新课标通用高考英语一轮训练专题一语法基础考点四名词和主谓一致.docx

1、新课标通用高考英语一轮训练专题一语法基础考点四名词和主谓一致考点四名词和主谓一致限时25分钟一、单句语法填空1Barber shops have been opened in most big hotels in foreign countries, guests can go to the _ (barber) to have a haircut directly 答案：barbers句意：国外大部分大的酒店都有理发店，客人可以直接去那里理发。the barbers 指“理发店”，故填barbers。 2The Smiths _ (have) their breakfast when the

2、 morning post came 答案：were having在表示姓氏的专有名词词尾加s，前面加the，表示一家人，当这种形式作主语时，谓语动词用复数。根据语境，此处表示正在吃早餐，故填were having。 3In recent years, Chinese arts have won the _ (appreciate) of a lot of people outside China答案：appreciation句意：近年来，中国艺术赢得了许多国外人士的欣赏。根据前面的the可知，后面使用名词appreciation，表示欣赏。4It was the natural disast

3、er, rather than human errors, that _ (be) to blame for the death of so many innocent people答案：was句意：是自然灾害，而不是人为错误，应对这么多无辜人的死亡负责。强调句型中强调的主语是“the natural disaster, rather than human errors”，谓语动词与主语保持一致。带有“rather than”的结构，谓语动词与前面的名词即the natural disaster保持一致，故填was。5Either you or one of your family membe

4、rs _ (be) to attend the school sports meeting tomorrow and cheer on your kids答案：is根据主语中的either or 可知，谓语动词采取“就近原则”，与“one of your family members”保持一致，故填is。 6Jane realized her _ (ambitious) to become the first woman to run the 10,000 metres within 30 minutes答案：ambition句意：简实现了成为第一个30分钟内跑完一万米的女子的抱负。根据前面的

5、形容词性物主代词可知，后面跟名词。ambition “野心，雄心”。这里是指实现愿望。7Many young people plan to take _ (turn) to host parties in the coming holiday 答案：turns句意：很多年轻人打算在即将到来的假期中轮流举行聚会。take turns to do sth是固定短语，意为“轮流做某事”，故填turns。8The teacher asks all the students to make _ (prepare) for the English class 答案：preparations句意：老师要求所

6、有的学生们为英语课做准备。make preparations for “为做准备”，是固定短语，故填preparations。9My friends and I ordered two teas and five _ (coffee) when we had lunch 答案：coffees句意：我和朋友们吃午饭的时候，点了两杯茶和五杯咖啡。此处coffee和前面的tea的用法一样，是可数名词，表示几杯茶或者咖啡，故填coffees。10We have to admit the fact that this experiment is a complete _ (fail) 答案：failur

7、e句意：我们不得不承认这次实验彻底失败了。根据空格前面的“a complete”可知，形容词修饰后面的名词，作定语，故填failure。11The roofs of the rooms were covered with _ (leaf)答案：leaves句意：房子的屋顶上被树叶覆盖了。以f或fe结尾的名词变复数有直接加s或变f或fe为v再加es的两种形式。常见的要去掉f或fe加ves的词有leaf, wife, life, knife, thief, half, self, shelf和wolf等。12Where to find the teacher and where to do the

8、 experiment _ (be) not known 答案：are前面的主语由两个“疑问词不定式”构成，表示两个概念，谓语动词用复数。故填are。13The knife and fork _ (be) on the table 答案：is主语中and连接两个名词，表示一个整体概念，谓语动词用单数。故填is。 14So far, more than one answer _ (give) to the question 答案：has been given本句中“more than one单数名词”作主语，意义表示“不止一个”，但是谓语动词用单数形式，且句中有时间状语so far提示，句子应用

9、现在完成时。故填has been given。15These deer _ (be) small compared with other species of deer 答案：aredeer单复数形式相同，但是此句中有these修饰，故填are。 16The teacher as well as the students who _ fond of football, _ playing together (be)答案：are; is句意：那位老师和喜欢足球的同学们正在一起踢足球。“who _ fond of football”是定语从句，修饰the students，故第一空用复数形式的谓语

10、动词。A as well as B作主语，谓语动词与A保持一致，故第二空用单数形式。17My family _ (be) wellknown in the region now答案：is句意：我的家现在在这个地区很有名气。本句中family强调整体，且有时间状语now，故填is。18Where did you two have your _ (stomach) examined?At our local hospital答案：stomachs句意：你们两个在哪儿检查的胃？在我们当地的一家医院。因为指的是两个人的胃，故用复数形式；又因为此单词中ch的发音为/k/，所以变为复数时要在后面加s。在英

11、语中，以s, x, ch, sh结尾的名词变为复数要在其后加es，但是stomach除外。19The old couple are pleased with their three _ (soninlaw)答案：sonsinlaw句意：这对老夫妇对他们的三个女婿很满意。合成名词单数变成复数时，有主体名词时把主体名词变成复数。例如：soninlawsonsinlaw, lookeronlookerson, passerbypassersby。20In our city, there are one million _ (grownup)答案：grownups句意：在我们这座城市，有一百万成年人。

12、grownup “成年人”，为可数名词，应用其复数形式。在英语中，合成词变为复数时，如果没有主体名词，通常将最后一个词变为复数，因此答案为grownups。21Our local government awards 5,000 dollars to four _ (woman) nurses and two _ (man) doctors答案：women; men句意：我们当地政府把5,000美元奖给了四名女护士和两名男医生。由man或woman作为第一部分而构成的复合名词变复数时，将两个部分皆变为复数形式。22Learning hard _ (be) very important to us

13、 students now答案：is句意：现在努力学习对我们学生很重要。当主语为动名词/单个从句/to do不定式时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。23In fact, the innovation is just one move in a huge project to improve Chinese teachers housing _ (condition) in recent years答案：conditions句意：事实上，这项变革只是最近几年提高中国教师住房条件的大项目中的一小步。根据句意可知，应用名词复数形式conditions。condition的复数形式表示“(居住、工作等

14、的)环境，条件”。24Water is valuable in the world but large amounts of water _ (be) wasted答案：are句意：在世界上水是很宝贵的，但是许多水被浪费了。“amounts/quantities of不可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。25A modern library is being built in our school so that we students will have _ (accessible) to good books答案：access句意：我们学校正在建设一个现代化的图书馆，以便学生能够读到好

15、书。access “接触的机会，使用权”；have access to固定词组，意为“可使用；可获得”，符合句意。故空格处填access。26Each man and each woman in the neighboring villages _ (have) a bad opinion of him, but he is spoken better of by the village leaders答案：has句意：邻近村庄的每个人都对他印象不好，但是村领导对他的评价较高。“every and every ”，“each and each ”等结构作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式；且根

16、据后面的is可知，句子应用一般现在时。故空格处应填has。27Is everyone here?Not yet Look, there _ (come) a guest!答案：comes空格处所在句子为倒装句，a guest作主语，谓语动词要用单数形式；此处叙述的是现在的事实，所以句子用一般现在时。故空格处应填comes。28Its said that a singer and TV star _ (be) coming to give us a wonderful performance next Saturday答案：is句意：据说一位歌唱家兼电视明星下星期六要来给我们做精彩的表演。and

17、连接两个名词，但共用一个冠词指同一人或者同一事物时，句子的谓语动词要用单数。故答案为is。29The head teacher, together with his students, _ (be) planning to post the winning poems on the Campus Network答案：is主语后接由with, except, as well as, no less than, rather than, besides, together with, like, including, in addition to等构成的短语时，谓语动词的单复数和主语的单复数保持一

18、致。故空格处应填is。30The factory used 65 percent of the raw materials, the rest of which _ (be) saved for other purposes答案：were句意：这家工厂使用了65%的原材料，其余的节省下来以作他用。后半句中的the rest of which中的which指的是raw materials，所以谓语动词用复数；再结合主句中的时态可判断，正确答案为were。二、单句改错1“Thank you” mean you appreciate what someone has done for you, no

19、 matter how small it is _答案：meanmeans本句中的主语是Thank you短语，表示单数意义，故谓语动词用单数，故将mean改为means。 2I managed to climb out, but much to my shocking, one of my boys was missing _答案：shockingshock此处为“to ones抽象名词”结构，shocking是一个形容词，故将shocking改为shock。 3I have heard that English volunteers is wanted in the summer vaca

20、tion _答案：isare根据前面的主语English volunteers表示复数意义可知，谓语动词用复数，故将is改为are。4We were very happy to help each other and have lots of funs _答案：funsfunfun是一个不可数名词，没有复数形式，故将funs改为fun。 5I come from New York and is having an enjoyable time in Beijing _答案：isam句子的主语为I，谓语动词应与I保持一致，故将is改为am。6In order to keep healthy, y

21、ou have to refuse a variety of delicious snack and junk food _答案：snacksnackssnack是一个可数名词，根据前面的a variety of “大量的”可知，后用复数名词，故将snack改为snacks。7Im one of the students who works hard in English and have won several prizes in some English contests _答案：workswork定语从句的谓语动词与前面的先行词保持一致，即与the students保持一致，故改为复数形

22、式。8More than one worker have been sent to the training center to improve their working skills in the past three years_答案：havehas句意：在过去的三年中，不止一个工人被送到培训中心去提高他们的工作技能。more than one “不止一个”，从意义上讲它表示复数，但作主语时，谓语习惯用单数。9A recent survey shows that the number of children who come from the countryside with their

23、 parents are nearly 320,000 in Beijing_答案：areis句意：最近的一项研究表明，在北京和父母一起从农村来的孩子的数量将近320,000。“the number of名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用单数；而“a number of名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。10The computer system crashed and I lost three hours worth of work_答案：hourshours句意：电脑系统瘫痪了，我三个小时做的工作都白费了。三个小时为复数概念，因此hour应用复数形式。以s结尾的名词复数的所有格形式直接加即可。

24、11On the contrary, I think it is Truman, rather than you, are to blame_答案：areis当主语是介词with, together with, along with, as well as, like, but, rather than, including等连接的两个名词或代词时，谓语动词应与第一个名词或代词的数保持一致。12However, the grass under our foot is green enough_答案：footfeet由修饰语our可知，foot应改为其复数形式，foot的复数形式为不规则变化，即

25、feet。13Bill was standing at the side of the car, talking to two men who was helping him to repair it_答案：第二个waswere因先行词two men是复数概念，所以定语从句的谓语动词也应用复数。14In the last 25 years, the population of Singapore have doubled to more than five million_答案：havehas句意：在过去的25年里，新加坡的人口翻了一番，达到500多万人。此处的population为集合名词，

26、可以看成一个整体，故谓语动词用单数。15Each student should make good preparation for the College Entrance Examination_答案：preparationpreparationspreparation意为“准备工作，筹备工作”时，为可数名词；make preparations for “为做准备”，固定搭配。名词一、单数可数名词变为复数形式的规则1规则变化一般情况下，在词尾直接加s；以s, x, sh, ch(ch发音为t 时)结尾的在词尾加es；以辅音字母y结尾的，把y变成i，再加es；以f或fe结尾的多数变f或fe为v

27、再加es。2不规则变化(1)变内部元音footfeet 脚 manmen 男人womanwomen 女人 toothteeth 牙goosegeese 鹅 gentlemangentlemen 绅士(2)单复数同形的名词sheep 绵羊 deer 鹿Chinese 中国人 Japanese 日本人Swiss 瑞士人 means 方法series 系列 species 种类works 工厂 head 头(量词)(3)常以复数形式出现的名词clothes 衣服 glasses 眼镜chopsticks 筷子 trousers 裤子 goods 商品；货物 contents 目录sands 沙滩 woods树林times时代 lines 台词 surroundings 环境 belongings 财产earnings 收入 arms 武器