高考英语二轮复习专题一阅读理解第4讲词义猜测题靶向训练.docx

1、高考英语二轮复习专题一阅读理解第4讲词义猜测题靶向训练专题一 阅读理解第4讲 词义猜测题真题演练A(2016全国卷，阅读理解B)Five years ago，when I taught art at a school in Seattle，I used Tinkertoys as a test at the beginning of a term to find out something about my students.I put a small set of Tinkertoys in front of each student，and said：“Make something out

2、 of the Tinkertoys.You have 45 minutes todayand 45 minutes each day for the rest of the week.”A few students hesitated to start.They waited to see what the rest of the class would do.Several others checked the instructions and made something according to one of the model plans provided.Another group

3、 built something out of their own imaginations.Once I had a boy who worked experimentally with Tinkertoys in his free time.His constructions filled a shelf in the art classroom and a good part of his bedroom at home.I was delighted at the presence of such a student.Here was an exceptionally creative

4、 mind at work.His presence meant that I had an unexpected teaching assistant in class whose creativity would infect(感染) other students.Encouraging this kind of thinking has a downsideI ran the risk of losing those students who had a different style of thinking.Without fail one would declare，“But Im

5、just not creative.”“Do you dream at night when youre asleep？”“Oh，sure.”“So tell me one of your most interesting dreams.”The student would tell something wildly imaginative.Flying in the sky or in a time machine or growing three heads.“Thats pretty creative.Who does that for you？”“Nobody.I do it.”“Re

6、allyat night，when youre asleep？”“Sure.”“Try doing it in the daytime，in class，okay？”【语篇解读】本文属于记叙文，作者通过让学生拼装玩具培养学生的创造性和想象力。5The teacher used Tinkertoys in class in order to _Aknow more about the studentsBmake the lessons more excitingCraise the students interest in artDteach the students about toy des

7、ign解析：推理判断题。根据文章第二段可知当我把拼装式玩具放在学生面前的时候，有些学生犹豫着在等着看别人如何行动，有一些学生查看了使用说明并根据模型做出了一些东西。而另外一些学生则根据本人的想象力做出了一些东西。通过观察我对不同的学生的性格有了不同的理解。故A正确。答案：A6What do we know about the boy mentioned in Paragraph 3?AHe liked to help his teacher.BHe preferred to study alone.CHe was active in class.DHe was imaginative.解析：推

8、理判断题。根据文章第三段可知这个男孩在空闲时间拼装这些玩具，而且他的作品堆满了艺术教室的架子，家里的卧室里也有很多。再根据本段倒数第三句“Here was an exceptionally creative mind at work”说明他是一个很有想象力和创造性的人。故D项正确。答案：D7.What does the underlined word “downside” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?AMistake. BDrawback.CDifficulty. DBurden.解析：词义猜测题。根据画线单词后一句“I ran the risk of losin

9、g those students who had a different style of thinking.”可知我冒着失去那些有不同思维方式的学生的危险。说明我的这种教育方法也有不足之处。故划线词意为“drawback(缺点)”。故B正确。答案：B8Why did the teacher ask the students to talk about their dreams?ATo help them to see their creativity.BTo find out about their sleeping habits.CTo help them to improve their

10、 memory.DTo find out about their ways of thinking.解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后对话内容可知作者鼓励孩子们说出最有趣的有创造性和想象力的梦，并鼓励他们在白天的课堂里把梦的内容做出来。作者这样做的目的就是为了让他们看到自己的创造性和想象力。故A正确。答案：AB(2016全国卷，阅读理解C)(导学号 58210012)I am Peter Hodes，a volunteer stem cell courierSince March 2012，Ive done 89 tripsof those，51 have been abroad.I have 4

11、2 hours to carry stem cells(干细胞) in my little box because Ive got two ice packs and thats how long they last.In all，from the time the stem cells are harvested from a donor(捐献者) to the time they can be implanted in the patient，weve got 72 hours at most.So I am always conscious of time.I had one trip

12、last year where I was caught by a hurricane in America.I picked up the stem cells in Providence，Rhode Island，and was meant to fly to Washington then back to London.But when I arrived at the checkin desk at Providence，the lady on the desk said：“Well，Im really sorry，Ive got some bad news for youthere

13、are no flights from Washington.”So I took my box and put it on the desk and I said：“In this box are some stem cells that are urgently needed for a patientplease，please，youve got to get me back to the United Kingdom.”She just dropped everything.She arranged for a flight on a small plane to be held fo

14、r me，rerouted(改道) me through Newark and got me back to the UK even earlier than originally scheduled.For this courier job，youre consciously aware that in that box youve got something that is potentially going to save somebodys life.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了作者在一次运送造血干细胞途中的一段经历，表现了人们之间的友爱。29.Which of the f

15、ollowing can replace the underlined word “courier” in Paragraph 1?Aprovider Bdelivery manCcollector Dmedical doctor解析：词义猜测题。根据本段内容“Ive done 89 trips”和“I have 42 hours to carry stem cells in my little box”以及第二段内容可知作者是运送干细胞的人，也就是delivery man。故选B 。答案：B30Why does Peter have to complete his trip within 4

16、2 hours?AHe cannot stay away from his job too long.BThe donor can only wait for that long.CThe operation needs that much time.DThe ice wont last any longer.解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“I have 42 hours to carry stem cells in my little box because Ive got two ice packs and thats how long they last.”可知冰盒只能保持42小时适

17、宜的温度。故选D。答案：D31Which flight did the woman put Peter on first?ATo London. BTo Newark.CTo Providence. DTo Washington.解析：细节理解题。根据第二段末句“She arranged for a flight on a small plane to be held for me，rerouted me through Newark”可知，这位好心的女士首先安排作者去Newark的航班。故选B。答案：BC(2016全国卷 ，阅读理解B)On one of her trips to New Y

18、ork several years ago，Eudora Welty decided to take a couple of New York friends out to dinner.They settled in at a comfortable East Side cafe and within minutes，another customer was approaching their table.“Hey，arent you from Mississippi？”the elegant，whitehaired writer remembered being asked by the

19、stranger.“Im from Mississippi too.”Without a second thought，the woman joined the Welty party.When her dinner partner showed up，she also pulled up a chair.“They began telling me all the news of Mississippi，”Welty said.“I didnt know what my New York friends were thinking.”Taxis on a rainy New York nig

20、ht are rarer than sunshine.By the time the group got up to leave，it was pouring outside.Weltys new friends immediately sent a waiter to find a cab.Heading back downtown toward her hotel，her bigcity friends were amazed at the turn of events that had changed their Big Apple dinner into a Mississippi s

21、tate reunion(团聚)“My friend said：Now we believe your stories，”Welty added.“And I said：Now you know.These are the people that make me write them”Sitting on a sofa in her room，Welty，a slim figure in a simple gray dress，looked pleased with this explanation.“I dont make them up，”she said of the character

22、s in her fiction these last 50 or so years.“I dont have to.”Beauticians，bartenders，piano players and people with purple hats，Weltys people come from afternoons spent visiting with old friends，from walks through the streets of her native Jackson，Miss.，from conversations overheard on a bus.It annoys W

23、elty that，at 78，her left ear has now given out.Sometimes，sitting on a bus or a train，she hears only a fragment(片断) of a particularly interesting story.【语篇解读】文章介绍了一位女作家请纽约的朋友吃饭时发生的故事。Welty是一位年纪比较大的作家，她来自密西西比。Welty的作品都是来自于现实的生活。25What happened when Welty was with her friends at the cafe?ATwo strangers

24、 joined her.BHer childhood friends came in.CA heavy rain ruined the dinner.DSome people held a party there.解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“.another customer was approaching their table.”和第三段“.the woman joined the Welty party.When her dinner partner showed up，she also pulled up a chair”可知，先后有两个陌生人(一位女士及其同伴)加入了Welty他们

25、的聚会，故选A。答案：A26.The underlined word“them”in Paragraph 6 refers to Weltys _Areaders BpartiesCfriends Dstories解析：词义猜测题。画线的them指代前面提到的人或物，根据“Now we believe your stories”可知，them指代的是Welty写的小说里面的故事，听了Welty和两个陌生人的有关密西西比的谈话之后，Welty的朋友相信了Welty小说里的故事都是来源于生活，故选D。答案：D27What can we learn about the characters in W

26、eltys fiction?AThey live in big cities.BThey are mostly women.CThey come from real life.DThey are pleasure seekers.解析：推理判断题。根据第八段“I dont make them up”和第九段“.Weltys people come from afternoons spent visiting with old friends，from walks through the streets of her native Jackson，Miss.，from conversations

27、 overheard on a bus.”可知，Welty小说里的人物并非虚构的，他们都来源于现实的生活，故选C。答案：C模拟演练A(2017临沂一模)(导学号 58210013)Drive through any suburb in the US.Today，and its hard to miss the bins that have become companions to Americas trash cans.Recycling has become commonplace，as people recognize the need to care for the environmen

28、t.Yet most peoples recycling consciousness extends only as far as paper，bottles，and cans.People seldom find themselves facing the growing problem of ewaste.Ewaste rapidly increases as the technofashionable frequently upgrade to the most advanced devices，and the majority of them end up in landfills(垃

29、圾填埋地)Some people who track such waste say that users throw away nearly 2 million tons of TVs，VCRs，computers，cell phones，and other electronics every year.Unless we can find a safe replacement，this ewaste may get into the ground and poison the water with dangerous toxins(毒素)，such as lead，mercury，and a

30、rsenic.Burning the waste also dangerously contaminates the air.However，ewaste often contains reusable silver，gold，and other electrical materials.Recycling these materials reduces environmental problems by reducing both landfill waste and the need to look for such metals，which can destroy ecosystems.

31、A growing number of states have adopted laws to ban dumping(倾倒)ewaste.Still，less than a quarter of this refuse will reach lawful recycling programs.Some companies advertising safe disposal(处置)in fact merely ship the waste to some developing countries，where it still ends up in landfills.These organiz

32、ations prevent progress by unsafely disposing of waste in an outofsight，outofmind location.However，the small but growing number of cities and corporations that do handle ewaste responsibly represents progress toward making the world a cleaner，better place for us all.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。回收普通垃圾已经成为我们的习惯，但是意识到电子垃圾的存在并能合