届高考英语一轮复习Unit4LivingPlanet学案重庆大学版必修5112706.docx

1、届高考英语一轮复习Unit4LivingPlanet学案重庆大学版必修51127062021届高考英语一轮复习Unit4LivingPlanet学案重庆大学版必修5202111270658一、单词写 得 准用 得 活(用所给词的适当形式填空)1.continentn大陆；陆地2.decaden. 十年3.risen. 上升4.observevt. 庆祝5.highlightvt. 突出；强调 6.decreasevi./vt. 减小；减少 7.eruptvi. (火山)喷发 8.releasevt. 开释9.signvi./vt. 签字n. 符号10.measurevi./vt. 测量；量11

2、.tourismn. 游玩，观光12.urgent adj.紧急的；急迫的urgencyn紧急，迫切13.depth n深(度); 深奥deepadj.&adv.深的；深深地deeplyadv.强烈地；深刻地14.relatively adv.相对地relativeadj.相对的n.亲戚relatevi./vt.联系，把和联系起来relationn关系relatedadj.相关的15.appreciation n观赏；感谢appreciatevt.观赏；感谢16.extremely adv.极端地；专门地extremeadj.极端的；极度的17.affect vt.阻碍；感动affection

3、n喜爱，感情18.reduction n减少；降低reducevt.减少；缩小19.explore vt./vi.探究；勘探explorationn探险explorern探险者1.It is reported that the new traffic rules contribute to the reduction (reduce) of the number of traffic accidents.2.The bride appreciated Sun Li at the wedding ceremony but this appreciation seemed not to be en

4、ough.(appreciate)3.Though my house is relatively small, I often invite my relatives or friends to dinner, which makes our relations improved greatly.(relative)4.Deeply affected by Janes story, I cant help conveying my deep affection to her. (affect)5.Many explorers came here to explore the mountain.

5、 Without doubt, its worth the exploration.(explore) 6.Under such extreme weather, the visitors met with extremely great difficulties in the process of reaching White Bird Canyon.(extreme)7.The lake is over 20 meters in depth. So we were all moved deeply by the man who dived deep into the lake to sav

6、e the boy. (deep)1.聚焦serve结尾动词observe观看；遵守deserve 应受，值得conserve 储存；保守preserve 储存，爱护reserve 保留；预订2.rupt结尾动词集合erupt火山喷发interrupt 打搅corrupt 腐败abrupt 唐突bankrupt 破产3.“出版，发行”说法多release v. 公布，推出publish v. 出版issue v. 发行，公布come out 出版，显现bring out 公布，出版4.后缀ism名词一览tourism旅行业criticism 批判realism 现实主义socialism 社会

7、主义pessimism 悲观主义二、短语写 得 准用 得 活(选用左栏短语填空)1.at_least 至少 2.far_away 遥远；深远 3.be_covered_with/by 被所覆盖 4.make_up 形成、构成或组成某物 5.play_a_role_in_. 在方面起作用 6.keep_._from_. 阻止；抑制 7.block_out 遮住；挡住 8.carry_out 实施；实行；执行 9.be_made_up_of 由构成；组成 10.break_off 折断；脱落；突然停止 11.get/be_involved_in 涉及；参与 12.break_away 突然离开；脱

8、离 13.sign_the_treaty 签订条约14.float_away_into 漂离到1.Shakespeares play Hamlet has been made into at_least ten different films over the past years.2.Which of the following food may play_a_role_in the balanced diet？3.We can put the potatoes in salted water to keep them from turning black.4.For those with

9、family members far_away,_the personal computer and the phone are important in staying connected.(2020福建高考单选)5.It had been snowing heavily, and the ground was_covered_with/by a thick layer of snow.1.at短语训练营at least/most至少/多at first 起初at last 最后at times 有时at once 赶忙at home 无拘谨at present 目前2.make短语速记ma

10、ke up构成；化妆make sure 确保，证实make it 成功，达到make up for 补偿make a difference 有作用make sense 讲得通；有意义make up ones mind 做出决定三、句式背 原 句明 句 式学 仿 写1.The distance from the North Pole to the equator is a little longer than that from the equator to the South Pole.从北极到赤道的距离比赤道到南极的距离要长一点。that指代与前面提到的相类似但不是同一个的事物。令黛拉快乐的

11、是，她第一赢得了她的学生的信任，然后又获得了同事的信任。(2020辽宁高考单选)To her joy, Della earned first the trust of her students and then that_of_her_colleagues.2.The flattening and swelling are too small to see. (两极的)扁平和(赤道的)凸出都太小无法察觉。too . to .意为“太而不能”。他太紧张了以至于在老师面前一句话也说不出来。He was_too_nervous_to_speak a word before the teacher.3

12、. If you were in a rocket near the moon, you would not be able to see Mount Everest at all.假如你乘火箭到月球邻近，你将无法看到珠穆朗玛峰。if条件从句表示对现在情形的虚拟。假如我是你，我就可不能对她大喊大叫。If_I_were_you,_I would not shout at her.第一板块核心单词归纳集释1observe vt.庆祝；观看；注意到；遵守；评论高考佳句Observe carefully if any change occurs when doing experiments in th

13、e lab.(2020北京高考单选)当在实验室做实验的时候，要认真观看是否发生变化。一词多义写出下列句中observe的含义The players agreed to observe the spirit of fair play in all of the games.遵守People of many western countries observe the Christmas Day.庆祝The scientist devoted most of his lifetime to observing the behavior of the chimps.观看I observed that

14、several students were asleep.注意到(1)observe sb. do sth. 观看某人做某事(全过程) observe sb. doing sth. 观看某人正在做某事 observe that . 观看/注意到(2)observe the traffic rules 遵守交通规则observe Christmas 庆祝圣诞节She observed a man walking (walk) on the opposite of the way.她注意到有一个人在路的对面行走。名师指津observe用于被动语态时，作主语补足语的不定式须带to。The thief

15、 was observed to_open (open) the window and run away.有人发觉贼打开窗户逃跑了。 2. affect vt.阻碍；感动；(疾病)侵袭教材原句Many things in nature, such as sunshine, temperature, and precipitation, affect climate.自然界中的许多事物，如阳光、温度、降水都阻碍气候。一词多义写出下列句中affect的含义The reader was deeply affected by his novel.感动His left lung is affected

16、by cancer.(疾病)侵袭Once he has made up his mind, nothing can affect his decision.阻碍(1)be greatly/deeply affected by 被深深打动be affected by heat/cold 中暑/着凉be affected with high fever 发高烧(2)affection n. 喜爱，钟爱have affection for 喜爱，钟爱(3)effect n. 作用；阻碍have an effect on 对产生阻碍A lack of exercise will leave your

17、body weak, easily affected (affect) by disease. 缺乏锤炼造成你的躯体虚弱，容易遭受疾病的侵袭。She said she had affection for her hometown.她说她对她的家乡有钟爱之情。3decrease vi./vt.减小；减少教材原句Sunspots may decrease precipitation on the earth and cause unusually dry periods.太阳黑子可能会减少地球上的降水，导致专门干燥的时期。(1)decrease to 减少到decrease by 减少了(2)on

18、 the decrease 在减少(a) decrease in sth. 减少某物The traffic accidents in the city decreased by 30% last year.该都市去年交通事故减少了30%。The population in some western countries is on_the_decrease.一些西方国家的人口在下降。The clubs members decreased to two hundred.该俱乐部会员减少到了200人。.基础点全练(单句语法填空/补全句子)1They have a proper appreciatio

19、n (appreciate) of his great ability.2The doctors have taped up (包扎) my swollen (swell) ankle. 3The area, measuring (measure) 5 kilometres by 3 kilometres, has been purchased by the army.4Some criminals are likely to offend again when they are_released (release)5Thinking it over for a while, she sign

20、ed her name to the document. 6The new bridge should reduce the travelling time from 50 minutes to 15 minutes.7Relatively_speaking_(相对而言), this matter is unimportant. 8The number of the students in our school has_decreased_to (已减少到) 1,200.重难点多练1observe面面观(1)句型转换The police observed the man enter the b

21、ank. (改为被动语态)The man was_observed_to_enter the bank by the police.She observed that the pond in her village was drying up.She observed the pond in her village drying_up.(2)依照汉语提示完成片段 当我们参加游行庆祝国庆节的时候，必须遵守交通规则。假如我们看到有人正在闯红灯，我们就要阻止他。 When we attend the parade to_observe_National_Day,_we must observe_th

22、e_traffic_rules. If we observe_someone_running_the_red_light,_we should stop him.2affect多棱镜(1)补全句子尽管发高烧，他仍旧连续工作。Affected_with_high_fever,_he continued with his work.他去世的消息使她深感悲痛。She was_deeply_affected_by the news of his death.(2)一句多译听众被深深地打动了，他们长时刻烈火鼓掌。The audience were_deeply_affected,_and they wa

23、rmly applauded for a long time.Deeply_affected,_the audience warmly applauded for a long time.(3)句型转换We want to know whether the drug affects peoples health.We want to know whether the drug has_an_effect_on peoples health.阅读词汇专练依照语境选出highlight的词性和词义(A)v.用强光照耀；照亮(B)v.使显著，使突出；强调(C)v.用彩笔做标记 (D)n.最重要的部分

24、1His speech highlighted the need for educational reform._B_2Several lit candles highlighted the faces._A_3Her performance was the highlight of the show._D_4Ive highlighted the important passage in yellow._C_第二板块短语句型归纳集释1keep . from . 阻止；抑制 教材原句They keep the polar regions from getting overly cold. 他们

25、阻止极地地带变得过冷。(1)keep sb. from doing sth.阻止某人做某事(from不可省略)(2)prevent/stop sb. from doing sth.阻止某人做某事(from可省略，但在被动语态中不可省略)(3)protect sb. from (doing) sth.爱护某人不受某物的侵袭(from后接能带来损害或损害之物)It is their duty to protect their friends from the enemy.爱护朋友不受敌人的损害是他们的责任。They are putting too much carbon dioxide into

26、the atmosphere, which prevents heat (from) escaping (escape) from the earth into space. 他们把过多的二氧化碳开释到大气中，这使得地球上的热量不能开释到太空中去。2be made up of 由构成；组成 教材原句Unlike the Arctic in the North, which is just made up of ice, Antarctica is an actual land mass.不像北部的北极，它只是由冰组成的，南极洲实际上是一块大陆。be made up ofbe composed

27、ofconsist of由构成；组成make up 组成，构成；占(比例)；虚构，编造；补偿；整理；化妆This medical team is made up of (is_composed_of/consists_of) five doctors and ten nurses.那个医疗队由五名大夫，十名护士组成。 Not only sunshine but also hard times make_up life.生活中不仅仅有阳光，还有艰巨的生活。3The flattening and swelling are too small to see.(两极的)扁平和(赤道的)凸出都太小无法察

28、觉。句中使用了too .to .结构。该结构的具体用法如下：(1)tooadj./adv.to .表示否定意义，意为“太而不能”；它能够与not enough .to .或so .that .句式相互转换。The question is too difficult for him to_work_out.那个问题太难了，他解决不了。He is too young to go to school. He is not_old_enough_to go to school.He is so_young_that he cant go to school.他太小了，不能去上学。(2)tooadj.t

29、o .表示确信意义， 其中too后要紧接的是表示心情、情绪的词，如glad, pleased, happy, eager, anxious, willing等，意为“做某事太/专门”。He was too eager to_know (know) the result of his examination.他迫切想明白考试的结果。(3)cant .too .表示确信意义，意为“不管如何样也只是分”。You cant_be_too_careful while crossing the street.过马路时你再如何小心也只是分。.基础点全练1单句语法填空/补全句子I feel strongly

30、that each of us should play a role in making the earth a better place to live in.A big tree blocked out the sunshine to my study.The cost of renting a house in central Xian is higher than that in any other area of the city.Eliza remembers everything exactly as if it happened (happen) yesterday.His parents tried to keep him from playing computer games, but in vain.If you are_involved_in (涉及) an acciden