外研版英语八年级下册知识点Module15.docx

1、外研版英语八年级下册知识点Module15外研版英语八年级下册知识点Module 15Module 1语法：系动词:一是(be: am ,is ,are ,been ,was ,were),一觉得(feel),一好像(seem),一保持(keep) ,三变化(turn, become, get ),四起来(smell, sound ,look ,taste),后跟形容词.知识点：1.wouldlike =want , would like to do sth=want to do sth .想要做某事would like sb. to do sth .=wantsb. to do sth想要某

2、人做某事would you like .?其后用some不用any .句子:Would you like to do sth .肯定回答:Yes ,please ./sure ,thanks ./Yes ,Id like to./Yes ,Id love to否定回答:No, thanks ./Sorry ,Im afraid I cant .2.try to do sth .尽力做某事;试图做某事;设法做某事,但不一定成功.否定式:try not to do sth.try doing sth .试着做某事,看看会发生什么情况.have a try试一试3.a bit与alittle 1)两

3、者修饰动词,形容词,副词或比较级,2)a little可以直接修饰不可数名词,相当于a bit of4.have a try试试看, have a look看一看 have a headache头疼 have a rest休息have a meeting开会have a good time玩得愉快have a fever发烧5.lots of =a lot of很多,大量,常用于肯定句中.既可修饰可数相当于many ,又可修饰不可数,相当于much .a lot相当于very much ,多与动词连用,修饰形容词,副词的比较级.6.提出建议:1)Lets do sth.让我们做吧.2)How

4、about /what about doing sth ?做.怎么样3)Why not do sth ?为什么不? 4)Would you like to do?你愿意做.吗?5)Shall we do ?我们做好吗? 6)Youdbetter(not) do .你最好(不)做某事.7.Thanks for sth. =Thank youfor sth.因而感谢.后V+ing . Thanks to幸亏,由于,归功于.8.leave a message留个口信, take/have a message for sb.给某人带个口信.9.hear from sb.=get /receive al

5、etter from sb .收到的来信hear about /of得悉,听说Hear out听完 hear to同意10.cant wait to do sth .迫不及待做某事 wait for等候,后接等待的对象,名词或代词wait to do sth .等着做某事11.三到达:arrive at (小地方),arrive in (大地方),get to =reach注意:跟home,here ,there等副词时,不加介词.12.quite相当,很,相当于very,区别, quite a ./ quite an .而very只能放在a /an后13.with有,带有;和一起;使用等.反

6、义词without14.lovely:令人愉快的，可爱的修饰人或物 a lovely afternoon / girl lively:活泼的，生动的 a lively lesson:一堂生动的课16.四个花费: take: It takes sb. some timeto do sth. /It took sb .some time to do sth .Spend : Sb. spend some time/ money on sthSb. spend some time/ money (in) doing sth.Pay: Sb. pay some money forsth.cost :s

7、th cost sb .some money .17.四个也:as well肯定,句末,不用逗号too,肯定,句末,逗号可有可无. either:否定句末,also ,肯定句中,行前be后.18.proud .adj. be proud of为而感到骄傲be proud to do sth .做某事很自豪. pride.n. take pride in .为感到自豪; the pride of .的骄傲.19.How do you feel about ?对感觉如何?与How do you like ?20.at first起初,开始,常位于句首或句末,反义词.at last最后,终于firs

8、t of all ,首先,用作插入语,说明顺序,后接next ,then , at first ,指刚开始做某事的时候,暗示后来的情况有所改变.21.few /a few修饰可数名词,little /a little修饰不可数名词,有a表示有,没有a表示没有.22.way的短语:in this way用这种方式, in the right way用正确的方法, the way of做.的方式 on the way to 在去的路上 bythe way顺便说一下.23.be afraid of害怕,后接名词,代词或动名词 be afraid todo sth .害怕做某事24.each othe

9、r互相 25.be nervous about对感到紧张26.问外貌:What+do/does /did +主语+look like ?问性格:What +be +主语+like ?27.be friendly to sb.对某人友好- 28.be good at =do well in擅长,后跟doingsth .或名词。29.shake hands with sb.与某人握手 30.be good for对有好处,反义:be bad for .对.有害31.help sb. with sth .在某方面帮助某人, help sb dosth .帮助某人做某事32.make a lot of

10、 noise =makemuch noise发出很多噪音书面表达写一篇文章介绍你的网友，内容包括：1.来自于澳大利亚的悉尼；2.年龄：15岁；3.外貌：很瘦；眼睛很大；头发长且卷曲；4.性格：很友好；很外向；5.爱好：读书、上网与朋友聊天。注意：词数70左右。I have a net friend. She is from Sydney,Australia.The girl is fifteen years old. She is thin with two big eyes. She has long fairhair. She is friendly and outgoing. She a

11、lways has a big smile on her face. Shelikes reading and chatting on the Internet with her friends. She said that readingmade her grow up as a person. I feel very happy when I chat with her. I like mynet friend very much. I hope I can go to Sydneyto see her one day.Module 2语法：现在完成时：表过去发生或已经完成的某一动作，对现

12、在造成的影响和结果，或持续到现在的动作。常用词语already, yet ,ever ,never, just ,before, for+ some time ,since，1.表示某人的经历以及过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，或结果，常与recently, ever, never, already, yet ,just,before连用；2.表示发生在过去并且一直持续到现在的动作或状态，常与for+时间段或since+时间点连用。结构：have(has)+过去分词，动词的过去式及过去分词在末尾加ed规则是:1.直接加ed ; 2.以e结尾的,加e ; 3.以辅音字母加y结尾的,变y为i ,再

13、加ed ;4.重读,末尾辅元辅,双写这个辅音字母,再加ed ;5,不规则变化知识点：1.enter参加,加入;进入,相当于join或go into2 .maybe=perhaps大概,也许.放句首.3.win ,后接war,match ,game; beat打败,击败,后跟人.打败某人,赢得比赛4.ever用于疑问句时,其答语如果表示否定,用never回答.5.before以前.从过去起的若干时间以前,距过去某时以前,常和完成时连用ago ,从现在起的若干时间以前跟今以前,常用于过去时态中6.go on a holiday .去度假,强调动作. be on aholiday也表示去度假,强调状

14、态.7.afford买得起,付得起,常与can ,could ,be able to连用.8.stop doing sth.停止做某事(正在做的事不做了.)不做.stop to do sth .停下来(正在做的事)去做某事(另一件事)要做9.what a pity /Thats a pity .多遗憾啊.10.think of想起,起出,认为 think about思考,考虑两者区别:1)当表示”想起,想出”时,两者可以互换 2)当thinkof表示”认为”时,不能用think about3)当think about表示”思考,研究”时,不能用think of .11.thanks for =

15、 thank youfor+名词或动词ing因而感谢你 Thank you for helping me.13.invite sb. to do sth.邀请某人做某事 invite sb. to someplace邀请某人去某地.14.at the moment此刻,现在,常与一般现在时或现在进行时连用.at that moment在那时,常与一般过去时连用.15.one of +形容词最高级+名词复数,最的之一,动词用三单形式.16.send sth .to do sth =sendsb. sth把某物寄给某人.17.5. the +姓氏s :一家人，夫妇,其作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。

16、 The Smithsarehaving dinner now.18. 1）havebeen to some place去过某地(已回) ,后接once ,twice ,three ,times等表次数的词(短语)也可与just ,never ,ever ,连用,但不能与时间连用2）have gone to到某地去了,(去了未回).3）have been in已经在某地待了多长时间,常与一段时间连用.19.on ,in at时间表达的用法:on用于具休的某一天,及对早中晚进行了修饰后也用on ;in用于年月季节,一段时间,以及单独的早中晚,如:in the morning ,in the af

17、ternoon ,in theevening ,at用于具体的时刻,几点,及一些固定搭配.20.ancient ,古老的,古代的,反义词:modern ,现在的,当代的21.be different from ,与不同,其反义:the same as .与一样.22. find it +形容词to do sth.发现做某事是的.23.mix up混淆,拌和,调和 mix with和.混合24.ask sb. to do sth .要求某人做某事 ask sb. not to do sth .要求某人不做某事25.ask sb. about sth .询问某人关于某事 ask sb. forst

18、h .向某人要某物ask for help寻求帮助 26.count down倒数,倒计时27.sth happened to sb .某人发生了某事. sb. happen to do sth .碰巧做某事28.all over the world遍及世界 29.around the world整个世界30.the rest of ones life某人的余生. 31.good luck好运32.make up创造，编造 33.at the moment目前，现在34.so far到目前为止，与现在完成连时35.have a wonderful time=have a good time,=

19、enjoy oneself =have fun玩得高兴36.whats more而且 37.from to从到38.the lack of缺乏 39.around the world =all overthe world全世界40.交通方式的表达:1)take the +表示交通工具的名词,放句中,充当谓语.2)by +表示交通工具的名词,by sea /by water/by ship水路 by air /by plane乘飞机3)on /in +限定词+交通工具.,on the bike ,in the car.4)动词+to+地点动词:walk,ride ,drive ,fly后接to接

20、地点.话题写作：请你介绍一下游览北京的经历，内容如下： 1.北京在中国的北方，每年有很多人到北京旅游； 2.来过北京两次，跑遍了北京城； 3.爬过长城，到过颐和园(the Summer Palace)和故宫(the Palace Museum); 4.拍下了很多照片，与外国人用英语交谈过。Beijing is in the north ofChina. There are many places ofinterest there. A lot of people come to visit Beijing every year. I have been to Beijing twice. I

21、havetraveled around Beijing.I have climbed the Great Wall. I have visited the SummerPalace and the Palace Museum.I have also had conversation with foreigners and I have taken lots of photos.It was an interesting experience. I had a good time there. But I havent seenthe Beijing Opera. Its a pity. I h

22、ope I can visit it again one day.Module 3.1.no problem没问题 2.the lastest news最新的消息3.in order to为了 4.search for寻找，搜索5.hunderds of成百的 6. a small part of一小部分7.none ,既可指人，又可指物,用于三者或三者以上，常用于回答以how many /how much ,none of没有一个，no one只指人.不与of连用.用于回答who开头的问句.7. 8.take a photo of =takephotos of =take pictures

23、of =take a pictures9.so,与such的用法:1)当修饰可数名词单数时,用”such+a/an+形容词+名词.”或”so +形容词+a/an+名词.”2)当这些可数名词或不可数名词前有many ,much ,few ,little(表示少)修饰时,则用so .如:somany people ,so much money10.in space在太空中, in the sky在天空中.e back回来 12.look for寻找13.as .as像.一样 14.decide to do sth .决定做某事15.be named after以.名字命名 16.take afte

24、r与相像.17.be up to正在做某事,忙于做某事 What are youup to ?=What are you doing ?18.be up to sb.由.决定,由负责19.yet副词,还,尚,用于否定和疑问句句末;already ,已经,常用于肯定句中或句末.20.Thats why,这就是.的原因,后接结果.Thats because ,后接原因21.on the news在新闻上 22.on a newspaper表示(某物)在报纸上23.in a newspaper在报纸里(的内容).24.discover指发现原来已有但不为人知的事物;invent ,发明,即创造出前所

25、未有的东西find out查出真相,原理等,也可用于查看地时刻表等;find ,找到,发现,指寻找的结果look for寻找,侧重指寻找的动作和过程.25.the noon月亮,the+世界上独一无二的事物名词. 26,in orderto为了,表示目的,27.message ,口头传递的或书写的消息,可数名词, news ,通过新闻媒体发布的消息,不可数, information,指在阅读,谈话中特别关注的消息,情报,资料等,不可数.28.hundred,thousand,million,billion只有和of一起时,才加s,跟了数字,不加s.30.none代词,没有一个,没有一人,一点儿

26、也没有.通常用于三者或三者以上,既可指人也可指物,可与of连用,可回答how many ;no one只能指人,不能与of连用.,可回答who .31.三到达:get to =arrive in (大地方)/at (小地方)=reach跟地点副词时不用介词,不用reach32.take a photo of sb.给某人照相,而且是给他本人照相;take a photo for为某人照相,不一定有他本人. 33.enough修饰名词放在前,修饰形容词和副词放在后.34.alone作表语,独自一方,个体单独lonely作表语或定语,心里孤单,寂寞.municate with sb.和某人交流话题

27、写作：随着时代的进步、科技的发展，人们的生活发生了日新月异的变化。未来的生活将会是什么样子的呢？谁都无法预料。请发挥想象，谈一谈未来的日子里，将有哪些不可思议的变化。如：很多事情由机器人或计算机完成、在家购物、足不出户旅行请以“The life wecant imagine”为题写一篇短文。The life we cantimagineWhat do you think of the life in the futurewill be like?In the future there will be more computers inour houses. Computers will hel

28、p us to know a lot about the world. We will beable to talk by e-mail. Scientists will make many robots. Robots can help us dothe cleaning, cooking and washing. We can do some shopping or see a doctorwithout going out of our houses.The life in the future will be very good. Forthis, we will study hard

29、 and turn our ideas into reality. I believe we will beable to do this.Module 4语法：since和for的用法, for后跟一段时间, since后跟过去的时刻或过去时的句子,用since和for表示现在完成时,动词只能用延续性动词,不能用终止性动词.Come-be there, arrive in(at)/reach/get to /come to be in/beat , go out be out ,leave be away(from) beginbe onstop be over buy have borro

30、wkeepopenbe open closebe closed join-be a member of die-be deadcatch a cold have a cold get to know know become a tacherbe a teacherfall asleepbe asleep , getmarried /marry be married ,fall ill be ill. go to bed be in bedreturnbe back receivehavego to sleep sleep知识点：1.sick可作表语,也可作定语,修饰名词. ill只作表语2.get a stomachache胃痛 toothache (牙疼) headache(头疼) 用get/havea3 catch a cold感冒(终止性动词) have a