1、苏教版初三英语Unit3知识概要九上Unit3一、 重要单词用法1. 名词:mark分数 exam(=examination)考试,测试 choice选择 suggestion建议 cause原因 schoolwork课业 friendship友谊 list清单 silence安静,寂静;沉默 worry担心;令人担忧的事 method方法 dictionary字典 reply答复,回答 chemistry化学 progress进展,进步 pronunciation发音 2. 动词: deal处理 imagine想象,设想 doubt怀疑 solve解决,解答 pronounce发音 ment
2、ion提及,说起3. 形容词: mad发疯的 awake醒着的 worth值得;值钱 strict严格的,严厉的 valuable宝贵的;贵重的 worried担心的,烦恼的 4. 副词: perhaps或许,可能 hardly几乎不 aloud大声地,出声地 correctly正确地5. 代词: whom(宾格)谁6. 兼类词: but conj. &prep. 除外;只有二、 常见词组1. teenage problem 青少年问题2. be on (电器等)开着3. drive sb. mad使人受不了4. feel lonely感觉孤独5. deal with 处理,对付6. have
3、 no choice but to do除了做外别无选择 7. stay up熬夜8. work out算出。解决9. be worth doing sth. 值得做某事10. dream of/about梦想;想象11. offer me some suggestions给我提供一些建议12. allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事13. be strict with sb.对某人要求严格14. stay out呆在户外;(晚上)不回家15. achieve a balance between and 在和之间取得平衡16. according to根据17. laugh a
4、t嘲笑18. pay no attention to无视19. make progress取得进步20. go over复习,回顾21. dont mention it不客气22. be proud of为感到自豪23. keep it to yourself把它藏在心里24. be of sb s age 和同龄的25. care too much about对关注太多三、 经典句型1. Why not + do 为何不例:Why not eat less and exercise more?为何不少吃点,多锻炼呢?2. What/How about doing sth?做怎么样?例:Wha
5、t about choosing your hobby according to the time you have?根据你拥有的时间去选择你的爱好如何?3. Be worth doing sth值得做某事例:I often doubt whether it is worth spending so much time on homework.我常常怀疑是否值得花这么多时间在家庭作业上4. 动名词作主语的用法例:Learning their correct pronunciation will help you remember them.学习它们正确的发音将有助于你记住它们。5. Thank
6、 you for doing sth.谢谢你做某事。例:Thank you very much for telling me about your problems. 非常感谢你把你的问题告诉我。6. I look forward to your valuable advice.我期待着你宝贵的建议。7. Perhaps you should go over what youve learnt as often as possible.也许你应该尽可能经常地去复习你所学的知识。8. I hope you think my advice is worth taking.我希望你认为我的建议值得采
7、纳。四、 要点解析1. too much 意为太多1) 用作形容词词组,修饰不可数名词。 Too much snow2) 用作副词词组,修饰不及物动词 talk too much3) 用作名词词组 give him too muchMuch too 意为太,非常,用作副词词组,修饰形容词或副词,但不可修饰动词。 Much too hot2. Mad 1) 发疯的, go mad,发疯2) 生气的, 只能作表语,be mad at= be angry with/at, 生气3. Mark 的相关短语Be marked on 标记在上 be marked with 标记着 below the ma
8、rk 未达到标准 mark down 记下;降低4. 表示否定意义的副词:little 很少, rarely很少,barely几乎没有,seldom很少,scarcely几乎没有5. Spare 形容词,空闲的,业余的 ; 动词, 留出,匀出(时间,金钱,人手等)6. 在肯定句中,doubt 后跟的宾语从句要用if或whether 来引导;在疑问句或否定句中,要用that来引导。7. Suggestion/adviceSuggestion 意为建议,意见,比较婉转客气。特指为了改进或解决问题而提出的办法,含有“不一定正确,仅供参考”之意,是可数名词Advice,意为建议意见,着重于提意见的人比
9、对方有更多的经验或知识,应用范围比较广泛,如教师对学生的指导、医生对病人的嘱咐等,是不可数名词8. Get into trouble 遇到麻烦,陷入困境Have trouble in doing sth做某事有麻烦9. Be strict with sb. / be strict in sth.10. Work on 从事于,致力于Work at 努力改善,致力于Work in包括;把加进Work for 为效力五、 语法解析特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句 一) 宾语从句的引导词: 由连接代词 who, whom, whose, what, which 和连接副词 when, where, why,
10、 how 引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。 例如:Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for? 你知道他们在等谁吗? I cant imagine why he did that thing我不能想像他为什么做了那件事。注意: (1) 由于宾语从句要求陈述句语序,故而在从句中它变成了陈述语序。请看下列两组句子: How much does this coat cost? I want to know how much this coat costs Where did you go yesterday? Please
11、tell me where you went yesterday (2) 当疑问代词 what,who 在特殊疑问句中做主语时,该特殊疑问句本身就是陈述句语序,所以当该句 用来做宾语时,语序不需要调整。 例如:Whats wrong with you? 怎么了? He asked the girl what was wrong with her Whats the matter? 怎么了? He asked the girl what was the matter What has happened to him? We want to know what has happened to hi
12、m 二) 宾语从句的时态 1若主句为一般现在时或一般将来时,则从句的时态不限可视句子意义使用所需要的任何时态。 例如:Dont you think Jim is speaking too quick.难道你不认为吉姆讲的太快了吗? He says he will come back.他说他会回来。2若主句是祈使句,从句谓语动词也可用所需要的任何时态。 例如:Show me which picture is yours.让我看看哪张照片是你的。 Please tell us where we will go.请告诉我要去哪里。 3若主句是一般过去时,从句必须用过去时态的某一种。 例如:I kne
13、w she had swept the floor already.我知道她已经扫过地了。 He asked if I was doing my homework this time yesterday.他问我昨天这个时候是否在做作业。 4若从句叙述的是客观真理、自然现象或永恒不变的规律时,则不受主句时态的限制,仍用一般现在时。 例如:Our teacher told us light travels much faster than sound.老师告诉我们光传播的速度比声音快得多。 They knew the sun is much bigger than the earth then.他
14、们那时就知道太阳比地球大得多, He said that one and one makes two.他说一加一等于二。在英语中我们可以用多种表达方式来提出我们的建议或征求对方的意见. 不同的表达方式会带来不同的效果。 1. may. 可用来表示提出建议或征求对方的意见. 在回答may引导的疑问句时, 肯定回答 用Yes, please. 否定用No, you mustnt./ No, you cant或No, youd better not. May I take this book home to read? -No, you cant. 我可以把这本书拿回家看吗? 不可以. 2. 可以用
15、 “Lets”来提出建议或征求对方意见. Lets make it a little earlier, OK? 我们早一点吧, 好吗? Lets go and find something interesting to do. 让我们去找点有趣的事做做吧. 3. 可以用What about / How about? 来提出建议, about是介词, 后面要接名词或动词的-ing形式. What about / How about a drink?喝一杯怎么样? What / How about tomorrow? 明天怎么样? What about writing back to him ab
16、out it?要不就这事给他回一封信? 4. 可以用 “Why not?” 来提出建议, 表示 “为何不?” not 后面接动词原形. “Why not? 实际上是 “Why dont we/ you?的简略形式. Why not meet at the school gate at eight? 为何不八点的时候在校门口见面? Why dont we stay here another day? 我们为什么不在这儿再呆一天呢? 5. had better意为 “最好” 后面跟动词原形, 其否定形式是在had better 后加not, 而不要再加助动词. Youd better stay a
17、t home today. 今天你最好呆在家里. Youd better not go out at night.晚上你最好别出去. Youd better buy a better one. 你最好买个好点的. 6. 用 “Would / Could you please? 表示. 此句式中的Would / Could you please?表示建议或请求时, would / could 并非是动词的过去形式, 而是表示说话者语气比较委婉而已. Could you please go hiking with me ?和我一起去远足,好吗? 7. 可以用 “Will you?” 表示. Wil
18、l you 常表示委婉地建议或请求. Will you go to Wuhan with us? 你和我们一起去武汉好吗? Will you tell me where the nearest bookshop is? 你能告诉我离这儿最近的书店在哪里吗? 8. shall 用于第一, 第三人称疑问句, 表示征求对方的意见. Shall we go swimming this afternoon? 今天下午我们去游泳好吗? Shall I open the window and close the door? 我把窗户打开, 把门关上好吗? 9. “Dont +动词原形” 属于命令式的祈使句,
19、 表示较强烈的请求, 含有禁止的意味. Dont be late next time, please. 下次请不要再迟到了. Please dont call me Tom, Im Tim. 请不要叫我汤姆, 我叫蒂姆. 10. 可以用 Would you like?来提出建议, 意思是 “你想要吗?” would you like 后可接名词或不定式. Would you like a cup of tea? 你想要杯茶吗? Would you like to go and see her? 你想要去见她吗? 如果我们想说: “去散散步好吗?” 英语中可以用下面的几种表达法表示: 1. Sh
20、all we go for a walk? 2. What about / How about going for a walk? 3. Why not go for a walk? 4. Would you like to go for a walk? 5. Lets go for a walk. 注意: 1.以上几种表达方式只是在语气上稍有差异, 但在意思上没什么不同, 它们都表示一个提议. 2.对于上述这些疑问句的回答一般可以说: Yes, please./ OK./ All right. / Good idea. / Sure. / Certainly. / Yes, Id like/love to.
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