1、东北大学数据库实验实验(一): 熟练掌握SQL语言实验目的:熟悉上机环境,创建数据库,在数据库上建立关系模式,插入数据,进行相应的查询操作。实验内容:具体包括如下三部分。一、熟悉上机环境。客户/服务器结构,数据库服务器在一台NT服务器上,同学们通过客户机(操作系统为Windows 2000)上安装的SQL Server客户端程序, 使用SQL Server数据库服务器。具体包括:1.了解SQL Server 环境。鼠标点击开始,进入“Microsoft SQL Server 企业管理器”,点击SQL Server组下的数据库服务器(服务器名称为NEUC-201S(Windows NT)), 可
2、以看到服务器上的圆形标志变为绿色,说明客户端程序已与服务器连接成功。点击服务器(NEUC-201S(Windows NT))下的数据库,可以看到服务器上已建立的数据库,你可访问你有权访问的数据库,并进行相应的操作功能。因为,数据库服务器上建有许多数据库, 每个数据库都有一些合法的用户。2.鼠标点击开始,进入“Microsoft SQL Server 查询分析器”,输入用户名和口令,进入SQL查询分析器。如:你登录的客户机为27号,那么请以用户名user27,口令为user27登录,登录后缺省连到数据库user27上,user27/user27是数据库user27的创建者,因此用户user27/
3、 user27具有在数据库user27上创建表等一切权力。3.在SQL查询分析器环境下,你就可进行SQL命令语句操作了。二、在数据库useri上创建学生选课有关关系模式,并插入相应的数据,实现有关查询。1.描述学生、课程情况的E-R图如下,请将其转化为用关系数据模型描述的关系模式2.在数据库中定义这些关系模式,并向基本表中插入如下数据:CREATE table Students(Sno char(11) primary key,Sname char(20),Sage int,sdept char(20)create table Courses(Cno char(4),Cname char(40
4、),Ccredit int,Ctime int,Cpno char(4),primary key (cno),Foreign key (Cpno) references Courses(Cno)create table SC(Sno char(11),Cno char(4),Grade int,primary key(Sno,Cno),foreign key(Sno) references Students(Sno),foreign key(Cno) references Students(Cno)insert into Students values (20123841,赵一,21,计算机)
5、insert into Students values (20123842,赵二,22,电子)insert into Students values (20123843,赵三,23,通信)insert into Students values (20123844,赵四,24,自动化)insert into Students values (20123845,赵五,25,软件)insert into Students values (20123846,赵六,26,数学)insert into Students values (20123847,赵七,27,物联网)insert into Stud
6、ents values (20123848,赵八,28,生物)insert into Students values (20123849,赵九,29,计算机)insert into Students values (20123840,赵十,20,机械)insert into Courses values (0000,数据库,4,60,null)insert into Courses values (0001,C语言,4,60,null)insert into Courses values (0002,C+语言,4,60,null)insert into Courses values (0003
7、,JAVA,4,60,null)insert into Courses values (0004,数据结构,4,60,null)insert into Courses values (0005,高数,4,60,null)insert into Courses values (0006,离散数学,4,60,null)insert into Courses values (0007,计算原理,4,60,0005)insert into Courses values (0008,算法设计,4,60,null)insert into Courses values (0009,文本,4,60,null)
8、insert into Courses values (0010,信息安全,4,60,0009)insert into SC values (20123840,0001,1)insert into SC values (20123841,0001,2)insert into SC values (20123842,0001,3)insert into SC values (20123843,0001,4)insert into SC values (20123844,0003,3)insert into SC values (20123845,0001,2)insert into SC val
9、ues (20123846,0001,1)insert into SC values (20123847,0001,2)insert into SC values (20123848,0001,3)insert into SC values (20123849,0001,4)insert into SC values (20123849,0002,3)3.插入相应的数据,试着插入重复的元组,结果如何?输入重复数据:insert into Students values (20123843,赵一,20,计算机)insert into Students values (20123843,赵一,20
10、,计算机)insert into Students values (20123843,赵一,20,计算机)insert into Students values (20123843,赵一,20,计算机)insert into Students values (20123843,赵一,20,计算机)insert into Students values (20123843,赵一,20,计算机)insert into Students values (20123843,赵一,20,计算机)insert into Students values (20123843,赵一,20,计算机)insert
11、into Students values (20123843,赵一,20,计算机)insert into Students values (20123843,赵一,20,计算机)insert into Courses values (0001,数据库,4,60,0000)insert into Courses values (0001,数据库,4,60,0000)insert into Courses values (0001,数据库,4,60,0000)insert into Courses values (0001,数据库,4,60,0000)insert into Courses val
12、ues (0001,数据库,4,60,0000)insert into Courses values (0001,数据库,4,60,0000)insert into Courses values (0001,数据库,4,60,0000)insert into Courses values (0001,数据库,4,60,0000)insert into Courses values (0001,数据库,4,60,0000)insert into Courses values (0001,数据库,4,60,0000)insert into Courses values (0001,数据库,4,60
13、,0000)insert into Courses values (0001,数据库,4,60,0000)insert into Courses values (0001,数据库,4,60,0000)insert into Courses values (0001,数据库,4,60,0000)insert into SC values (20123843,0001,3)insert into SC values (20123843,0001,3)insert into SC values (20123843,0001,3)insert into SC values (20123843,0001
14、,3)insert into SC values (20123843,0001,3)insert into SC values (20123843,0001,3)insert into SC values (20123843,0001,3)insert into SC values (20123843,0001,3)insert into SC values (20123843,0001,3)insert into SC values (20123843,0001,3)insert into SC values (20123843,0001,3)insert into SC values (2
15、0123843,0001,3)insert into SC values (20123843,0001,3)insert into SC values (20123843,0001,3)insert into SC values (20123843,0001,3)insert into SC values (20123843,0001,3)insert into SC values (20123843,0001,3)4.在已建立的关系模式之上(已插入一些数据)建立主键约束,参照约束和用户定义的约束(要求学生年龄不小于14岁,不大于35岁),如果约束不能建立,请分析原因,修改后建立上述约束。alter table Students add check(Sage=14 and Sage=18 and Sage8011.求计算机系每个学生的姓名,选修的
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