学年高中英语Module4MusicBorninAmericaSectionⅢGrammar时间状语从句和略教学案选修7.docx

1、学年高中英语Module4MusicBorninAmericaSectionGrammar时间状语从句和略教学案选修7Module 4 Music Born in America Section Grammar-时间状语从句和省略 语法图解 探究发现Some of the DJs began speaking and shouting while the music played.The moment I heard it, I knew it was a completely new kind of music.The first time that rap artists recorded

2、 their music, musicians recorded the backing tracks (the music without the singing) in the studio and the rappers added their vocals later.No sooner had he reached home than it began to rain.Hardly had I entered the room when the phone rang.Do you want to go to the movie tonight?I hope to (go to the

3、 movie)What do you think of the film (that) you saw yesterday?While (I was) at college, I began to know him, a strange but able student.Bob has done his homework, but Tom hasnt (done his homework)He accepted the suggestion that he (should) go there by train.我的发现(1)句中黑体部分在句中引导时间状语从句，句为省略句。(2)句为no soo

4、ner . than . /hardly . when .句式，表示“一就”，且no sooner/hardly位于句首时，主句要用倒装语序。(3)句是不定式的省略，省去了to后面的动词(短语)。(4)由句可知，关系词在定语从句中作宾语时可以省略。(5)句中，从句主语与主句主语一致，且从句中包含be动词的某种形式，可以将从句的主语和be动词同时省略。(6)句是情态动词should的省略；句省略了部分谓语及宾语。一、时间状语从句在复合句中起时间状语作用的句子称为时间状语从句。时间状语从句常用when, while, as, until, since或表示时间意义的名词短语等引导。1when, w

5、hile, as的用法连词用法when从句谓语用延续性动词和非延续性动词均可，主、从句谓语表示的动作可同时或先后发生while从句谓语用延续性动词表示两个延续性动作同时发生且具有对比意味，或一个动作发生在另一个动作进行的过程中as强调主、从句动作同时发生表示“一边一边”之意He was nine when his father died.他父亲去世时他才九岁。Jack was working in the lab when the power cut occurred.(2016北京高考改编)杰克正在实验室里工作，这时突然停电了。They arrived while we were havin

6、g dinner.他们到时我们正在吃晚饭。While I played the piano, my sister did her homework.我弹钢琴的时候姐姐在做作业。As years go by, China is getting stronger and richer.随着时间一年一年过去，中国变得越来越富强了。I saw my mother as I was getting off the bus.我下公共汽车的时候看见了我妈妈。名师点津when在be about to do . when ., be doing . when ., had done . when ., be o

7、n ones way . when ., be on the point of doing . when .等结构中，作“正在那时”讲，表示某个动作正在发生或刚刚发生，另一动作同时发生。He was about to leave when someone knocked at the door.他刚要离开就有人敲门。即时演练1(1)选词填空：when, while, asIts much easier to make friends when you have similar interests.While/When in Vienna he studied music.You will gr

8、ow wiser as you grow older.(2)完成句子I was_about_to_go_to_bed_when the telephone rang.我正要睡觉时电话铃响了。They were_watching_TV_when_they learned that the plane was out of touch.他们正在看电视，这时得知飞机失去联系。He had_just_left_when you came.他刚离开，你就来了。He dropped the glass as_he_stood_up.他站起来时，把杯子摔了。2until, till的用法主句形式主句谓语意义

9、肯定句用延续性动词意为“直到为止”，表示主句中的动作到从句动作发生时结束否定句用短暂性动词意为“直到才”，表示主句中的动作到从句动作发生时开始He waited until she had finished speaking.他一直等到她讲完。You cant go home until you finish your work.工作完成后你才能回家。名师点津(1)置于句首或在强调句中时常用until，其他情况until和till可通用。Until you told me I had no idea of it.直到你告诉我，我对此事才有所了解。(2)如果将“not until .”结构放在句

10、首，那么主句要部分倒装。Not until his bike looked almost new did he stop cleaning it.直到他的自行车看起来几乎像新的一样，他才停止擦洗。即时演练2(1)句型转换I didnt go to bed until I finished my work.Notuntil I finished my work did I go to bed.(2)完成句子You can stay_here_till/until the rain stops.你可以在这里待到雨停。They didnt_stop_talking_until the teacher

11、 came in.直到老师进来，他们才停止说话。Not until we pointed out their faults to them did_they_realize_them.直到我们向他们指出了他们的错误，他们才意识到。3before, since的用法(1)before意为“在之前”，置于主句前后均可。Before the sun sets, we must go home. 太阳落山前，我们必须回家。如果before引导的从句位于主句之后，有时不能译成“在之前”，而要译成“过了多久才，还未就”等。The struggle lasted four years before the

12、North won in the end.斗争持续了4年北方才最终获胜。He almost knocked me down before he saw me.他几乎撞到我时才看见我。She left before I could have a word with her. 我还没来得及和她说句话，她就离开了。before常用句型：It will be two years before he leaves the country.再过两年他才会离开这个国家。It was two years before he left the country.过了两年他才离开这个国家。(2)sincesince

13、意为“自从”时，所引导的从句使用非延续性动词，主句使用完成时态。Since he graduated from college, he has worked in this city.大学毕业后，他便在这个城市工作。since的常用句型：从句用短暂性动词表示动作持续了多久，用延续性动词表示动作停止了多久It is five days since he came here.他来这儿5天了。It was three years since she had lived in this city.她已有三年不住在这个城市了。即时演练3(1)选词填空：since, beforeI have writte

14、n home once since I came here.Time passed quickly and the winter holidays had gone by before we knew it.They worked long hours for several weeks before everything returned to normal.(四川高考改编)As is reported, it is 100 years since Qinghua University was founded.(2)用所给词的正确时态填空It will_be (be) one year be

15、fore we graduate from the middle school.It is/has_been (be) three years since he lived here.It was (be) not long before we met again.It was five years since we had_left (leave) school.4表示“一就”的引导词引导时间状语从句，表示“一就”之意的引导词有as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, no sooner . than ., hardly . when .等。

16、另外，名词短语the moment, the minute, the instant, the day (year)等均可用作连词来引导时间状语从句。As soon as the reporters know what to write about, they get down to work.记者们一知道他们要写什么东西，就着手工作。Immediately you begin to speak, he gives you his full attention.你只要一开始说话，他就会全神贯注地听。The moment I heard the voice, I knew Father was

17、coming.我一听到声音，就知道是父亲来了。名师点津 hardly . when, scarcely . when, no sooner . than 引导时间状语从句时，主句使用过去完成时，从句使用一般过去时。如果hardly, no sooner, scarcely置于句首，句子必须用部分倒装结构。Hardly had I got home when it began to rain.我刚一回家，天就开始下雨了。即时演练4句型转换I found myself in an entirely new world as soon as I arrived in Beijing.I found

18、myself in an entirely new world immediately/instantly/directly I arrived in Beijing.I found myself in an entirely new world themoment/minute/instant I arrived in Beijing.Nosooner had I arrived in Beijing than I found myself in an entirely new world.Hardly had I arrived in Beijing when I found myself

19、 in an entirely new world.5the first time, the last time .等作连词引导时间状语从句the first time (第一次的时候), the last time (上次的时候), by the time (到的时候为止), every/each time (每次的时候), next time (下次的时候)等也可作连词，引导时间状语从句。Each time he went to Beijing, he would call on his former teachers.每次他去北京，都会去探望他以前的老师们。By the time you

20、 come here tomorrow, I will have finished this work.你明天来这儿的时候，我将已经完成这项工作了。The first time we met, we were at a party.第一次见面时，我们在参加一个聚会。名师点津by the time引导的时间状语从句中可用一般现在时表示将来，此时主句应使用将来完成时；当从句中用一般过去时时，主句应使用过去完成时。即时演练5用所给词的适当形式填空The first time I got (get) there alone, I was frightened.Every time I try (try

21、) to visit him in the office Im told he is in a meeting.The last time I visited (visit) her, she was studying at a medical college.Remember to send me a photo of us the next time you write (write) to me.By the time he was ten, he had_studied (study) advanced math.By the time we graduate, we will_hav

22、e_stayed (stay) here for five years.二、省略为了使语言简洁或避免重复，省略句子中的一个或几个句子成分，这种语法现象称为省略。按照省略的部分可分为句子成分的省略和词的省略。1简单句及并列句中的省略省略成分情况说明主语在祈使句中和不容易引起歧义的情况下可省略谓语或谓语的一部分为了避免与前面已出现过的动词重复常省略表语答语或下文中与上文结构相似的表语省略宾语省略并列谓语最后一个动词的宾语以外的所有宾语双宾语动词的直接宾语或间接宾语都可以省略掉一个主语和谓语，或主语和谓语的一部分在不引起歧义的情况下为使语言更加简洁、明了可省略() beg your pardon.请

23、您原谅。/请再说一遍。Some of us study Japanese; others (study) English.我们中有些人学习日语，有些人学习英语。Do you know Mr Li?I dont know (him)你认识李先生吗？不认识。She washed (the shirt), ironed (the shirt), and folded the shirt.她洗了衬衫，并且把它熨好、折叠好。Sorry, (youve dialed the) wrong number.对不起，你拨错号了。即时演练6(1)补全下列句子Like a drink?Would_you_like_

24、a_drink?Im hungry.Are you?Are_you_hungry?Show me your essay.Ill show you later.Ill_show_you_my_essay_later.He is a student but I a teacher.He_is_a_student_but_I_am_a_teacher.(2)句型转换His father is a doctor and his mother is a nurse.His father is a doctor and hismotheranurse.John likes collecting stamp

25、s but he hates listening to music.John likes collecting stamps but hateslistening to music.Do you have anything else to say?Anything_else_to_say?2复合句中的省略(1)主句中的省略常见于句首或回答问题时，只用从句。Why didnt you come to class yesterday?(I didnt come to class yesterday) Because I was ill.你昨天为什么没来上课？因为我病了。(2)宾语从句中的省略在宾语

26、从句中常省略连词that，但当及物动词之后跟两个或两个以上的宾语从句时，只有第一个连词that可以省略。I know (that) she is a teacher and that she is an excellent writer.我知道她是一个老师，也是一个优秀的作家。(3)状语从句中的省略当状语从句中的主语和主句的主语一致或从句主语是it，并且从句谓语中有 be动词时，常可以省略从句中的主语和be动词。此类状语从句中的省略有如下情况：在as, before, till, until, when, while等引导的时间状语从句中。While (I was) walking along

27、 the street, I heard my name called.当我正沿街而行时，我听到有人叫我的名字。在though, although等引导的让步状语从句中。Though (they were) tired, they went on working.虽然累了，但他们继续工作。在if, unless等引导的条件状语从句中。You shouldnt come to his party unless (you are) invited.除非你被邀请，否则你不应该来参加他的晚会。在as, as if, as though等引导的方式状语从句中。He did as (he was) tol

28、d.他按要求去做了。名师点津在虚拟语气中，常省掉if，从句使用倒装句式。Were I you (If I were you), I should give that guy a good lesson.如果我是你的话，我会好好地教训那个家伙一顿。(4)定语从句中的省略一般说来，在限制性定语从句中，作宾语的关系代词that, which, who, whom可以省略；而在非限制性定语从句中作宾语的关系代词不可以省略。The man (whom) you saw yesterday fell ill.你昨天见到的那个人病倒了。The man, whom you saw yesterday, fel

29、l ill.那个人病倒了，你昨天见到他了。当先行词是way，且引导词在定语从句中作方式状语时，引导词可用in which 或that，也可以省略。The way (in which/that) these comrades treat problems is wrong.这些同志看待问题的方式是错误的。即时演练7(1)用所给动词的适当形式填空(浙江高考改编)There are some health problems that, when not treated (treat) in time, can become bigger ones later on.(2)在句中能省略的部分下面画线I

30、 believe that she will help you and that you will succeed. Ill give you all that I have as long as you are happy. Whenever it_is possible, he will come to my help. (3)句型转换If it is necessary, we shall send a telegram home.Ifnecessary,_we shall send a telegram home.Someone has used my mobile phone, but I dont know who has used it.Someone has used my mobile phone, but I dont know who.I wont go to the wedding unless I am invited.I wont go to the wedding unlessinvited.3动词不定式中的省略动词不定式中的省略