1、备考英语高考写作专题记叙文汇总备考高考写作专题 1 记叙文重点诠释:1. 记叙文是以叙述人物的经历或事物的发展变化的过程为主的一种文体。2. 在记叙文体的高考书面表达中,命题形式主要是提纲式或图表式。3. 通常要求考生以第一人称或第三人称来写作,第一人称主要是写自己的经历,第三人称主要是写他人 的经历或事迹。4. 由于记叙文叙述的事情通常发生在过去,因而,其时态主要用一般过去时。5. 记叙文通常是按照事情发展的先后顺序来表达内容的。写作典例:请仔细看一下下面的图画,注意图画中的细节:假设你是李华,在美国探亲。 2000年 2月 8日清晨,你的目击一起交通事故。警察局让你写一份材料,报 告当时所
2、见情况。根据下列图画写出报告。注意:1、目击者应该准确报告事实; 2、词数 100左右; 3、结尾已为你写好剖析:本题图文结合,审题时要重视细节。1 明确写作要求:本题要求写一篇目击者的报告,用第一人称写;图中的环境条件;人物位置(此点对完成本题十分重要 ; 人物活动; 人物表情; 空间结构;图中的全部附加文字(英语和汉语 。时间:2000年 2月 8日早晨 7点 15分;地点:公园路公园门前;我正沿公园路向东走;一辆汽车从第 3街向右拐,驶入公园路时撞倒了一位过街的老人; 汽车未停,沿公园路向西开走;汽车是黄色的,车牌号是 AC864,司机是一位女性。One Possible version
3、:It was 7 : 15 on the morning of February 8, 2000.I was walking along Park Road towards the east when an elderly man came out of the park on the other side of the street. Then I saw a yellow car drive up Third Street and make a right turn into Park Road. The next moment the car hit the man while he
4、was crossing the road. He fell with a cry. The car didnt stop but drove off at great speed heading west. I noticed the driver was a young woman and the plate number was AC864.高考是全社会关注的大事,学校和家庭表现尤为突出。家庭成员对考生从学习到生活给予无微不至的 关怀 , 结果却给考生带来负面影响。 根据图画所描述的内容写一篇文章 , 并发表自己的观点 (夹叙夹议 。 词 数 120左右。 As the College
5、Entrance Examination is drawing near, _。As the College Entrance Examination is drawing near, the situation is getting worse and worse. From the picture, we can see that Li Ming is studying hard. There are many books for him to read and many papers for him to do. How poor he is! At the same time, all
6、 his family are also busy working for him.Nowadays, many parents expect too much of their sons or daughters. They hope that their sons or daughters study hard in order to be admitted to an ideal college or a key university. It is for this reason that parents are strict with their children. However,
7、they dont realize what they have become a heavy burden or a great pressure. It is the hard work or the great pressure that changes their children that much.So I hope parents provide a proper environment for their children. Only in this way, will they try their best and succeed at last!本文是夹叙夹议类的文章,主要
8、反映家庭对考生的特别 关注 给他们带来负面影响。在写作过程中, 对主题要审准、审清,对发展过程和结果进行叙述。备考高考写作专题 2 三段式作文法重点诠释 :所谓三段式就是将一篇书面表达按三段的写作模式谋篇布局。就整体篇章结构而言,如何把握较大的写作 空间,三段式的写作模式为最佳选择。三段式的模式写法通常为:1. 第一段开门见山,提出要解决的问题或观点,或者把时间,地点,人物和主要事件及时点出。2. 第二段要摆出事实或提出论据,或者把事情发展的经过详细写出来。3. 最后一段,得出结论或理由。注意:要学会使用过渡词。过渡词犹如“桥梁”和“粘合剂 ” 。恰当地使用过渡词可避免结构松散,层次 分明,表
9、意不清等弊端,使文章条理清楚,文字连贯流畅。常用的过渡词有:递进型:also, (andbesides, what s more, moreover, furthermore, in addition, even, what s worse, worse still, to make matters worse, for theworse , not only but also等;解释型:that is (to say, in other words, or, namely, if fact, in reality, as a matter of fact等;转折型:however, but,
10、 yet, nevertheless, instead, on the coutrary,on the other hand 等;列举型:firstly secondly finally, on the one hand, on the other hand, for one thing, for another 等举例型:for example, for instance, such as, that is, like, take for example等;因果型:because (of, since, now that, thanks to, due to; thus, therefore
11、, as a result (consequence ,so that, so that等;让步型:though, although, in spite of, despite 等;顺序型:first next and then finally, first then after that finally 等;并列型:and, both and, or, either or, as well as, 等时间型:afterwards, soon, later, the moment/ immediately/ on doing, hardly when, no sooner than 等 总结型
12、:in a word, to sum up, in short, on the whole, in conclusion 等见解型:in my opinion, personally speaking, as far as I am concerned, I m sure 等条件型 :if, as long as, so long as, on condition that , unless 等写作典例:假设你是李越,你的加拿大笔友 Steve 来信说,他和他的一些同学正在学中文,请你推荐两本学中文 注意:1。词数:100左右;2.参考词汇:推荐 recommend; 英汉词典 The Eng
13、lish-Chinese Dictionary (ECE;新华字典 Xinhua Dictionary (XD分析:此篇书面表达属于实物说明文,其篇章结构可按三段式进行写作。本文的第一段,可用直接的 叙述 “ I m so pleased to learn that you and your classmates are learning Chinese” . 正文即可作为第二段, 其主要 内容是对两本词典的一些介绍。结束语即可作为第三段。应将两本词典的特点表达准确,以便加拿大笔友 Steve 作出合理选择。表达时,文章的基本时态可考虑用一般现在时。范文:Dear Steve,I m so p
14、leased to learn that you and your classmates are learning Chinese.I d like to recommend the following two dictionaries.The English-Chinese Dictionary is really a good one for beginners. It has 18,000 English words and 20,000 Chinese words, besides plenty of examples, it has manynotes telling you how
15、 to use a word. Xinhua Dictionary is the most popular Chinese dictionary, and it has a vocabulary fo 10,000 words. It may also be useful to some advanced learners of Chinese. Of the two, ECD is more expensive. It costs 52 yuan,and XD costs 11 yuan.Please let me know if you want me to buy one for you
16、.Yours,Li Yue倡议书 低碳生活在积极倡导低碳环保的大环境下,今天的校园内,浪费现象还很普遍,许多学生没有意识到节能的重 要性。请你根据下图所展示的一些现象,以学生会的名义,就这些现象起草一份倡议书,向全校师生发出 倡议,节约能源。 注意:(1开头和结尾已为你写好,不计入总词数;(2词数不少于 100;(3可根据需要补充与文章有关的信息;【猜题理由】 本话题属于热点话题,既为学生熟知又与生活实际贴近,也可以在语言教学中加强对学生进 行环境保护教育。【构思点拨】 仔细观察图画,结合图画内容捋顺要点,确定立意。行文时要注意句子结构准确,信息内容 完整,篇章结构连贯,并且还要关注应用文文体
17、特点。【参考范文】Dear teachers and students,Nowadays its common to see students wasting thing in our school. Many students havent realized the importance of energy-saving. For example, sometimes we can see that lights and computers are still on after class, or some students even leave water running after us
18、ing it. Besides, our paper is printed on only one side, causing much waste.Its time that we did something to avoid this kind of waste. Firstly, make sure that all the lights and other electric facilities are switched off when we leave the rooms. Try to form the habit of turni ng off the tap immediat
19、ely after using it. Whats more, paper should be printed on both sides and reused if possible.In a word, if everybody has the awareness of energy-saving and start with ourselves to reduce the waste, we can contribute to society.Stu dents Union 纵观近几年高考,英语书面表达大致分为材料作文、图表作文和开放作文。且材料作文逐渐被图表作文取代,图表分析作文就是将
20、数据、图像所包含的信息,转化为表意的说明文字。图表分析作文通常比 较复杂,学生不仅要弄清提示,还要看懂所给的图表和数据。由于这类试题提示内容少,信息点分散,审 题时一定要领会作者的出题意图, 弄清主题再动笔:1. 单纯描述解释图表信息,按图表所示内容如实表达, 不加评论。 2. 通过叙述图表 (或图画 中的内容和数字变化来分析原因,发表议论。(一 柱状图 (BAR CHART人们日常生活中事物的变化情况通常可以用宽度相等的柱状图形来表示,柱状图的高度差别用来说明 事物的动态发展趋势,同时要注意图例说明和坐标刻度所提示的信息。例:你们班会的讨论主题是“上大学是高中生唯一的出路吗?”请你根据下面图
21、表及汉语提示,写一 篇短文,并阐述你的个人观点。 提示:1. 增长学识,提高素养,利于择业。2. 成功的路不只一条。3. 学费高,就业难。要求:1. 词数:100120左右。2. 开头语已为你写好 (不计入词数 。3. 参考词汇:tuition n.学费 qualities n.素养【解题分析】柱状图是高中英语课本中常见的图形, 要求学生通过柱状图图中数据和提示内容写一短文, 属于比较、 对照类。也可根据提示写为议论文。通常我们采取三段式写法:第一段:描述图表,得出结论。第二段:紧扣主题,根据图表比较分析原因,论证结论。第三段:发表议论,提出自己的看法。【提炼要点】分析柱状图数据信息。从图中可
22、看出,黑色代表想上大学,占大多数,约 60%;浅黑色代表无所谓, 占约 30%;白色代表不想上大学,占约 10%。One possible versionIs It The Only Way Out To Go To College?The majority of us consider it very necessary to go to college.They think it can widen their knowledge and improve their qualities.Only in this way can they find better jobs after gra
23、duation.Very few students, that is about ten percent of the students, think it no use going university , because the tuition is too high for their family to afford.Whats more, its rather hard for college graduates to seek satisfactory jobs.Thirty percent of the students, however , believe “ All road
24、s lead to Rome.” Therefore it doesnt make any difference whether they go to college or not.In my opinion , we can receive a better education at college so that we can serve our motherland.【语言亮点】词汇。如:consider , widen , afford , seek , satisfactory 。句式。如:形式宾语:The majority of us consider it very necess
25、ary to go to college.倒装:Only in this way can they find better jobs after graduation.主语从句:its rather hard for college graduates to seek satisfactory jobs.谚语:All roads lead to Rome.过渡词。如:that is about ten percent of the students, whats more, however , in my opinion。 【技巧点拨】1. 读懂柱状图坐标刻线及图例说明与文字,比较柱状高低和颜
26、色表示内容及数据。2. 学会看趋势、找规律,从整体看图表有何发展变化,找出特点、规律。3. 引用图表包含信息,使你的文章“由图而发”,言之有据。【常用句式】1. As can be seen from the chart, . As is shown in the chart, .2. The chart shows that about 60 percent of students want to go to college.3. From the graph/data/results/information above , it can be seen/concluded/shown /e
27、stimated.4.The graph shows the changes in the number of.over the period from.to.5.Compared with., the number of the students of.备考高考写作专题 4 说明文重点诠释:1. 说明文是以说明为主要表达方式,用简洁明了的语言来解释说明事物,阐明事理,从而给读者提供知 识的一种文体。2. 在高考书面表达中,其主要命题形式为图表式作文,有时也以图画式和提纲式作文来呈现写作材料。3. 它要求语言要简明扼要,通俗易懂,说明过程讲究层次性和条理性。4. 这种文体通常用第三人称,时态以
28、一般现在时为主。写作典例:根据以下图画,写一篇英语短文,描述今昔通讯方式的变化,以及这些变化给人们生活带来的影响。 (广 东 06注意:1.词数:100左右2.生词:通讯:communicate (with sb. munication n.互联网:the Internet n.案例分析从材料的呈现方式(两幅图对比及材料所提供的要求“描述变化及影响”可知,本文应该用说明文体来 写作。时态的把握是本文的一大难点,一般情况下,说明文应用一般现在时,但本文描述的是今昔通讯方 式的变化, 所以在描写过去通讯方式的时候要用一般过去时, 例如 in the past, people kept in tou
29、ch with each other mainly by writing letters or using the public telephone 及 It used to take several days to hear from each other. 在描写过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响时,谓语动词要用现在完成时,例如本文的起始句可用 “ Great changes have taken place in the way of communication in people s life in recent years” 及讲述影响的过渡 句“ with these changes,
30、people s pace of life has been quickened and people s work has been made more dfficient ” . 相对来说,本文用第三人称容易把握。高分范文Great changes have taken place in the way of communication in peoples life in recent years.In the past, people kept in touch with each other mainly by writing letters or using the public
31、telephone. But now almost everyone has his own mobile phone.People can communicate with each other almost at any place and at any time. Whats more, people have easy access to the Internet, which enables them to send and receive e-mails whenever they like.With these changes, peoples pace of life has been quickened and peoples work has been made more efficient. It used to take several days to hear from each other, but now it takes only several minutes, even if they are in two different continents.In a word, people have an easier life nowadays.3 1. 层次要清楚,条理性要强; 2. 字数在
copyright@ 2008-2022 冰豆网网站版权所有
经营许可证编号:鄂ICP备2022015515号-1