届二轮复习 短文语法填空十大考点解题指导 学案21页word版.docx

1、届二轮复习 短文语法填空十大考点解题指导 学案21页word版2018届二轮复习 短文语法填空十大考点解答指导析考情明题型特点考查点卷别文体年份有提示词无提示词词性转化谓语动词非谓语动词比较等级名词的数代词的格冠词介词代词并列连词从句连词其他语境填词2017卷(说明文)12211/11/1/卷(说明文)321/1/111/卷(记叙文)222/1/11/1/2016卷(记叙文)212/1111/1/卷(说明文)22111/11/1卷(说明文)222/1/12/2015卷(说明文)122/11/1/11卷(说明文)313/11/1/3年统计161415262681172分析全国卷3年的考点分布可以

2、看出，语法填空具有如下特点：1文体特点近3年全国卷八套试题的语法填空主要是说明文和记叙文，材料词数均为200词左右。2017年全国卷和卷为说明文，卷为记叙文。卷主要介绍了一种低脂肪、低盐的饮食趋势及其对人们健康的影响；卷介绍了世界上第一个地下客运铁路在英国开放及其逐渐发展成现在的地铁的过程；卷介绍了Sarah Thomas在学业和诱人的职业面前所做出的选择。话题贴近考生生活，符合高中生的阅读水平，难度适中。2.命题形式短文设10个空，考查形式分为有提示词和无提示词两种，有提示词设空一般为7个，无提示词设空一般为3个。提示词多为实词，主要考查实词(名词、动词、形容词、副词)的词性转化和基本用法，

3、如动词的时态、语态、非谓语动词、主谓一致；名词的数；形容词和副词的比较等级等。无提示词多考查虚词的用法，主要考查介词、冠词和连词等。考点分布均匀，除了强调句型、倒装句、省略句和情态动词等之外，基础和重点的语法项目都考查到了。3.命题规律语法填空命题规律主要体现在：(1)从句子结构及语法形式入手考查句子常识和基础语法，语篇中的句子结构和常见的语法形式是命题重点；(2)从词汇的本义、转义和前后缀的变化入手考查词性转化，词性转化以实词中的名词、动词、形容词、副词为主。循流程找解题入口研考点通解题技法典题尝试 课前先自主完成，课堂听课才有针对性 (2017全国卷)There has been a re

4、cent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community (医学界) _61_ a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side _62_ (effect) such as overweight and heart disease the very thing the medical community w

5、as trying to fight.Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required _63_ (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt _64_(remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something.As _65_ result, people wil

6、l eat more food to try to make up for that something missing.Even _66_(bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up.Fast food _67_ (be) full of fat and salt; by _68_ (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.Having enough fat and salt in your meals

7、will reduce the urge to snack (吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be _69_ (care) not to go to extremes.Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, _70_ is not good for the health. (2017全国卷)In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world open

8、ed in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible _61_ (crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and _62_ work. It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging up the road, _63_ (lay) the track and then bu

9、ilding a strong roof over _64_ top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced.Steam engines _65_ (use) to pull the carriages and it must have been _66_ (fair) unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and

10、within six months, more than 25,000 people were using _67_ every day.Later, engineers _68_ (manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道), which became known as the Tube. This development was only possible with the _69_ (introduce) of electricpowered engines and lifts. The Central L

11、ondon Railway was one of the most _70_ (success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. It had whitepainted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public. (2016全国卷)Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asias biggest building, and fancy new hotels. But for tour

12、ists like me, pandas are its top _61_ (attract)So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the notforprofit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research. I _62_ (allow) to get up close to these cute animals at the 600acre centre. From tomorrow, I will be their UK ambassador. The tit

13、le will be _63_ (official) given to me at a ceremony in London. But my connection with pandas goes back _64_ my days on a TV show in the mid1980s, _65_ I was the first Western TV reporter _66_ (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. My ambassadorial dut

14、ies will include _67_ (introduce) British visitors to the 120plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research centre in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.On my recent visit, I held a lively threemonthold twin that had been rejected by _68_ (it) mother. The nursery team switches him every few _69_ (day) with his sister so that while one is being bottlefed, _70_ other is with mum she never suspects. (2016全国卷)In much of Asia, especially the socalled “rice bowl” cultures of China, Japan, Korea, _41_ Vietnam, food is usually eaten with chopsticks.Chopsticks are usually two long, thin pieces of woo