句： The man was changed with first-degree murder in the death of his lovers husband. 这位男子其情

26、人的丈夫死亡案中被指控犯有一级谋杀罪。 forensic medicine 法医学 The use of medicine in solving legal problems. 利用医学解决法律问题。 例句： Many crimes could not be solved without using forensic medicine. 没有法医学，很多犯罪案件无法结案。 forgery 伪造 The act of creating a document, either written or printed, with the intent to defraud. Forgery also c

27、overs counterfeiting, or producing fake signatures, works of art, etc. 以欺骗为目的而仿制手写或印刷文件的行为。伪造还包括制假钱币、仿冒签名和艺术品等。 gamble 赌博 To bet or wager money on games of chance, races, etc. 在概率类游戏或比赛中打赌或下注。 例句： Burt lost $ 000 gambling in Las Vegas over the weekend. 伯特周末在拉斯维加斯赌博输了000美元。 gang 黑帮 A group of people

28、organized to achieve some common goal. Gangs are often involved in drugs, violence, money lending, prostitution, etc. 为达到某种共同目的而组织起来的一群人。黑帮常常涉嫌毒品、暴力、高利贷和卖淫等。 例句： Gangs often have automatic weapons more powerful than the police in many large U.S. cities. 在美国的许多城市里，黑帮常配备有自动武器，其火力强于警方。 hijack 劫持 To sei

29、ze control of an airplane, boat, automobile, etc. 强行控制飞机、船只、车辆等。 例句： Terrorist just hijacked a plane to Cuba. 恐怖分子刚刚动持了一架飞往古巴的飞机。 hit-and-run 肇事逃逸 An automobile accident in which the driver fails to stop and identify himself or herself. The term “hit-and-run” may also be applied to such a driver. 指一

30、起汽车事故中，肇事司机不停车，且不亮明自己身份。该词也可以指肇事逃逸司机。 例句： I was a victim of a hit-and-run accident on Monday. 周一发生了一起肇事逃逸案，我是其中的受害者。 hold-up 持枪抢劫 The act of robbing someone at gunpoint. 持枪相威胁，抢夺他人财物的行为。 例句： There was a hold-up at the bank over on nd street. 在第二大街的银行里发生了一起抢劫案。defendant 被告 A person who has been charg

31、ed with a crime 被指控犯有罪行的人。 例句： The court found the defendant guilty of murder. 法庭判定被告犯有谋杀罪。 domestic violence 家庭暴力 Violence toward a family member, including child abuse or wife beating. 对家庭成员施加的暴力，包括虐待儿童和殴打妻子。 例句： Domestic violence is one of the most dangerous calls that a law enforcement officer has to make. 家庭暴力是执法官最难应付的案件之一。 drug abuse 吸毒 The excessive and compulsive use of drugs to the point of damaging ones health. 强迫性过量使用毒