病理生理学中英文对照.docx

1、病理生理学中英文对照中英文对照1 antichymotrypsin 1抗糜蛋白1 antitrypsin1抗胰蛋白-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxa-zolep- propionate, AMPA-氨基-3-羟基-5-甲基-4-异恶唑-丙酸-ketoglutarate 酮戊二酸盐2-microglobulin2微球蛋白-aminobutyric acid, GABA-氨基丁酸1-hydroxylase1-羟化酶1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 ，1,25-OH2D31,25-二羟基维生素D31,2-diacylglycerol , DAG甘油二酯

2、1,4,5-inositol triphosphate, IP3三磷酸肌醇acetylcholine, Ach乙酰胆碱acidosis酸中毒acromegaly肢端肥大症action potential duration, APD动作电位时程Activated protein C resistance, APCRAPC抵抗Acute phase proteins急性期蛋白acute renal failure，ARF 急性肾功能衰竭acute respiratory distress syndrome急性呼吸窘迫综合征acute respiratory distress syndrome, A

3、RDS急性呼吸窘迫综合征acute tubular necrosis，ATN 急性肾小管坏死adalylate cyclase, AC腺苷酸环化酶adenine nucleotide腺瞟呤核苷adhesion molecule粘附分子adrenocortical insufficiency肾上腺皮质功能不全advanced glycosylation end product, AGE 晚期糖基化终末产物agonosia失认airway closure气道闭合albuminuria 蛋白尿aldosterone 醛固酮aliphatic amines脂肪胺alkalosis碱中毒allergic

4、al purpura过敏性紫癜Alzheimers disease, AD阿尔茨海默病-melanocyte stimulating hormone, -MSH-黑素细胞刺激素ammonia氨Ammonia intoxication氨中毒ammonium，NH4+铵amyloid precursor protein, APP淀粉样前体蛋白amyloidosis淀粉性变性病anaphylactic shock过敏性休克anasarca全身性水肿anatomic shunt解剖分流anemia贫血angiotensin血管紧张素angiotensin II receptor antagonists

5、，Ang II RA 血管紧张素II受体拮抗剂angiotensin II，Ang II 血管紧张素IIangiotensinase血管紧张肽酶angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, ACEI 血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂angiotensin-converting enzyme, ACE 血管紧张素转换酶anion gap (AG)阴离子间隙ankyrin锚蛋白anorexia食欲减退antidiuretic hormone， ADH抗利尿激素anti-inflammatory mediator抗炎介质AntithrombinIII(ATIII)抗凝血酶

6、IIIanuria无尿aphasia失语apolipoprotein E, apoE载脂蛋白Eapoptosis凋亡apoptosis activating factor(apaf-1)凋亡激活因子apoptosis-inducing factor(AIF)凋亡诱导因子apraxia失用aquaporins (AQPs)水通道蛋白arachidonic acid，AA花生四烯酸arginine vasopressin (AVP)精氨酸加压素aromatic amino acids芳香族氨基酸arrhythmmias心律失常arteriosclerosis动脉硬化ascending reticu

7、lar activating system, ARAS上行激动系统ascending reticular inhibiting system, ARIS上行抑制系统ascites腹水ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM)共济失调性毛细血管扩张突变ATP-sensitive K+ channels, KATPATP敏感的钾通道atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)心房利钠多肽autocrine自分泌autoimmune disease自身免疫性疾病auto-transfusion自我输血(液)azotemia 氮质血症basement m

8、embrane基底膜BaxBcl-2 familyBcl-2 家族behavioral temperature regulations行为性体温调节bicarbonate buffer system碳酸氢盐缓冲系bicarbonate reclamation碳酸氢盐回收bicarbonate regeneration碳酸氢盐再生成bioactive substances生物活性物质blood brain barrier (BBB)血脑屏障blood urea nitrogen ， BUN血液尿素氮body fluids体液bradykinin缓激肽brain stem reticular fo

9、rmation脑干网状结构brain-derived neurotrophic factor, BDNF脑源性神经营养因子branch chain amino acids支链氨基酸buffer system缓冲系统burn shock烧伤性休克butylene glycol,丁二醇cachexia恶病质calcitonin (CT)降钙素calcium overload钙超载calcium paradox钙反常carbamidine胍carbon dioxide anaesthenia 二氧化碳麻醉carbon monoxide ， CO一氧化碳carbonic anhydrase， CA碳酸

10、酐酶carboxyhemoglobulinemia碳氧血红蛋白血症cardiac dilatation心室扩张cardiac hypertrophy心肌肥大cardiac output心排出量cardiogenic shock心源性休克caspase半胱氨酸天冬酶cast管型，脱落物catalase过氧化氢酶catecholamines, Cas儿茶酚胺CDK inhibitors (CKIs)细胞周期素依赖性激酶抑制因子cell apoptosis细胞凋亡cell cycle细胞周期cell differentiation细胞分化cell proliferation细胞增殖central v

11、enous pressure, CVP中心静脉压cerebral cortex大脑皮层Ceruloplasmin铜蓝蛋白checkpoint细胞周期检查点cholecystokinin, CCK胆囊收缩素cholera霍乱choline acetyltransferase胆碱乙酰转移酶chronic alcoholism慢性酒精中毒chronic renal failure，CRF 慢性肾功能衰竭ciliary neurotrophic factor, CNTF睫状神经营养因子circulatory hypoxia循环性缺氧clearance rate of endogenous creati

12、nine内生肌酐清除率cognitive disorder认知障碍collecting ducts集合管colloid osmotic pressure胶体渗透压coma昏迷Compensatory anti-inflammatory response syndrome, CARS代偿性抗炎反应综合征concentric hypertrophy向心性肥大confusion精神错乱confusion意识混浊conscious disorder意识障碍consciousness意识corticotrophin releasing hormone (CRH)促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素C-reactiv

13、e proteinC-反应蛋白creatinine肌氨酸酐Creutzfeldt Jokob disease, CJD海绵状脑病crosstalk交叉对话crush syndrom挤压综合症cyanate氰酸盐cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)环磷酸腺苷cyclin细胞周期素cyclin-dependent kinases(CDK)细胞周期素依赖性激酶cyclooxygenases环加氧酶cylindruria管型尿cysteine-aspartic acid- proteases，caspase半胱氨酸-天冬氨酸-蛋白酶cytochrome C细胞色素

14、ccytoplasmic apoptosome胞浆凋亡体dead space like ventilation死腔样通气death receptor死亡受体death signal死亡信号delayed afterdepolarization延迟后除极delirium谵妄dementia痴呆desensitization减敏diabetes mellitus 糖尿病diabetic ketoacidosis糖尿病酮症酸中毒diabetic nephropathy糖尿病肾病diamine oxidase二胺氧化酶diarrhea腹泻，痢疾diastolic failure舒张性心衰differe

15、ntiation-inducing drugs分化诱导药物diffusion disorder弥散障碍disseminated intravascular coagulation, DIC弥散性血管内凝血distal convoluted tubules 远曲小管distress劣性应激Distributive shock分布性休克disturbance in executive functioning失行disulfide (disulphide)， -SS-二硫化合物，二硫键DNA methylationDNA甲基化Dopamine多巴胺dopamine decarboxylase多巴胺脱

16、羧酶dopaminergic neurons多巴胺能神经元dopamine-hydroxylase多巴胺羟化酶down-regulate下调dyspnea呼吸困难eccentric hypertrophy离心性肥大ecchymosis瘀斑edema水肿electrolyte电解质emaciate消瘦，憔悴end-diastolic pressure舒张末期压力endocrine内分泌endogenous pyrogens内生致热原endonuclease核酸内切酶endothelial cell内皮细胞endothelin，ET 内皮素Endothelium derived vasoactiv

17、e mediators内皮源性血管活性介质endotoxemia内毒素血症endotoxic shock内毒素休克endotoxin内毒素end-stage renal failure 肾衰末期epidermal growth factor , EGF表皮生长因子,上皮生长因子equal pressure point等压点erythropoietin ，EPO 促红细胞生成素essential hypertension 原发性高血压eustress良性应激excitatory neurotransmitter兴奋性神经递质excitatory toxicity 兴奋性毒性excoriation

18、表皮脱落exogenous pyrogens外致热原expiratory dyspnea呼气性呼吸困难extracellular fluid细胞外液extracellular matrix，ECM 细胞外基貭extracellular signal regulated kinase, ERK细胞外信号调节激酶false neurotransmitters假性神经递质familial hypokalemic periodic paralysis家族性低钾性周期性麻痹fever发热fibroblast growth factor; FGF 纤维母细胞生长因子fibroblasts纤维原细胞，纤维母

19、细胞fixed acid固定酸forward mode正向转运Frank-Starling mechanism弗-斯机制free radical自由基fulminant hepatic failure爆发性肝功能衰竭functional shunt功能性分流gamma-aminobutyric acid-氨基丁酸General adaptation syndrome (GAS)全身适应综合征gigantism巨人症glia-derived neurotrophic factor, GDNF胶质源性神经营养因子glomerular filtration rate ,GRF 肾小球滤过率glome

20、rular hyperfiltration hypothesis肾小球过渡滤过假说glomerular ultrafiltration coefficient肾小球超滤系数glomerular-tubular imbalance球管失平衡glomerulonephritis肾小球肾炎glomerulosclerosis 肾小球硬化glucagon胰高血糖素glucose autooxidation 葡萄糖自氧化glucuronic acid葡萄糖醛酸Glutamate谷氨酸glutaminase谷氨酰胺酶glutathione peroxidase谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶glycation糖化gly

21、cosylation糖基化gout痛风growth hormone, GH生长激素guanidine compound 胍类化合物guanidinesuccinic acid胍基琥珀酸guanylin鸟苷素guanylyl cyclase, GC鸟苷酸环化酶HCO3-碳酸氢盐浓度heart failure心衰Heat shock proteins (HSP)热休克蛋白heat-shock factor ( HSF.)热休克因子heavy metals重金属hematomas血肿hematuria 血尿heme oxygenase， HO 血红素加氧酶hemic hypoxia血液性缺氧hemo

22、chromatosis血色素沉着病hemorrhagic shock失血性休克Henderson-Hasselbalch equationHenderson-Hasselbalch 公式Henles loop亨利氏襻hepatic encephalopathy(HE)肝性脑病Hepatic failure肝功能衰竭Hepatic insufficiency肝功能不全hepatorenal syndrome（HRS）肝肾综合征high altitude pulmonary edema高原肺水肿high output heart failure高输出量性心衰Histamine组胺histogeno

23、us hypoxia组织性缺氧homeostasis稳态Huntington disease神经性舞蹈病hydrogen peroxide过氧化氢hydrophobicity疏水性hydrops积水hydrostatic pressure流体静压hydroxyl radicals, OH羟自由基hydroxylations羟基化作用hyperaldosteronism醛固酮过多症Hyperarousal唤起、警觉过度hypercalcemia高钙血症hypercapnia高碳酸血症hypercapnic respiratory failure高碳酸血症性呼吸衰竭hypercontracture

24、过度挛缩hyperglycemia 高糖血症hyperkalemia高钾血症hyperkalemic periodic paralysis高钾性周期性麻痹hyperlipidemia高脂血症hypermagnesemia高镁血症hypernatremia高钠血症hyperphosphatemia高磷血症hyperpolarization blocking超级化阻滞hypersensitivity增敏hypertensive nephrosclerosis高血压性肾硬化hyperthermia过热hypertonic dehydration高渗性脱水hypertrophy肥大hyperventi

25、lation过度通气hypocalcemia低钙血症Hypoglycemia低血糖症Hypokalemia低钾血症hypomagnesemia低镁血症hyponatremia低钠血症hypoperfusion低灌注hypophosphatemia低磷血症hyposthenuria 低渗尿Hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal cortex (HPA) axis下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺皮质轴hypotonic dehydration低渗性脱水hypotonic hypoxemia低张性低氧血症hypotonic hypoxia低张性缺氧hypovolumic shock低血容量

26、性休克hypoxemic respiratory failure低氧血症性呼吸衰竭hypoxia缺氧hypoxic cell damage缺氧性细胞损伤hypoxic encephalopathy缺氧性脑病hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (HPV)缺氧性肺血管收缩Hysteria癔症IL-1 receptor antagonist,IL-1raIL-1受体拮抗剂inappetence食欲不振independent risk factors 独立风险因子indoles吲哚infectious shock感染性休克inhibitor of apoptosis(IAP)凋亡抑制蛋白inosine次黄嘌呤核苷，肌苷inspiratory dyspnea吸气性呼吸困难insulin growth factor; IGF 胰岛素生长因子insulin like growth factor-1，IGF-1胰岛