1、第820天TPO单项练习阶段托福185道写作思路分析 参考提纲托福185写作思路分析+参考提纲The Independent Writing TopicsThe following is a list of the actual Independent Writing topics that were eligible for use on former versions of the TOEFL test. You will see topics very similar to these on the TOEFL iBT. Whatever the topic, you will be a
2、sked to give your opinion and to support your opinion with specific reasons and examples. It does not matter whether you agree or disagree with the topic; the raters are trained to accept all varieties of opinions. What matters are the skills discussed in the previous section: your ability to respon
3、d directly to the question, to take a clear position, and to write an essay characterized by good organization, proper use of supporting examples, sentence variety, and correct sentence structures. None of the topics requires specialized knowledge. Most topics are general and are based on the common
4、 experience of people in general and students in particular. What should you do with this list of topics? To prepare for the Writing section of TOEFL iBT, you should choose topics from the list and practice writing essays in response. Make sure you time yourself, taking 30 seconds to read the questi
5、on, plan your work, and write your essay. After completing the essay, read it over and compare it with the scoring guide. Or better yet, have a friend or teacher evaluate the essay against the scoring criteria and give you feedback.People attend college or university for many different reasons (for
6、example, new experiences, career preparation, increased knowledge). Why do you think people attend college or university? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer. 参考分析:说明人们选择上大学的具体原因(一个或者多个): 增加经验、拓展知识、开阔视野. Increase their experience of themselves, expend their knowledge in subjects
7、 they find interesting,education and experience breed a breath of vision and understanding to us. They can learn new skill for career with a lot of opportunities. 为了实现理想(ideal; idealistic)(如,周恩来就是为中华之崛起而读书). When we go to the university it can be bring about our idealistic, 为了保证将来的就业机会. It can ensur
8、e our obtain employment in the future. 父母要求子女上大学. Our parents ask their children to go to the university. 别人都上大学了,所以自己也选择读书. A series of people choice to go to the university, so i have on choice but to study. 找不到工作. I havent a good job, so i have to choice attend college.(无知,总是一部分人做出某个选择的理由。上大学如是1,
9、去博物馆如是12,从事危险运动亦如是43。)相关题目:1681、同意上大学好. (1)为未来工作进行准备 offer more opportunity in our future.(2)交更多的朋友,学习他们的思维方式 make many new friends, then learn their mode of thinking.(3)系统的学习知识 in the college we can learn systemic knowledge.2. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Parents are the b
10、est teachers. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.参考分析:因观点绝对而不能同意。 不是所有的父母都是好老师. 最好的老师不仅仅是父母 有些父母尽管善良,但对教育孩子一无所知 有些父母不配做孩子的老师,对孩子有不良影响2、同意父母是最好的老师. I have been lucky enough to have a very good relationship with my parents(1)父母从小就和我们在一起,给我们很多的知识 give me a necessary criticism,taug
11、ht us significant knowledge. And we alway stay together since we were grown up.(2)父母和我们最为亲密,在任何时候,都会毫无保留地给我们知识 (3)父母最了解我们,所以他们给我们的建议和意见都是最有针对性的. They realize us the most. They often given us a range of suggest and opinion. 3. Nowadays, food has become easier to prepare. Has this change improved the
12、way people live? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.参考分析:总体上,“食物变得越来越容易准备”是一种进步37,所以自然会带来improvement。使人们的生活方式发生了一些变化: 好的:o 节省时间,越来越方便,一定程度上把妇女从繁杂的家务中解放了出来save time. convenience. 也有不好的变化:o 准备食物是一种重要的家庭活动,可是食物变得容易准备一定程度上使家人在一起的时间减少了,比如“速冻饺子”quick-frozen dumplingo 快餐业的高速发展的一个直接结果是
13、,人们普遍变胖了,尤其是孩子became fat. Especially children.相关题目:133、食品容易保存将改变人们的生活习惯. Change person lifes habits.(1)食品容易准备,节省了大量的时间,使人们可以做其他事情 (2)食品容易准备,为人们提供了更多的花样。 Food preparation today allows for more variety.(3)食品容易准备,为人们的健康带来了很多好处 Healthful eating is also easier than ever now.4. It has been said, Not every
14、thing that is learned is contained in books. Compare and contrast knowledge gained from experience with knowledge gained from books. In your opinion, which source is more important? Why?参考分析: 注意一定要先进行比较.compare,contrast 从书本中获取的知识o 优点: 题材、范围更多.more scope. 有更多的深度 depth. 更加的系统 systematic knowledge.o 缺点
15、: 有时过于教条. Those content is so simplex. 也不见得完全准确. Those not nicety that knowledge gained from books. 从经验中获取的知识o 优点: 获取直接、简单明了. Simpleness , perspicuity. 更加地实用 more practicality(do more harm than good弊大于利) 有些知识无法从书本中获得. I think knowledge gained from books that the most important lessons cannot be taug
16、ht .o 缺点: 不系统,很大的随意性. The content is not systematic ,and its at will. 很容易产生片面理解 when you learn something from experience , and you comprehension are unilateral. 不一定要说A比B更重要,或者B比A更重要。也可以选择在不同的情况下,有不同的比较。学习抽象的知识,书本是最好的来源。学习游泳,这只能靠经验。另外,大多数的知识要书本经验相结合才可以。相关题目:116 有些科目或者知识适合通过实践学习,比如,语言,体育 有些科目或者知识适合通过阅
17、读学习,比如,物理、化学、历史、地理 有些科目或者知识适合通过与别人交流来学习,比如销售技巧;管理技巧所以不能一概而论(treat different things/problems/matters as the same),要看学什么,以及学习的阶段。4、首先进行比较,然后说书是最重要的来源 (1)读书能够节省很多时间 (2)书是有系统性的,能够让人以很科学的方式迅速获得知识 (3)读书相对比较便宜和容易,而在寻找经验则比较昂贵和困难 5. A company has announced that it wishes to build a large factory near your co
18、mmunity. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of this new influence on your community. Do you support or oppose the factory? Explain your position.参考分析:先讨论“假设工厂真的落成了,而带来的好处和坏处”,而后发表看法。 好处:o 直接增加了就业机会(到工厂去上班);间接增加了就业机会(会有很多服务业,比如饭店、商店、超市等等跟着开业).ensure our obtain employment, o 如果工厂规模足够大,物流规模也足够大,那
19、么将最终成为交通改善的起点o 大的工厂可以缴纳很多税,对地方财政有好处,进而促进社区的繁荣. The larger factory can paid many taxies, advanced economy,increase place finance,etc. 坏处:o 带来各种污染,比如,噪音、废气、污水等等。 Bring about a range of pollution,such as air pollution, noise pollution, exhaust gas,etc.o 工厂不一定会赢利。The factory did not have the profit.相关题目
20、: 16、25、26、30、795、先说明优势和劣势,让后说同意建一个工厂 (1)工厂能够吸收附近很多人进行就业,对地方的经济有很大的贡献 (2)建立工厂能够促使附近其他的商业发展,例如小商店,药店等等,这可以大大方便附近的居民 convenience.(3)建造工厂,赢利后,就可以向当地政府贡献税收,政府可以利用这些钱改善社区的服务. The government can used taxies to improve community service.6. If you could change one important thing about your hometown, what w
21、ould you change? Use reasons and specific examples to support your answer.参考分析:改变其环境,因为一个好的环境会使人们. I will change environment about my hometown. 更加快乐.in the extreme pleasure. 更加健康.more health. 更加有效率.very efficient.相关题目:52、141、165都可以选择改变其环境。这些题目实际上可以用一篇文章应对。6、一个重要的改变就是改变环境,让它变的更好 the important change
22、is that a change of scene. (1)环境好能改善人的身体健康,很多人因为环境而生病 the good environment will improve our health. A range of people were taken ill, because the environment not very well.(2)环境好了,吸引更多的游客来旅游.attract tourist.(3)环境好能够促进经济发展,吸引更多的商人来投资 the nice environment can attract investment.7. How do movies or tel
23、evision influence peoples behavior? Use reasons and specific examples to support your answer.参考分析:both for the better and for the worse.People mimic movies or television stars behavior.电影、电视等大众传媒(mass media)往往可以对人们的行为产生影响 通过改变人们的价值观、世界观、审美观而改变人们行为. Through change peoples sense of worth, world point
24、of view outlook and aesthetic standard, and then influence peoples action. 通过制造“社会热点”而使大众不停地讨论一件事情 通过满足人们的幻想,或使人们处于平衡状态,或使人们一定程度上失衡7、电影和电视影响人的行为 (1)电影和电视能够让人们迅速了解整个国家和世界,丰富人的知识,让人们更加乐观 (2)电影和电视让人变的懒惰,不愿意和人接触. Became more sloth. Did not like touch with other people.(3)电影和电视让人变的violent. Transform more
25、 violent. Make people more violent.8. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Television has destroyed communication among friends and family. Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.参考分析:不能同意这个观点。一方面人们看电视的时间越来越多;另外一方面人与人之间的关系越来越冷漠。但是这两个现象并不是完全、直接的因果关系。造成人们关系冷漠的原因很多,
26、比如,来自方方面面的压力:工作、生活。8、电影和电视没有破坏朋友和家人的交流 (1)电影和电视的很多内容正是朋友和家人聊天的重要内容。没有电影和电视,似乎聊天就缺了很多内容。 Televisions content has an important when we talk with our friends or family. If the would have not the television,we chat have no good content in our life.(2)我们在很多时候是和朋友和家人一起欣赏电影和电视的,这促进了交流. The family will watc
27、h TV together with our friends sometimes. And we have more time communicate.(3)电影和电视现在的设计很多是让家人朋友一起参与,这实际上也促进了交流. Have more TV program design good idea which we and our friends or our family had talk part in this program. Actually improve our communicate too.9. Some people prefer to live in a small
28、town. Others prefer to live in a big city. Which place would you prefer to live in? Use specific reasons and details to support your answer.参考分析: 生活在大城市的优缺点:信息发达,工作机会多,生活设施完善;人情淡薄. More jobs. Consummate information. Traffic jam. The communicate is so convenience. 生活在小城市的优缺点:温馨,安静,空气好;人们相互了解、友善;信息闭塞;
29、没有好工作. Fresh air. Quiet. Friendliness. We know each other. No good job . Consummate education. 陈述自己的偏好(可以采取it depends的策略,不同的阶段有不同的偏好)相关题目:209、选择在大城市生活 (1)大城市工作机会更多一些 (2)大城市生活相对方便,有很好的商店,交通等等 (3)大城市的娱乐也更多,如电影院,博物馆等等。 Entertainment . For instance:cinema,museum,etc.10、10. When people succeed, it is bec
30、ause of hard work. Luck has nothing to do with success. Do you agree or disagree with the quotation above? Use specific reasons and examples to explain your 参考分析:Opportunity very often depends on luck. nothing是一个绝对词,所以,不能完全同意也不能完全不同意。选择“很大程度上同意”。 指出luck确实存在 指出可能导致人们成功的若干原因:诚实、睿智、幽默;执著;肯于做不喜欢的事情27;相关
31、题目:27、6310、不同意,实际上运气在人成功的过程中也很重要 (1)先肯定努力是成功不可或缺的一部分。 Although success comes a lot from hard work, hard work is not the only key factor for Success(2)在找工作的过程中,同样优秀的人在申请工作的时候不一定就都会被接受,而两个人的人生道路就非常不同。或者从申请签证的角度来说也可以。 (3)别人帮助可以根本不费努力而成功 other people help us that so easy for success.11. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Universities should give the same amount of money to their students sports activities as they give to their university libraries. Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.参考分析: 不能完全同意。same是一件做不到的事情。 普通大学,应该或更多的钱在图书馆上 体育专科大学,当然应
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