初中英语语法之冠词学案设计.docx

1、初中英语语法之冠词学案设计冠词（Articles ）语法梳理一.冠词的用法1.不定冠词 a a，n an 的使用不定冠词 a 用于辅音音素开头的单词前，不定冠词 an 用于元音音素开头的单词前。如：abag,an eraser。使用冠词时，应注意以下几点：（1）如果不定冠词后面第一个词以元音字母 u 开头，读音不是元音音素时，需用 a。例如：a university,a useless book,a useful language,a unit,a uniform。（2）如果不定冠词后面第一个单词是以不发音的 h 开头，而读者是以元音因素开头，则要用不定冠词 an。例如：an hour，an

2、honest boy。（3）如果不定冠词和名词之间有其他词，不定冠词的形式仍取决于它后面第一个词的词音形式。例如：an actress，a beautiful actress。2.不定冠词 a a，n an 的基本用法（1）表示人或食物的某一类（含义相当于一类事物中的任何一个）。例：A dictionary is a useful book.词典是一本有用的书。An underground train can start and stop quickly.地铁能快速启动和停止（2）用于表示数量、时间的名词前，表示“一”的意思，但数的概念没有 one 强烈。例：The plan will be

3、ready in a day or two.该计划会在一两天内准备好。（3）泛指某人或某物，但未具体说明何人，何物。例：A boy is waiting for me.一个男孩在等我。Give me a pen,please.(4)用于某些固定短语中。如：a few,a little,a lot of,a number of,just a minute,in a hurry,for a while,for a long time,a cupof,a bottle of,have a rest,have a talk,have a fever,have a good time,have(take

4、) a walk,have atoothache,take a bath,give a lesson.3.定冠词 the 的基本用法（1）指彼此都知道的人或事物。例：Open the door,please.请打开门。Go and close the window.去关上窗户。（2）特指某（些）人或某（些）物。例：The girl in red is my sister.那个穿红衣服的女孩是我的妹妹。The man over there is our English teacher.那边的那个人是我们英语老师。（3）指前面提到过的人或事物。例：Here is a picture of a mo

5、dern car factory.My father works in the factory.这是一张现代化汽车工厂的照片。我的父亲就在这家工厂里工作。（4）用于表示世界上独一无二的事物前。如：the sun,the moon,the sea,the world,the earth.（5）用于序数词，形容词最高级前和方位名词前。例：He won the first prize.他获得了一等奖The Nile is the longest river in the world.尼罗河是世界上最长的河流。The sun rises in the east.太阳从东方升起（6）用在某些形容词前，表

6、示一类人或事物，如 the rich,the sick,the new,the false（7）用于某些专有名词.如:the Great Wall,the Peoples Republic of China the United Nations the Netherlands（8）用在江河，海洋，山脉，湖泊，群岛的名词前面。the North China Plain. the Rocky Mountains the Yangtze River（9）用在乐器的名词前。如 play the piano,play the violin,play the drum（10）用于复数姓氏前表示“.的一家人

7、”。如：the Smiths（11）用在某些固定短语中。如：in the morning/(afternoon/evening),in the day,by the way,the whole,the next morning,all the year around,the other day,at the sametime二. .不用冠词（零冠词）的情况1.专有名词人名，地名，节日，月份，年份，星期和不可数名词（物质名词和抽象名词）前一般不用冠词。如：China,Sunday,January2.名词前面已有用作定语的 this，that，my，your，some，any，no 等代词作定语时

8、，不用任何冠词。The letter is from my father.这封信是我父亲寄来的。He has a book in his hand.他手里有一本书。3.在复数名词表示一类人或事物时。例：Horses are useful animals 马是有用的动物I like cakes.我喜欢蛋糕。4.在节日名词，星期，月份，季节前。例：Today is Sunday.今天是星期日Spring is the best season in the year.春天是一年中最好的季节。5.称呼前不用冠词，表示头衔和职务（只有一人担任的职务）的名词前也不用冠词。Mr wang is from A

9、ustralia.王先生是澳大利亚人。6.球类，棋类，语言，三餐，游戏名称和颜色前不加冠词。例：I like to play basketball.我喜欢打篮球We have lunch at school.我么在学校吃午餐7.在某些固定搭配和习惯用语中不用冠词。如：go to school,be in hospital,be in prison.注意下列词组的区别：in front of 与 in the front of. in hospital 与 in the hospital. a number of children 与 thenumber of children典题精析1.In

10、order to make it clear,I must go up to _ second floor and ask him _ secondtime.A.the,a B.a,the C. the,the D./,a答案：A解析： 考查冠词与序数词搭配时的用法。“the+序数词”表示“第.”;”a+序数词”表示“（第几个）再一次，又一次”，第二个空表示“再问他一次”，由“a+序数词”构成。2.Please pay attention to your spelling,youve dropped _ Nhere.A.the B.an C.a D./答案：B解析：考查不定冠词 a,an 的用

11、法区别。字母 N 虽是辅音字母，但其发音是以元音音素开头，所以此题要用 an。3._ more often you exercise every morning._ healthier youll become.A.The,the B.A,the C.The,a D.A,a答案 A解析： 考查定冠词在比较级中的用法。“the+比较级.，the+比较级”表示“越.，就越.。”4._ old man behind Mary is _ university teacher.A.An,an B.A,the C.The,a D.The,an答案 C解析 ：根据句意“Mary 身后的老人是一位大学老师”，

12、特指用 the，故排除 A。university 虽然是元音字母开头，但是辅音发音，所以用 a。此题需注意的是：特指时用 the，泛指时用a 或 an；以字母 u 开头的词，要根据其发音来判断所用冠词是 a 还是 an。5._ wounded and _ sick must be taken to _ hospital at once.A.The,the,a B./,/,the C.The,the,/ D.The,/,the答案 C解析：“the+形容词”表示“一类人”。the wounded 受伤的人；the sick 病人。take sb to hospital意为“送某人去医院治疗”，故

13、 hospital 前不加定冠词 the。巩固训练一冠词填空在句中需要的空白处填上冠词 a,an 或 the，不需要时画“/”。1. Tell me whats_ name of _English song.2. -Can you see_ river in _ picture?-Yes.-What can you see on_ river?-I see _ boat on it .3. We waited for nearly _ hour before we got _ tickets.4. _ new school year begins in _September.5. When I

14、 was ready to go to _ bed,_ telephone rang.6. I like _music of the film,not_story.7. Fish lives in_ water.8. China is one of _ largest countries in _Asia.9. Bob is _American schoolboy.10. In China traffic keeps to _right.11. We have meals three times_day.12. Mr Smith likes to have_rice for_supper.13

15、. _ Greens came to China for visit last year.14. There is going to be _English test_next week.15. I bought _interesting storybook._book cost me forty yuan.二.单项填空( ) 1.This is _ useful book._ book is my brothers.A.a;The B.an ; The C.a;An D.an; A( ) 2.- Look! There is a monkey eating_apple in the tree

16、.-En,_monkey is very cute.A.a;a B. a;the C.an;an D.an;the( ) 3.Eric is not going to Nanjing by _plane.Instead, he is taking _train.A./;a B.a;/ C.a;the D.the;a( )4.My cousin went abroad at_ age of eighteen.A.a B.an C.the D./( ) 5.- What_ heavy rain it is!-Yes,but I love _ air after it rains.It smells

17、 so fresh.A.the;a B.a;the C.the;the D. a;a( ) 6.Doing lots of listening practice is one of _ best ways of becoming _ goodlanguage learner.A. the;a B. the;a C./;a D.the;/( ) 7.-Why id you laugh just now?- Ted wanted to tell us _very funny story, but he forgot _ ending himself.A. a; an B. the; the C.

18、the; a D. a; the( ) 8.-How did you know_ news about Greenpeace, Lisa?-Well.I got it from_China Daily.A.a;the B.the;/ C.the;the D.an;a( ) 9.-How was_dinner at Mikes house?-It was great.Mikes mum is_ wonderful cook.A.a;the B.the;a C.the;the D.a;an( ) 10.If we sit by_window of the train,well have _ bet

19、ter view.A./;the B./;a C.the;a D. the;the( ) 11.-Is_red bag under the table yours, Jean?-No,I only have _yellow bag. Maybe its Julias.A.a;the B.the;a C.a;a D.the;the( ) 12.-Mary,whos_woman over there?-Shes my aunt,_English teacher.A.the;the B.a;the C.the;an D.a;an( ) 13.Mom, I like_green T-shirt .Co

20、uld you buy it for me?A.a B.an C.the D./( ) 14.-Have you seen_TV Show Where are We Going,Dad?-Yes,its_ interesting film!A.a; the B.The;an C.a;an D.the;the( ) 15.I think English is _useful language, and its also_ important language.A.an;a B.a;an C.an;the D.a;the( ) 16.Mrs Smith has _8-year-old daught

21、er who has won two national paintingprizes.A. a B.an C.the D./( ) 17.She likes playing _ piano.Her brother likes playing_basketball.A.the;a B.a;the C./;the D.the;/( ) 18.Reading can make you become_ expert and change your life.A.a B.an C./ D.the( ) 19.I want to see Tiny Times _ second time because i

22、t is quite_wonderfulmovie.A.the;a B.a;a C.the;/ D.a;/( ) 20.Tom promised to buy _MP4_ his sister.A.a;for B. the;as C.an;with D.an;for( ) 21.-How about _ talent show?- I should say it was _great success.A./;the B.a;the C.the;a D.the;/( ) 22. We can have _bluer sky if we create _ less polluted world.A

23、.a;a B.a;the C.the;a D.the;the( ) 23.Cindy is _amazing singer.She has lots of fans.A.a B.an C.the D./( ) 24.I want to go to Paris where I can learn _French language.A./ B.a C.an D.the( ) 25.There s _800-metre-long road behind _ hospital.A.an;an B.a;a C.an;the D. a;the( ) 26.We will see _ even strong

24、er China in _ near future.A.a; the B.an;the C.the;a D.an;a( ) 27.-Have you seen _pen? I left one here this morning.-I s it _ black one ? I think I saw it somewhere.A.the;the B.a;a C.the;a D.a;the( ) 28.-Are you _American or English?- English. We are workinh in Wuhu.A.a B. / C.the D.an( ) 29.“Will th

25、e charity show be _success?”I kept asking myself.A.a B.an C.the D./( )30.She has got two cats now._black and white one is called Rosie and_brown one Joseph.A.The;a B.A; the C.The;the D.A;a( ) 31.Do you know a spaceship flies at about nineteen kilometres _ second?A.the B.a C./ D.an( ) 32._ United Sta

26、tes and China are two of _biggest countries in the world.A./;the B.The;the C.The;/ D./;/( ) 33.Its not _ good idea to drive for five hours without _break.A.a;a B. the;the C.a; the D.the;a( ) 34.We can see _ full moon on the evening of August 15th every year.A.the;a B.a;a C.a;the D.the ;the( ) 35._ o

27、ld man behind Mary is _ university teacher.A.An; an B. A; the C.The;a D.The ;an( ) 36.In order to find _better job,she planned to learn _second foreign language.A.an;/ B.a;a C. an; the D.a;the( ) 37.I often have_ egg and a glass of milk for_breakfast every year.A.an;/ B.a;/ C.an;the D.a;the( ) 38.-W

28、ho s _ boy in red,do you know?- Oh.Hes_ friend of Tom.A.the;a B.an ;the C.a; the D.the ;an( ) 39.-Its _ nice day, isnt it?- Yes,what _ fine weather!A.a;a B.the;the C.a;/ D.the;/( ) 40. If you go by _train,youcan have quite a comfortable journey,but make sureyou get _ fast one.A./;/ B./;a C.the;a D.a;the参考答案：填空题：1.the the2.the the the a3.an /4./ /5./ the6.the the7.the8.the /9.an10. the11.a12./ /13.The14.an /15.an The单选：1-5 ADACB 6-10 ADBBC11-15 BCCBB 16-20 BDBBD21-25 CABAC 26-30 BBBAC31-35 BBACC 36-40 BAACB